Benedetti, Giovanni Battista de, Io. Baptistae Benedicti ... Diversarvm specvlationvm mathematicarum, et physicarum liber : quarum seriem sequens pagina indicabit ; [annotated and critiqued by Guidobaldo Del Monte]

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          <div xml:id="echoid-div387" type="chapter" level="2" n="4">
            <div xml:id="echoid-div430" type="section" level="3" n="30">
              <p>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2260" xml:space="preserve">
                  <pb o="188" rhead="IO. BAPT BENED." n="200" file="0200" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/163127KK/pageimg/0200"/>
                tur continetur calor, & non in motu ipſius ſolis, & ita in lumine ſedem habet, ut fi ſol
                  <lb/>
                quieſceret, neque in orbe ſuo circumager etur, infęliciſſima eſſet ea regio, in cuiu;
                  <lb/>
                </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2261" xml:space="preserve">Zenith ipſe reperiretur.</s>
              </p>
            </div>
            <div xml:id="echoid-div431" type="section" level="3" n="31">
              <head xml:id="echoid-head303" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Vnde caloris ſolis prode at incrementum & state, et byeme
                <lb/>
              decrementum.</head>
              <head xml:id="echoid-head304" xml:space="preserve">CAP. XXXI.</head>
              <p>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2262" xml:space="preserve">CVm capite ſuperiore oſtenderim calorem ſolis non aliunde, quàm à lumine
                  <lb/>
                prouenire, oſtendam nunc ex ordine, ex quot,
                  <reg norm="quibusque" type="simple">quibusq́;</reg>
                cauſis oriatur magna
                  <lb/>
                differentia eius caloris æſtatis ad hyemem, quarum nonnullæ ab antiquis obſerua-
                  <lb/>
                tæ fuerunt, aliæ autem à nemine, quod ſciam. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2263" xml:space="preserve">Sunt autem quinque ad minus eæ cau
                  <lb/>
                ſæ, quarum vna eft diuturna folis mora, tempore æſtatis ſupra orizontem, quæ cau-
                  <lb/>
                ſa ab antiquis pofita, & citata fuit. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2264" xml:space="preserve">Aliam quoque huius rei cauſam iidem antiqui
                  <lb/>
                dicebant eſſe propinquitatem ſolis noftro Zenith, ſed hæc cauſa immediata non
                  <lb/>
                eſt, quia ab ea tres caufæ immediatæ naſcuntur; </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2265" xml:space="preserve">quarum vna eft maior unio radij re
                  <lb/>
                flexi cum radio incidenti; </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2266" xml:space="preserve">ſecunda maior quantitas luminis in ſuperficie terrę;
                  <lb/>
                </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2267" xml:space="preserve">tertia, minor
                  <reg norm="reſiſtentia" type="context">reſiſtẽtia</reg>
                vaporum ipſi radio luminoſo facta; </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2268" xml:space="preserve">quarta verò eft impresfio
                  <lb/>
                caloris facta in terra, quæ cum aliis caufis coniuncta calorem adauget. quæ quidem
                  <lb/>
                caufæ nemini adhuc, quod fciam, in
                  <reg norm="mentem" type="context">mentẽ</reg>
                venerunt. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2269" xml:space="preserve">Quòd autem attinet ad ma-
                  <lb/>
                iorem coniunctionem radii reſlexi cum incidente, quiſque, uel ſaltem mediocriter
                  <lb/>
                in cathoptricę cognitione verſatus hoc verum eſſe cognoſcet. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2270" xml:space="preserve">Vt hoc tamen in-
                  <lb/>
                noteſcat facilius. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2271" xml:space="preserve">Imaginemur
                  <var>.q.p.</var>
                et
                  <var>.b.d.</var>
                eſſe duas particulas ęquales ſuperficiei
                  <lb/>
                ipfius terræ, ſuper quas cadant duo radii luminofi ſolis
                  <var>.e.q.</var>
                et
                  <var>.n.d.</var>
                quorum
