Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.008486">
                <pb pagenum="538" xlink:href="016/01/187.jpg"/>
              æquauerit. </s>
              <s id="s.008487">Itaque & in mari figuræ omnes
                <lb/>
              effictæ videntur animalium, & non ſolùm
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              animalium, ſed etiam inſtrumentorum. </s>
              <s id="s.008488">Et
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              in Indico præcipuè monſtra immenſæ ſunt,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1184"/>
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              & incredibilis magnitudinis. </s>
              <s id="s.008489">Cauſam tam
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              multiplicium figurarum eſſe reor facilitatem
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              generationis, & vitæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008490">Nam cùm ad genera­
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              tionem concurrant calor & humidum, ad
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              vitam alimentum, in mari calor abundat &
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              humidum, atque pabulum irimari enim ſal,
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              in ſale oleum, oleum autem humidum eſt
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              pingue, ob id etiam alimentum. </s>
              <s id="s.008491">Propter
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              motum etiam non contingit peſtis, velut in
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              aëre: mare enim quotidie mouetur, aër au­
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              tem aliquando tranquillitas eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008492">Ob id quæ­
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              libet forma piſcis conſeruari facilè poteſt,
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              non ita in aëre. </s>
              <s id="s.008493">Mouentur etiam piſces in
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              mari abſque labore, terreſtria animalia non:
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              vnde terreſtria animalia, vel eſurire cogun­
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              tur, vel labore nimio confici neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008494">Ne­
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              que mare gelaſcit, aut feruet, vt terra, &
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              aquæ fluuiorum, niſi extrema parte, qua ab
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              aëre tangitur. </s>
              <s id="s.008495">His tot commodis, tum mi­
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              ſtione diuerſarum ſpecierum, plurima mon­
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              ſtra in mari generantur, adeò vt aliquando
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              propter æſtum exundante mari copioſius,
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              ad trecenta genera animalium monſtrifi­
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              corum in littore Oceani occidentalis relicta
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              ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.008496">Ratio quoque, qua monſtra, mon­
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              ſtroſique partus, & octimeſtres in Ægypto
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              viuant eadem eſt cur, quæ in mari debilis
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              ſint vitæ, tamen ſuperſint. </s>
              <s id="s.008497">Qui verò piſces
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              non viuunt, aliis piſcibus faciliùs miſcen­
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              tur, quàm animalia terreſtria, quæ herbis
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              paſcuntur, quia commodiùs iunguntur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008498">Qui verò carnes, & piſces deuorant, diffi­
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              ciliùs carniuoris feris, quoniam minùs ha­
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              bent ſenſus, & minùs ob id amant: amor
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              enim cum ſenſu fit: ob piſces non miſeren­
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              tur, vt leones, neque vllis parcunt, qui
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1185"/>
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              prædæ loco ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.008499">Referunt tamen raiam piſ­
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              cem homini ſub aquis periclitanti auxiliari,
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              ne vel ſubmergatur, vel à belluis maris diſ­
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              cerpatur. </s>
              <s id="s.008500">Sed raia primùm ſi hoc agit, pe­
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              culiari quadam proprietate facit: nam & ſo­
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              la inter piſces marinos, quod ſciamus, alteri
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              generi miſcetur, ſquatinæ ſcilicet. </s>
              <s id="s.008501">Deinde
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              raia, viua animalia non perſequitur, nec for­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1186"/>
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              ſan carnes edit. </s>
              <s id="s.008502">Cur verò ſola raia, & ſqua­
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              tina ſimul diuerſo genere miſceantur, cauſa
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              eſt, quòd pleraque alia animalia in maris
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              profundo lateant. </s>
              <s id="s.008503">Carniuoræ etiam prædæ
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              non Veneri ſtudent. </s>
              <s id="s.008504">Pleraque ob timorem
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              non fidunt ex mitibus: talia etiam gregatim
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              plerunque incedunt, vt non deſit ſocius è ge­
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              nere ſuo, præſertim tempore, quo ad Vene­
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              rem procliuia ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008505">Ob tot cauſas ſolus piſcis
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              ex raia, ſquatinam miſtus forma in mari cer­
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              nitur. </s>
              <s id="s.008506">Eſt autem raia piſcis magnitudine ſcu­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1187"/>
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              ti, planè atque cartilagineus. </s>
              <s id="s.008507">Eadem verò
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              ratio de magnitudine belluarum in mari,
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              præcipuéque Indico, quæ de forma. </s>
              <s id="s.008508">Nam ob
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              humidum & calorem, & alimentum fermè
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              vbique præſens, tum quia abſque pedibus
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              ſuſtinentur, & grandia ſuperant maris ſpa­
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              tia abſque labore, ideò maximi ſunt piſces
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              terreſtrium animalium comparatione, auium
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              autem longè magis. </s>
              <s id="s.008509">Nam finge vaſtum ani­
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              mal, & elephanto quadruplo maius, ſi eſſe
