Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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          <chap>
            <p type="main">
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              Zibethus.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008392">
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              Moſchus.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008393">
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              Fiber.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008394">
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              Luthra.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008395">
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              Equus flu­
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              uialis. </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008396">
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              Fera anima­
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              lia quæ cicu­
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              rent.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008397">Fera omnia animalia cicurant ſtatim vbi
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              ſunt nata, admouentes mulierum, aut ca­
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              num vberibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008398">Sic enim feles manſuetiores
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              fiunt, & dominum comitantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008399">Sed & edu­
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              catione, viſæ ſunt lutræ, quæ digito demon­
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              ſtrato piſces è piſcina captantes coquo affe­
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              rebant. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008400">Eſt & formæ raræ ſimiæ genus, non cau­
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              datum, hominis magnitudine, formáque
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              faciei præſertim, membrique virilis, pilis
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              tamen vndequaque in dorſo obſitum: nec
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              vllum animal perſeuerat plus ſtando illo,
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              homine ſolo excepto. </s>
              <s id="s.008401">Amat pueros, & mu­
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              lieres, non ſecùs ac homines ſuæ regionis,
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              conatúrque cùm vincula effugerit palàm
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              cum his concumbere, quod nos vidimus.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008402">Cæterùm ferum eſt, ſed talis induſtriæ, vt
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              homines aliquos minùs ingenio valere di­
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              cas, non quidem è noſtris, ſed barbaris,
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              qui inclementes cœli regiones habitant, ve­
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              lut Æthiopes, Numidæque quidam, & La­
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              pones.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008403">
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              Canis leuis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008404">Sed ad alia tranſeamus, è quibus eſt ca­
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              nis leuis: animal hoc India occidentalis ſo­
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              lùm mittit, magnitudine leporis, ſed fer­
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              mè craſſum vt longum, adeò pingueſcit,
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              crura tenuiſſima habet, vt eum ambulat,
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              præ pondere ventrem trahat ſuper humum:
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              neque enim grauiſſimum corpus ab imbe­
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              cilliſſimis cruribus poteſt ſuſtineri. </s>
              <s id="s.008405">Vngues
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              tamen quaternos, ſed indiuiſis imò iunctis
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              digitis in ſingulis habet pedibus, acutos,
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              ac auium inſtar aduncos, quibus ſcandit ar­
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              bores: & quod vix humi graditur, quippe
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              paſſibus quinquaginta in ſingulos dies, au­
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              det tamen arbores aſcendere. </s>
              <s id="s.008406">Oculis & ore
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              paruis, ob idque haud mordet: facie rotun­
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              da, vt bubonis, collo tereti, vndequaque,
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              quod velut attonitum mouet in partes di­
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              uerſas. </s>
              <s id="s.008407">Faciem ambit corona è pilis, quæ il­
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              lam in longum traducere videtur, cauda ca­
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              ret, pilo inter candidum ac cinereum. </s>
              <s id="s.008408">Hæc
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              omnia quamvis mirabilia, non tamen à na­
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              tura prorſus abſona videntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008409">At quòd aëre,
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              roréque veſci videatur, quodque nocte tota
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              fermè canat ſenis vocibus perpetuò deſcen­
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              dentibus, vt muſica proportio ſeſquioctauæ
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              ſeruetur cum ſemitonio in medio, illud
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              prorſus miraculo non abſimile eſt: die ſilet,
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              parúmque videt, vnde hoc ſolùm inter qua­
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              tuor
                <expan abbr="habẽtia">habentia</expan>
              pedes animalia, nocturnum di­
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              ci poteſt: alia eſſe poſſunt, ſed tamen aues
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              nocturnæ frequentiores, bubo, veſpertilio,
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              noctua, aliæque plures. </s>
              <s id="s.008410">Cauſa eſt, quòd
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              in aëre non adeò impedimenta ſunt volan­
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              tibus auibus, vt in terra ambulantibus qua­
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              drupedibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008411">Cúmque maiore negotio cibus
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              quæratur nocte: quam die, præſertim his,
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              quæ rapto viuunt animalibus, cùm reli­
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              qua lateant, & tuta ſint, vel robore pro­
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              prio, vt apri: vel loci oportunitate, vt phi­
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              lomelæ inter dumeta ac vepres: vel loci al­
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              titudine, vt corui, ac cornices in turribus:
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              vel nidi anguſtia, vt auiculæ: vel munitio­
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              ne: vt vulpes: oportuit quòd nocte ſolùm
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              vagari debuit animal alis eſſe præditum,
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              aliter fame conſumi. </s>
              <s id="s.008412">Etenim feles, cative,
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              & lupi, & vulpes nocte quidem, tum ca­
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              preoli, cibum quærunt, ſed tam illis dies
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              communis eſt, quàm nox. </s>
              <s id="s.008413">Itaque aues no­
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              cturnas, quadrupedia autem non poſſumus
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              dicere nocturna, præter hoc deſcriptum
