Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

Table of figures

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    <archimedes>
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        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008803">
                <pb pagenum="545" xlink:href="016/01/194.jpg"/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1235"/>
                <lb/>
              Primum incommodum caliditate, & ſiccita­
                <lb/>
              te temperamenti ſuſtulit: quod etiam pro­
                <lb/>
              fuit ad pennarum generationem, & totius
                <lb/>
              corporis leuitatem. </s>
              <s id="s.008804">Inde vt ſiccum eſſet to­
                <lb/>
              tum corpus, paruo potu ſatiati voluit, atque
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1236"/>
                <lb/>
              ea cauſa etiam carere veſica. </s>
              <s id="s.008805">Sed dentium de­
                <lb/>
              fectui geminato ventriculo occurrit, vt dura
                <lb/>
              in illo ſenſim conquoquerentur: cùm enim
                <lb/>
              dura non poſſent comminui, tempore indi­
                <lb/>
              gebant longiore, & ſolidiore,
                <expan abbr="arctioréq;">arctioréque</expan>
              ven­
                <lb/>
              triculo, in quo paruus poterat contineri ci­
                <lb/>
              bus, qui corpori haud ſuffeciſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.008806">Igitur alte­
                <lb/>
              rum ſuſtitui neceſſe fuit, in quo & ex dimi­
                <lb/>
              dio concoqueretur, & quartum ſatis eſſet ci­
                <lb/>
              bi poſſet contineri. </s>
              <s id="s.008807">Pedes etiam paruos fecit,
                <lb/>
              quòd inutile eſſet hoc pondus ad volatum: &
                <lb/>
              aciem videndi acutam, quòd procul videre,
                <lb/>
              ex altóque conſpicere, illis opus eſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.008808">Quòd ſi
                <lb/>
              aues aliquæ à norma aberrant, non tamen
                <lb/>
              vſum perfectum aſſequuntur: nam Diome­
                <lb/>
              deas dentes habere quidam volunt, atque ta­
                <lb/>
              lia potiùs ad varietatem, quàm ad vſum ſunt
                <lb/>
              neceſſaria. </s>
              <s id="s.008809">Veſpertilio dentes habet, ſed plu­
                <lb/>
              mis caret, totæque alæ ac corpus cartilagi­
                <lb/>
              nea ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008810">Verùm cùm deciderit, vix exurgere
                <lb/>
              ad volandum poteſt.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1237"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008811">
                <margin.target id="marg1233"/>
              Cur aues ca­
                <lb/>
              put paruum
                <lb/>
              habeant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008812">
                <margin.target id="marg1234"/>
              Aues cur
                <expan abbr="dẽ-tibus">den­
                  <lb/>
                tibus</expan>
                <expan abbr="careãt">careant</expan>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008813">
                <margin.target id="marg1235"/>
              Cur aues ve­
                <lb/>
              ſica careant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008814">
                <margin.target id="marg1236"/>
              Cur aues
                <lb/>
              duos habeant
                <lb/>
              ventriculos.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008815">
                <margin.target id="marg1237"/>
              Aues cicu­
                <lb/>
              res.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008816">Aues omnes cicures natura fermè, & ma­
                <lb/>
              ximè quæ carne haud veſcuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008817">Nam in
                <lb/>
              orbe nouo, cùm primùm naues ad incultas
                <lb/>
              inſulas ſe applicuiſſent, multæ aues tum ma­
                <lb/>
              ximè è columborum genere manu capi ſe
                <lb/>
              permittebant: nec aues metuunt hominum
                <lb/>
              ſocietatem, niſi exemplo edoctæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008818">Vnde ere­
                <lb/>
              mitæ non pauci, cicures habuerunt ex gene­
                <lb/>
              re earum, quæ agreſtes ſunt, velut paſſeres,
                <lb/>
              atque coruos.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1238"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008819">
                <margin.target id="marg1238"/>
              Talpa.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008820">Sed auibus relictis, ad animal quod ſub
                <lb/>
              terra habitat, tranſeamus, alterius generis,
                <lb/>
              quòd talpam vocant. </s>
              <s id="s.008821">Cinerei coloris eſt, mu­
                <lb/>
              ri ſimile forma, & magnitudine, niſi quòd
                <lb/>
              oculis caret: nam cui vſui oculi profuturi
                <lb/>
              erant ſub terra perpetuò habitanti? </s>
              <s id="s.008822">adeò ve­
                <lb/>
              rò odit aërem, vt ſi cogatur in lucem egre­
                <lb/>
              di, breuiſſimo temporis ſpatio exanimetur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008823">Diſſidet & cauda, quorſum enim effingere
                <lb/>
              tam longam caudam ſub terra habitanti?
