Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008440">
                <pb pagenum="537" xlink:href="016/01/186.jpg"/>
              horas diminutæ videantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008441">Pupillam dico
                <lb/>
              partem in medio nigram: quæ verò circum­
                <lb/>
              iacet, variáque eſt pro hominum, & anima­
                <lb/>
              lium differentia, vocatur Iris. </s>
              <s id="s.008442">Peſſi verò cir­
                <lb/>
              ca iridem, & circa peſſos candidum oculi.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008443">Interiores anguli fontes vocantur, exte­
                <lb/>
              riores hirci ſeu paropiæ, & oculi ambitus
                <lb/>
              Eon. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008444">
                <margin.target id="marg1170"/>
              Oculi partes
                <lb/>
              conſpicuæ.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008445">Sed vt ad feles reuertar, varia ſunt illius
                <lb/>
              genera, aut quia ſimilitudine omnia fer­
                <lb/>
              mè animalia ſæua & ſimilia ſunt, panthe­
                <lb/>
              ræ, lyncei, pardi, tigrides. </s>
              <s id="s.008446">Commune
                <lb/>
              enim eſt vnguium magnitudo, & robur,
                <lb/>
              pellis diſtincta, verſicolor ac pulchra, caput
                <lb/>
              rotundum: facies breuis, cauda prolixa,
                <lb/>
              agilitas corporis, feracitas, & cibus, qui
                <lb/>
              venatione acquiritur. </s>
              <s id="s.008447">Commune eſt omni
                <lb/>
              animanti, vt veſcatur his, è quibus genera­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1171"/>
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.008448">Quum enim ab initio imbecillum ſit,
                <lb/>
              vnde illi victus alibi, quàm vbi natum eſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008449">Sed in his, quæ ex putrida materia gignun­
                <lb/>
              tur, manet conſuetudo fermè ſemper, quum
                <lb/>
              ad robur minimè proueniant: ſic muſcilio­
                <lb/>
              nes vino, & vermes cœno, & erucæ ac reli­
                <lb/>
              qua foliis iiſdem, quibus genitæ ſunt: aues ve­
                <lb/>
              rò & quadrupedes roſtro duriore, vel iam na­
                <lb/>
              tis dentibus aliud cibi genus ſolidius quæ­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1172"/>
                <lb/>
              runt. </s>
              <s id="s.008450">Quum verò animal aliquod abundat,
                <lb/>
              plerunque aliud natura gignit, quod illo paſ­
                <lb/>
              catur, duplici commodo, ne multitudo prio­
                <lb/>
              rum damnum ingens afferat loco, & aliis
                <lb/>
              etiam, quæ ex his veſcuntur pabuli commo­
                <lb/>
              dum accedat. </s>
              <s id="s.008451">Sic quum formicæ nimiùm
                <lb/>
              abundent quibuſdam in occidentalis Indiæ
                <lb/>
              partibus genitum eſt animal, quod vocant
                <lb/>
              vrſum formicarium, quòd lingua ea rapiat,
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              depaſcatúrque: atque ſic regionis iacturæ
                <lb/>
              prouiſum eſt, quum ad nullum alium vſum
                <lb/>
              hoc animal paratum videatur: neque enim
                <lb/>
              ferum eſt nec mordax, dictúmque potiùs
                <lb/>
              vrſus à ſimilitudine corporis, quàm à ro­
                <lb/>
              bore vel feritate: hoc linguæ humore diſcu­
                <lb/>
              tit ac diſiicit ſolidiſſimas formicarum do­
                <lb/>
              mos, inde etiam his diſiectis linguæ hæ­
                <lb/>
              rentes ad ſe trahit ac deuorat. </s>
              <s id="s.008452">Animalibus
                <lb/>
              verò, quæ non facilè eſca eſſe poſſent, aliis
                <lb/>
              prouidit, vel paucitate fœtus, vel vitæ bre­
                <lb/>
              uitate, vel neceſſitate aëris aſperioris, vel
                <lb/>
              difficultate aliqua pariendi, aut educan­
                <lb/>
              di, ne in immenſam creſcerent multitudi­
                <lb/>
              nem.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1173"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008453">
                <margin.target id="marg1171"/>
              Omne ani­
                <lb/>
              mal veſcitur
                <lb/>