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              animal. Diſcrimina igitur animalium,
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              quamvis plurima ſint, ad duo tamen redu­
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              cuntur, ſcilicet corporis, & animæ diffe­
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              rentias. </s>
              <s id="s.008414">Aimæ quidem, cicur, & ferum,
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              nocturnum atque diurnum: atque hoc ma­
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              ximè in auium genere. </s>
              <s id="s.008415">Sunt etiam in aui­
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              bus mediæ, vt qualea, quam quidam imò
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              plerique coturnicem eſſe putant, & gallus,
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              hortulanúſque. </s>
              <s id="s.008416">Auis enim hæc cinerei co­
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              loris, & carduele maior, nocte canit, in
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              Hetruria notus: gallus etſi nocte canat,
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              non tamen videt. </s>
              <s id="s.008417">Infauſti ominis habentur
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              nocturnæ aues, non tamen mediæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008418">Auium
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              quoque propria eſt differentia: canere
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              enim quædam, quædam mutæ, aliæ me­
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              diæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008419">Sarau nobiliſſima canentium, & pſit­
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              taco proxima. </s>
              <s id="s.008420">Pſittacus loquatium prima,
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              poſt quam eſt pica, inde turdus, meru­
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              la, atque ſturnus. </s>
              <s id="s.008421">Sunt & corui loquaces,
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              & paſſeres ſolitari. </s>
              <s id="s.008422">Oderunt homines paſſe­
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              res ob ſolitudinem, creditúmque in domi­
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              bus cauea retendam, licet dulciter admo­
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              dum canat, exitium portendere. </s>
              <s id="s.008423">Oderunt
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              & coruos ea ratione, qua vultures quòd hæ
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              aues veſcantur cadaueribus etiam humanis
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              Tria auium genera infauſta habentur, ſo­
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              litaria, nocturna, & quæ cadaueribus in­
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              hiant. </s>
              <s id="s.008424">Loqui docentur tenebris ac lucerna,
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              fame ac vino: eliguntúrque iuuenculæ, &
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              lingua latiore, & ex pſittacis, qui quinos
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              habent in pedibus digitos: aptiores enim
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              hi ad ſermonem. </s>
              <s id="s.008425">Porrò fames, præcipuum
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              eſt neceſſitatis diſcendi vinculum, vt Perſius
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              dixit:
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                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Quis expediuit pſittaco ſuum
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <foreign lang="grc">χᾱιρε</foreign>
              ,
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Picáſque docuit noſtra verba conari
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              Magiſter artis, ingeniiſque largitor
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              Venter, negatas artifex edi voces.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008426">
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              Cur plures
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              aues noctur­
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              næ, quàm
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              animalia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008427">
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              Felis. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008428">
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              Sarau auis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008429">
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              Quomodo
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              aues loqui
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              doceantur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008430">Tenebræ aues magis reddunt ſolicitas, &
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              ſenſum ac memoriam colligunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008431">Vnde etiam
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              homines melius in tenebris recordantur, &
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              cogitant atque deliberant. </s>
              <s id="s.008432">Lucerna verò
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              adhibetur, quia in exquiſitis tenebris aues
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              dormiunt, timéntque, vt ſenſus excutiatur,
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              non augeatur. </s>
              <s id="s.008433">Tenui igitur lucerna opus eſt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008434">Conati ſunt quidam auibus præſtigias face­
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              re, vt Anon Carthaginenſis: pluribus enim
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              captis pullis earum docuit dicere, Anon
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              Deus: inde dimiſſis in ſyluas ſperabat hoc
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              commento homines in ſuperſtitionem ad­
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              ductos, in illius tyrannidem, quam medi­
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              tabatur conſenſuros: quod forſan ſucceſſiſſet,
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              niſi aues vbi libertatem adeptæ fuerunt lo­
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              qui, oblitæ eſſent: oportebat enim diu in li­
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              bertate habitas fame cogere, vt quod vellet,
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              proferrent. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008435">
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              Anonis com­
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              mentum ad
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              occupandam
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              tyrannidem. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008436">Ergo vt ad feles redeam, quòd animalia
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              hæc media eſſent natura, glaucum oculum
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              ac fulgentem dedit, vt nocte videre poſſent.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008437">Vident & equi, lupique nocte melius, quàm
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              homines. </s>
              <s id="s.008438">Homini ratio lumina monſtra­
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              uit: ob id neglexit natura tantam viden­
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              di curam etiam in nocte. </s>
              <s id="s.008439">Quamobrem feli­
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              bus etiam creſcere pupillam creditum eſt
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              Lunæ ratione. </s>
              <s id="s.008440">Oſeruatum eſt etiam, vt mi­
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              nùs mirum videatur non ſolùm diebus di­
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              uerſis, ſed eodem, hominum pupillas mu­
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              tari, vt quandoque magnæ, hinc poſt paucas </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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