Caverni, Raffaello, Storia del metodo sperimentale in Italia, 1891-1900

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              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="020/01/1948.jpg" pagenum="191"/>
              in E, rimossa appena la mano, torna da questa forzata nella prima sua po­
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                <figure id="id.020.01.1948.1.jpg" xlink:href="020/01/1948/1.jpg" number="271"/>
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              <s>Figura 80.
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              sizion naturale? </s>
              <s>E risponde Ari­
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              stotile, supposto che sia ADM il
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              perpendicolo: “ quia DH maior
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              est dimidio ” (ibid.) e perciò dal
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              suo stesso maggior peso è quella
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              maggior parte costretta a scendere
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              nuovamente in basso. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>Tutt'altrimenti avviene, pro­
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              segue a dire il Filosofo, quando
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              il punto di sospensione sia sotto
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              alla Bilancia CN come per esem­
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              pio in M (fig. </s>
              <s>81) perchè rimo­
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              vendo essa Bilancia in OR, se sia
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              MD il perpendicolo, “ plus dimidio fit Librae quae deorsum est pars DO,
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                <figure id="id.020.01.1948.2.jpg" xlink:href="020/01/1948/2.jpg" number="272"/>
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              <s>Figura 81.
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              quam quod perpendiculum secet: qua­
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              propter non ascendit; elevata enim
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              pars levior est: ablato igitur onere,
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              necesse est manere ” (ibid. </s>
              <s>ad tergum). </s>
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              <s>Fra'primi e più conosciuti pro­
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              motori di Aristotile, nel secolo XVI,
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              Niccolò Tartaglia illustrò, nell'una e
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              nell'altra parte della Questione i con­
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              cetti del Filosofo, e solo si compiacque
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              di aver dato della prima “ ragione al­
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              quanto più chiara et miglior figura ”
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              (Quesiti e invenzioni cit., fol. </s>
              <s>79 a t.).
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              La seconda parte della proposta aristo­
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              telica ha da queste precise parole la
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              più piena conferma e il più spiegato commento: “ Per essere adunque la
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              elevata parte DR di menor quantità della inclinata OD, viene a esser più
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              debole, ovver men potente di lei, e però non è atta nè sofficiente a poterla
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              urtare e sforzare a farla ascendere al suo primo loco in C, come fece nella
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              passata, anzi quella resterà così inclinata al basso e la retenerà lei così in
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              aere elevata ” (ivi, fol. </s>
              <s>80). </s>
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              <s>Così Aristotile però come il Tartaglia peccano nel risolvere la Que­
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              stione, commettendo nella prima parte improprietà, e nella seconda un pa­
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              tentissimo errore. </s>
              <s>Guidubaldo del Monte si potè salvare dall'uno e dall'altro
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              fallo, dimostrando la sua II e III proposizione
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              De libra
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              col principio de'cen­
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              tri di gravità, i quali, secondo che riescon sotto o sopra al punto della so­
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              spensione, rendono alla macchina e al corpo o stabile o no l'equilibrio. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>Nella detta proposizione II, che corrisponde al primo caso della Que­
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              stione aristotelica, considera Guidubaldo che, rimossa la Libbra, il centro di
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              gravità D nella precedente figura LXXX s'è dovuto trasferire in G fuori </s>
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