              his, è quibus
                <lb/>
              generatur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008454">
                <margin.target id="marg1172"/>
              Cùm animal
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              aliquod
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              abundat, gi­
                <lb/>
              gnituraliud,
                <lb/>
              quod eo veſ­
                <lb/>
              catur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008455">Vrſus formi­
                <lb/>
              carius.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008456">
                <margin.target id="marg1173"/>
              Piſces in ca­
                <lb/>
              lidis ac ſul­
                <lb/>
              phureis
                <lb/>
              aquis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008457">Sed ad piſces iam veniamus: qui non­
                <lb/>
              nunquam in aquis ſulphureis calidis inue­
                <lb/>
              niuntur, vt apud Budam Pannoniæ vrbem:
                <lb/>
              nonnunquam verò in aluminoſis, vt apud
                <lb/>
              Iulium carnicum. </s>
              <s id="s.008458">Immenſa ſunt animan­
                <lb/>
              tium in aquis, præſertim mari, ac magis in
                <lb/>
              Oceano, præcipuè ſub torrida zona quoniam
                <lb/>
              ibi calor, & humor ad incrementum faciunt,
                <lb/>
              ſalſedo ad conſeruationem. </s>
              <s id="s.008459">Vaſtitas qua­
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                <lb/>
              rundam, vt Cete incredibilis, rugiunt oſ­
                <lb/>
              culis cubitalibus iuxta nares poſitis tantum
                <lb/>
              aquæ effundunt, vt naues etiam prægran­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1175"/>
                <lb/>
              des obruant. </s>
              <s id="s.008460">Ex earum pinnis virgæ ſunt
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              pulcherrimæ, quæ oſſeæ ſeu corneæ viden­
                <lb/>
              tur: ſunt enim nigræ, ſimiles cornibus bu­
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              balorum, & adeò flexiles, vt nunquam rum­
                <lb/>
              pantur: nitent præcipuè in ſole, ſic vt au­
                <lb/>
              reæ videantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008461">Singula fila virgam vnam ha­
                <lb/>
              bent, atque ob id in vna pinna plurimę: virgis
                <lb/>
              enim pinnæ conſtare videntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008462">Os verò ca­
                <lb/>
              pitis adeò patens, vt ex eo nauiculam effi­
                <lb/>
              cere queas. </s>
              <s id="s.008463">Conſopiuntur, vt Munſterus ait,
                <lb/>
              caſtoreo aquis diluto, nam protinus mer­
                <lb/>
              guntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008464">Odiſſe odorem feræ piſces inſectan­
                <lb/>
              tis veriſimile eſt: itaque hoc vnum aduerſum
                <lb/>
              vaſtas belluas præſidium nauibus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008465">Nam
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1176"/>
                <lb/>
              & reliquas caſtorei odore terreri poſſe cre­
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              dendum eſt, velut & ſtrepitu machinarum
                <lb/>
              ignearum. </s>
              <s id="s.008466">Sunt enim aliæ etiam belluæ in
                <lb/>
              mari tum monſtra, vt inter reliquas orcas,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1177"/>
                <lb/>
              quæ duabus alis ingentibus volitat ſuper
                <lb/>
              maria, terrorem potius, quàm periculum
                <lb/>
              triremibus afferens: atque hæ ambæ præto­
                <lb/>
              rias domos vaſtitate quandoque æquant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008467">Vnde luſus ille Lucianicus in Veris narra­
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              tionibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008468">Eſt ziphus tantæ magnitudinis in
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1178"/>
                <lb/>
              Getico mari, vt phocam deuoret. </s>
              <s id="s.008469">Eſt autem
                <lb/>
              phoca marinus vitulus, inferiùs ob egre­
                <lb/>
              giam formam deſcribendus. </s>
              <s id="s.008470">Eſt & in eodem
                <lb/>
