Alberti, Leone Battista
,
Architecture
,
1755
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Country, ſo the Platform is a certain determi
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nate Part of the Region taken up by the
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Building; and for this Reaſon, any Thing that
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may annoy or be of Service to the Region,
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may do the ſame to the Platform. </
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<
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>But though
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this be ſo, yet our Diſcuſſion and Conſiderati
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ons here will offer us ſome Precepts, which
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ſeem particularly to regard the Platform only;
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and ſome again which do not ſeem ſo proper
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ly to belong to the Seat as in a great Meaſure
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to the Region; which are theſe. </
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<
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>It is neceſ
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ſary to conſider what Work we are taking in
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Hand, publick or private, ſacred or profane,
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and ſo of the Reſt, which we ſhall treat of diſ
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tinctly in their proper Places. </
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<
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>For one Situa
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tion and one Space is to be allotted to an Ex
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change, another to a Theatre, another to a
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Palæſtra,
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or Place of Exerciſe, and another to
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a Temple; ſo that we muſt have regard to the
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Quality and Uſe of every Edifice in the Deter
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mining of its Situation and Form. </
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<
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>But to
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proceed here only in a general Diſcuſſion of
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theſe Things as we began, we ſhall touch on
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ly upon thoſe Points which we judge neceſ
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ſary: Firſt ſaying ſomething of Lines, which
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may be of Service for underſtanding what fol
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lows. </
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<
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>For being to treat of the Deſign of the
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Platform, it will not be inconvenient to explain
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thoſe Things firſt whereof that Deſign con
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ſiſts. </
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<
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>Every Deſign therefore is compoſed of
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Lines and Angles; the Lines are that extreme
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Deſign which includes the whole Space of the
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Platform. </
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<
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>That Part of the Superficies of this
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Deſign, which is contained between two Lines
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touching at ſome certain Point, is called an
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Angle. </
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<
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>The Interſection therefore or croſſing
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of two Lines over each other form four Angles.
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>If each of theſe Angles be equal to all and each
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of the other three, they are called right Angles;
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if they are leſs, they are called acute, and the
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greater obtuſe. </
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>Of Lines too ſome are ſtrait
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and others curve; of involved winding Lines
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it is not neceſſary to ſpeak here. </
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<
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>The ſtrait
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Line is a Line drawn from one Point to an
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other, the ſhorteſt Way that poſſibly can be.
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>The curve Line is Part of a Circle; a Circle
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is a Draught made from one of two Points,
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and turned upon the ſame Superficies in ſuch a
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Manner, that in its whole Circumference it is
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never nearer nor farther from that immoveable
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Point the Centre, than it was at the firſt Turn.
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<
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>But to this it is neceſſary to add, that the curve
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Line, which was ſaid to be Part of the Circle,
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among us Architects, for its Similitude, is call
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ed an Arch. </
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>And the ſtrait Line, which is
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drawn from the two extreme Points of the
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curve Line, for the ſame Reaſon is called
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a Chord. </
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<
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>And that Line, which goes from
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the middle Point of the Chord up to the
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Arch, leaving equal Angles on each Side, is
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called the
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Sagitta.
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<
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> And that which is carried
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from the fixed immoveable Point within the
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Circle to the curve Line of the Circle, is call
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ed the
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Radius.
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<
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> And that immoveable Point
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in the Middle is called the Centre. </
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<
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>And the
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Line which paſſes through the Centre and
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touches both Sides of the Circumference, is </
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called the Diameter. </
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<
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>Arches too are different,
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for ſome are entire, ſome are imperfect, and
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ſome are compoſite. </
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<
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>The entire is that which
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is the full Half of a Circle, or that whoſe
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Chord is the Diameter of the whole Circle.
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<
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>The Imperfect is that whoſe Chord is leſs than
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a Diameter, ſo that this imperfect Arch is Part
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of a Semi-circle. </
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<
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>The compoſite Arch is
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formed of two imperfect Arches, and ſo the
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joyning of thoſe two Arches, interſecting each
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other, makes an Angle at Top, which never
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happens either in the entire or imperfect Arch.
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<
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>Theſe Things being premiſed, we proceed as
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follows.</
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*</
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<
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>CHAP. VIII.</
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Of the Kinds of Platforms, their Forms and Figures, and which are the moſt
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ſerviceable and laſting.
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<
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>Of Platforms, ſome are angular and others
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circular; of the angular, ſome conſiſt
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all of right Lines, and ſome of right Lines
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and curve mixed together. </
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<
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>But I do not re
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member among the Buildings of the Ancients
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to have met with any angular Deſign, com
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poſed of ſeveral curve Lines, without any Mix
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ture of ſtrait Lines at all: But in this we
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ſhould have regard to thoſe Things, which be
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ing wanting in all Parts of the Structure, are
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greatly blamed; and which, where they are,
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make the Edifice handſome and convenient.
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