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008824">Eadem ratione & crura habet breuiſſima, &
                <lb/>
              vngues acutiſſimos: vnde crurum breuitas
                <lb/>
              neceſſaria per anguſta penetranti, & vn­
                <lb/>
              guium acuitas, vt terram commodè perfode­
                <lb/>
              re poſſit: adeò autem hoc opus celeriter, &
                <lb/>
              amplè explet, vt qui viderint primò defoſ­
                <lb/>
              ſam talpa humum, multùm admirentur. </s>
              <s id="s.008825">Pa­
                <lb/>
              lam eſt igitur naturam in cunctis ſolicitam
                <lb/>
              mirum in modum fuiſſe, nec obiter, ſed ex
                <lb/>
              ſententia omnia præuidiſſe,
                <expan abbr="hominéſq;">hominéſque</expan>
              qui­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1239"/>
                <lb/>
              bus hoc beneficium Deus largitus eſt, vt cau­
                <lb/>
              ſam rerum primam
                <expan abbr="inuẽiant">inueniant</expan>
              , participes eſſe
                <lb/>
              illius primæ naturæ:
                <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan>
              alterius eſſe generis
                <lb/>
              naturam, quæ hæc conſtituit, ab
                <expan abbr="illorũ">illorum</expan>
                <expan abbr="mẽte">mente</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
              qui cauſam eorum, cur ita facta ſint, plenè
                <lb/>
              aſſequi potuerunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008826">Nullum itaque ſub terra
                <lb/>
              perpetuò viuens animal ſanguine præditum
                <lb/>
              præter talpam eſt inuentum: nam ſerpentum,
                <lb/>
              & ranarum pernicioſarum quædam genera,
                <lb/>
              non ſolum ſub terra, & in ſepulchris vetu­
                <lb/>
              ſtiſſimis, ſed quòd magis mirum dictu eſt,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1240"/>
                <lb/>
              etiam in ſaxis ſolidis inuenta ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008827">Sed hæc &
                <lb/>
              ſanguine carent propriè, & animal non pa­
                <lb/>
              riunt ſui generis, ſed oua aut nihil. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008828">
                <margin.target id="marg1239"/>
              Homines
                <lb/>
              particeps di­
                <lb/>
              uini conſilij.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008829">
                <margin.target id="marg1240"/>
              Animalia in
                <lb/>
              ſaxis ſolidis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008830">Eſt & aliud generis ambiguæ vitæ, & ab­
                <lb/>
              ſonæ formæ, quod cancri nomine ſignifica­
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.008831">Eius autem plurima ſunt genera, mari­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1241"/>
                <lb/>
              num, & fluuiale. </s>
              <s id="s.008832">Inuenitur & terreſtre, quod
                <lb/>
              in terra latitat, maximè in occidentali India.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008833">Quod caudam, habet, gammarus vocatur,
                <lb/>
              lapides candidos gignit in oculis, cortice de­
                <lb/>
              poſito duriore mollem induit, túncque lapi­
                <lb/>
              des fiunt maximi, abſumpta materia corticis
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1242"/>
                <lb/>
              in lapidibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008834">Cancer verò tranſuerſo latere
                <lb/>
              procedit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008835">
                <margin.target id="marg1241"/>
              Cancri.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008836">
                <margin.target id="marg1242"/>
              Pulſus vni­
                <lb/>
              cuique ani­
                <lb/>
              mali proprij,
                <lb/>
              lib.6. de plac.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.008837">cap.20.