              mari Orcadis genus quoddam gibbero, &
                <lb/>
              agilitate inſigne ſpringual vocatum, ob ma­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1179"/>
                <lb/>
              gnitudinem autem immenſam è genere or­
                <lb/>
              cadum eſſe creditur: piſces enim maximos
                <lb/>
              & incredibilis vaſtitatis orcades vocant, ſi­
                <lb/>
              mili nomine inſularum, quæ Britanniæ in
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              Oceano adiacent. </s>
              <s id="s.008471">Inimicæ ſunt hæ balenis.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008472">Priſtis quoque & phyſeter & arbor, & rota
                <lb/>
              omnia è cetaceo genere:
                <foreign lang="grc">μοῦτος</foreign>
              enim Græcè
                <lb/>
              dum cete ſignificat, ſignificat & immen­
                <lb/>
              ſum atque ingens, & vaſtum: vnde
                <foreign lang="grc">μουτόεις</foreign>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008473">Sunt autem diuerſæ huius generis formæ, vt
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1180"/>
                <lb/>
              barbati piſcis, cui cornua bina ſunt, po­
                <lb/>
              ſterior pars anguſtior ac breuior, caput qua­
                <lb/>
              dratum, oculi ambitus 16. aut 20. pedum.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008474">Rhinoceros quoque faſtigiatum dorſum ha­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1181"/>
                <lb/>
              bet, & narem occultam, & in cornu deſi­
                <lb/>
              nentem: pedes habet duodecim, & can­
                <lb/>
              cros deuorat. </s>
              <s id="s.008475">Sed & vacca piſcis cornuta eſt,
                <lb/>
              aliúſque corpore oſſeo toto, tum alij plures.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008476">Sed omnium admirabilior monſtrorum tri­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1182"/>
                <lb/>
              ton eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008477">In bacchi templo vidiſſe apud Ta­
                <lb/>
              nagreos Bœotię populos Pauſanias tritonem
                <lb/>
              refert, aliúmque apud Romanos, cuius hæc
                <lb/>
              erat forma: Capillos habent tritones in ca­
                <lb/>
              pite, ranularum inſtar in paludibus degen­
                <lb/>
              tium: tum colore, tum quia diuiſi inter ſe
                <lb/>
              non ſint, ſimilitudinem referentes. </s>
              <s id="s.008478">Reli­
                <lb/>
              quum corpus in tenuem ſquamam deſinit,
                <lb/>
              roboréque eo munitum eſt, quo rhinas piſ­
                <lb/>
              cis. </s>
              <s id="s.008479">Branchias ſub auribus habent, & na­
                <lb/>
              ſum humanum. </s>
              <s id="s.008480">Os latius, & dentes ferinos.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008481">Oculi glauci Pauſaniæ viſi ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008482">Manus iti­
                <lb/>
              dem habent, digitos, & vngues, cochlea­
                <lb/>
              rum acetabulis ſimiles. </s>
              <s id="s.008483">Sub pectore, & ven­
                <lb/>
              tre caudam habent pro pedibus, vt delphi­
                <lb/>
              ni. </s>
              <s id="s.008484">Referunt multa huiuſcemodi in Septen­
                <lb/>
              trionali Oceano videri, ſed piſcatorum lege
                <lb/>
              dimitti: quod falſum eſſe reor: nam ſi gre­
                <lb/>
              gatim incederent, regum anxia cupiditas
                <lb/>
              illos cogeret, ſpreto periculo, ſi ſolitarij
                <lb/>
              piſcatorum auaritia nullo metu coërcita.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008485">Hæc tamen cùm videntur in maris ſuperfi­
                <lb/>
              cie, tamen quæ cetatij generis ſunt, graues
                <lb/>
              tempeſtates nuntiant: & in homines maxi­
                <lb/>
              mè graſſantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008486">Sunt & in mari Indico iux­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1183"/>
                <lb/>
              ta Burneam, quæ ad æquinoctij circulum
                <lb/>
              poſita eſt, oſtrea magna adeò, vt pleræque
                <lb/>
              carnem contineant, ponderis librarum 25.
                <lb/>
              Inuentæ ſint etiam, quarum caro 44. libras </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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