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              poteſt, in terra nónne plurimo cibo indige­
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              bit, quo abſumpto cogetur magnum illud
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              pondus maximo incommodo alias quærere
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              terras: itaque facilè contracto morbo peri­
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              bit, aut inedia, ſi ſenſim & lentè ex vna
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              regione in aliam tranſierit. </s>
              <s id="s.008510">Deinde etiam
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              ſi tutò tranſeat & abſque labore, quis mo­
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              dus erit, ne hominum inſidiis capiatur? </s>
              <s id="s.008511">Ho­
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              rum nullum eſt periculorum aut incommo­
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              dorum in mari: nam
                <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan>
              cibus deeſſe piſci­
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              bus, nec tranſitus ex vna regione in aliam
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              cum labore eſt, nec vllis hominum inſidiis
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              medio mari, etiam ſi monarcha orbi impe­
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              rat, ſubiici poterunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008512">Ob id igitur piſces ma­
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              ximos inter animalia, aues minimæ: terre­
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              ſtria, magnitudine ſunt mediocria. </s>
              <s id="s.008513">Nam cur
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              aues minores ſint terreſtribus animalibus,
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              ratio non obſcura eſt, cùm faciliùs ſubie­
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              ctis pedibus in terra ſuſtineatur animal,
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              quàm in aëre expanſis alis. </s>
              <s id="s.008514">Medij inter ter­
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              reſtria, & marina animalia piſces ſint la­
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              cuum. </s>
              <s id="s.008515">Vnde in Algoiæ Sueuiæ regione lacu­
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              bus piſcis Vualmin inuenitur: cui ſub men­
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              to duo funes ſunt, qui quandoque ad pon­
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              dus librarum 40. perueniunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008516">Hic piſces
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              alios his funibus venatur, tum etiam aues.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008517">Sunt enim illi loco promuſcidis in elephan­
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              to: meritóque ob magnitudinem balena la­
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              cuum dici poteſt, tantò minor balena ma­
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              ris, quantò mari lacus minores ſunt: & aquæ
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              lacuum ob frigiditatem, & lacus ipſi ob ma­
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              credinem, ad generationem, & alimentum
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              ipſo mari ſunt inferiores. </s>
              <s id="s.008518">Omnium igitur
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt dictum eſt) terreſtrium animalium for­
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              mas piſcibus expreſſit natura, hominem Tri­
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              tone, mulierem Nereide (hæc enim non fa­
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              buloſa, Sirenes autem fabuloſæ) elephan­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1188"/>
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              tem elephante, atque alia eiuſcemodi. </s>
              <s id="s.008519">Sed
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              omnes piſces parte anteriore licet videan­
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              tur ſimiles animalibus pedeſtribus, poſte­
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              riore tamen in piſcem deſinunt, vel nullis
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              fermè exceptis. </s>
              <s id="s.008520">Cauſa eſt, quòd velut in
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              nauis puppi temo illam dirigit, ita cauda
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              piſcis iter ſuum. </s>
              <s id="s.008521">Propterea piſcibus omni­
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              bus fermè cauda bifida. </s>
              <s id="s.008522">Tanta verò illorum
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              multitudo, vt referant in Narbonenſi Gal­
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              liæ parte aliquando vno retium tractu (in­
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              credibile dictu) captos piſces tot, tantóſque,
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              vt pondo ſeu libras CCCXCM. æquarent:
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              quod & ex magnitudine, & multitudine
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              contigiſſe potuit. </s>
              <s id="s.008523">In vniuerſum autem piſ­
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              cium genus, & multitudine, & magnitu­
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              dine, & robore, & formæ varietate reli­
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              qua animantium genera præcellit, vt ſunt
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              etiam ex illis, quibus non deſint pedes, ve­
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              lut polypis, à pedum multitudine ſic voca­
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              tis. </s>
              <s id="s.008524">Hos paruos atque aſſatos ſuper prunas
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1189"/>
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              ad concipiendum meritò dabat Hippocra­
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              tes, quoniam polypus facilè concipit & fert,
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              nerueáque ſubſtantia præditus eſt, & tardè
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              concoquitur: ob id etiam eius caput mala
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              ſomnia mouet: quòd durum concoctione
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              atros vapores mittat non ſecùs ac cepe, ſed
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                <expan abbr="lõgè">longè</expan>
              validius. </s>
              <s id="s.008525">Alij ſunt informes, velut quod
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1190"/>
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              corio eſt, quaſi ſuillo, magnitudine fermè
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              elephantis, ſuillo etiam capite, pedibus lora­
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              ceis, ſine dentibus, paruis oculis, ſub ventre
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              duo foramina habet iuxta caudam. </s>
              <s id="s.008526">Cauda
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              prælonga, brachij menſura latiore, quam
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              menſuram longitudine, & latitudine im­
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              plent ſingulæ auriculæ, corio craſſiore, quàm </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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