                <lb/>
              Lingua exer­
                <lb/>
              ta à boue
                <lb/>
              palpitat
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
                <lb/>
              per totum
                <lb/>
              diem.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008838">Atque hæc de animalibus portentoſis di­
                <lb/>
              cta ſufficiant. </s>
              <s id="s.008839">Nunc illud ſciendum, quòd ſin­
                <lb/>
              gulis animalibus pulſus, & reſpirationes dif­
                <lb/>
              ferentes ac propriæ ſunt: velut canibus, &
                <lb/>
              capris, quibus & ab homine differunt & in­
                <lb/>
              ter ſe. </s>
              <s id="s.008840">Sed & hanc pulſus rationem membra
                <lb/>
              quædam retinent, quamuis reluctante Ari­
                <lb/>
              ſtotele, & Galeno, iam auulſa à toto: vt lin­
                <lb/>
              gua bouis tota die palpitet, nam vis illa in­
                <lb/>
              dita adhuc manet, ſeu quòd calor ille dum
                <lb/>
              reſoluitur, vt aër in aqua moueat ampullas,
                <lb/>
              nam & lapides ſicci, & vſta cornua, & agal­
                <lb/>
              lochum in aqua ampullas mouent, dum lo­
                <lb/>
              co aëris aqua ingreditur. </s>
              <s id="s.008841">Hoc igitur ſatis mi­
                <lb/>
              rum, quod diximus de bouis lingua, verùm
                <lb/>
              vitulinam in aquam iniectam etiam moueri
                <lb/>
              affirmant, quod ego tamen nondum ſum
                <lb/>
              expertus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008842">Illud mirabilius, quod ſolinus durare etiam
                <lb/>
              ſuis temporibus refert, in Herculis ædem
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1243"/>
                <lb/>
              Romæ, nec canem, nec muſcam ingredi. </s>
              <s id="s.008843">Ac­
                <lb/>
              cepi paucis antè annis, & Venetiis fuiſſe
                <lb/>
              domum muti, in quam muſcæ non ingre­
                <lb/>
              derentur, quæ incendio publico conflagra­
                <lb/>
              uerit. </s>
              <s id="s.008844">An forſan quòd in ſublimi poſita &
                <lb/>
              valde perflata, tum ferro, & marmore rigens,
                <lb/>
              à muſcis deuitaretur? </s>
              <s id="s.008845">nam omnia metalla
                <lb/>
              muſcæ oderunt ob frigiditatem, & quòd
                <lb/>
              difficulter eis hæreant. </s>
              <s id="s.008846">Sed de canibus aliam
                <lb/>
              rationem quærere oportet, niſi forſan in
                <lb/>
              ædiis veſtibulo ſepultum, aut appenſum ali­
                <lb/>
              quid quod refugiant canes. </s>
              <s id="s.008847">Eſt in vrbe no­
                <lb/>
              ſtra Fauſtiniana ædes ſacra, olim à filio B.
                <lb/>
              Philippi, nunc Nabori, ac Felici dicata, iux­
                <lb/>
              ta D. </s>
              <s id="s.008848">Ambroſij templum, quæ cùm vndique
                <lb/>
              pareat, tecto vetuſto, ampliíſque feneſtris,
                <lb/>
              nullam tamen in illam auem ingredi nar­
                <lb/>
              rant: & cùm obſita ſitu ſit, non tamen ara­
                <lb/>
              nearum telis fœdatur: abditis naturæ, aut di­
                <lb/>
              uinioribus cauſis, aut exemplis: nam id cum
                <lb/>
              obſeruatum reciter Bonauentura Caſtellio­
                <lb/>
              neus olim amicus noſter, in libello de Epiſ­
                <lb/>
              copis Mediolanenſibus
                <expan abbr="originéq;">originéque</expan>
              religionis,
                <lb/>
              id nos nondum falſum eſſe deprehendimus.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1244"/>
                <lb/>
              Audiui ſæpiùs à monachis Carthuſianis il­
                <lb/>
              los cimicibus non infeſtari,
                <expan abbr="adeóq;">adeóque</expan>
              multorum
                <lb/>
              teſtimonio, vt pudeat negare quod leuitatis
                <lb/>
              eſt credere. </s>
              <s id="s.008849">Nihilominus hi, quòd carnes
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
                <lb/>
              edant, cauſam afferunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008850">Seu id ſit ob mundi­
                <lb/>
              tiem, aut artem aliam quampiam, nondum
                <lb/>
              aſſequi potui. </s>
              <s id="s.008851">Ego tamen minus laboro quæ­
                <lb/>
              rere cauſam cur ſit, vbi mihi abunde non­
                <lb/>
              dum exploratum eſt ſi ſit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008852">
                <margin.target id="marg1243"/>
              Herculis
                <lb/>
              phanum, nos
                <lb/>
              muſca, nec
                <lb/>
              canis ingre­
                <lb/>
              diebatur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008853">
                <margin.target id="marg1244"/>
              Carthuſiani
                <lb/>
              monachi ci­
                <lb/>
              micibus non
                <lb/>
              infeſtantur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008854">His igitur quæ ad animalium hiſtoriam
                <lb/>
              pertinent explicatis,
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              ad hominis tracta­
                <lb/>
              tionem tendentibus, iure merito dubitatio
                <lb/>
              emergit, quodnam animal homini ſit vtiliſ­
                <lb/>
              ſimum? </s>
              <s id="s.008855">
                <expan abbr="Neq;">Neque</expan>
              diutiùs ambigere decet, cùm
                <lb/>
              equus in omnibus pręferatur: nam
                <expan abbr="ponderib.">ponderibus</expan>
              </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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