                  <var>.e.q.</var>
                fit ad
                  <lb/>
                modum obliquus, et
                  <var>.n.d.</var>
                quaſi perpendicularis, vnde radii reſlexi
                  <var>.p.a.</var>
                et
                  <var>.b.u.</var>
                aſcen
                  <lb/>
                dent cum angulis æqualibus eis, qui funt ſuorum cadentium, cum omnis angulus re-
                  <lb/>
                flexionis femper æqualis ſit angulo ſuæ incidentię, vt cuilibet in cathoptrica, vel me
                  <lb/>
                diocriter verfato pater. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2272" xml:space="preserve">Mixtio autem primorum obliquorum erit
                  <var>.q.o.p.</var>
                & ea, quæ
                  <lb/>
                eft minus obliquorum
                  <var>.b.i.d.</var>
                quorum duorum triangulorum nullus unquam erit, qui
                  <lb/>
                dubitare posfit
                  <var>.q.o.p.</var>
                non eſſe minorem
                  <var>.b.i.d.</var>
                cum anguli
                  <var>.q.</var>
                et
                  <var>.p.</var>
                trianguli
                  <var>.q.o.p.</var>
                a-
                  <lb/>
                cutiores ſint angulis
                  <var>.b.</var>
                et
                  <var>.d.</var>
                trianguli
                  <var>.b.i.d.</var>
                ex ſuppoſito. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2273" xml:space="preserve">Quòd uero attinet ad ma
                  <lb/>
                iorem quantitatem luminis ſuper terræ ſuperſiciem; </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2274" xml:space="preserve">Imaginemur radium
                  <var>.a.q.</var>
                cuius
                  <lb/>
                reſpectu etiam imagine mur duos ſuperficiei terræ ſitus, quorum vnus fit
                  <var>.q.o</var>
                : cui di-
                  <lb/>
                ctus radius fit perpendicularis, & alter
                  <var>.q.p.</var>
                cui radius
                  <var>.a.q.</var>
                ex obliquo incidat. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2275" xml:space="preserve">Ima-
                  <lb/>
                ginemur ergo triangulum
                  <var>.q.o.p.</var>
                cuius angulus
                  <var>.o.</var>
                rectus eſt ex ſuppoſito, unde
                  <var>.q.o.</var>
                  <lb/>
                minor erit
                  <var>.q.p.</var>
                ex .18. primi Euclidis. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2276" xml:space="preserve">hinc fit, vt ſuper
                  <var>.q.o.</var>
                cadat vniuerſum lumen,
                  <lb/>
                quod ſuper
                  <var>.q.p.</var>
                diffunditur. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2277" xml:space="preserve">Sit
                  <var>.q.u.</var>
                æqualis
                  <var>.q.o.</var>
                & fit imaginatione protracta
                  <var>.u.n.</var>
                  <lb/>
                æquidiftans
                  <var>.p.o.a.</var>
                vnde
                  <var>.q.u.</var>
                illuminata erit à radio
                  <var>.n.q.</var>
                minore radio
                  <var>.a.q.</var>
                ergo mi-
                  <lb/>
                nus calida erit ſuperficies
                  <var>.q.u.</var>
                ipſius terræ, quàm.q.o. quia maius lumen in ſe maio-
                  <lb/>
                rem calorem includit: </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2278" xml:space="preserve">quod manifeſtè apparet in radiorum vnione mediante refle-
                  <lb/>
                xione, aut refractione. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2279" xml:space="preserve">Sed quod attinet ad minorem refiſtentiam vaporum ad ip-
                  <lb/>
                ſum radium luminoſum, etfi primo capite meæ Gnomonicæ leuiter id attigerim, ni
                  <lb/>
                hilominus tamen, & idem ipſum hoc loco proponam. </s>
                <s xml:id="echoid-s2280" xml:space="preserve">Denotetur, exempli gratia,
                  <lb/>
                ſuperficies terræ ab
                  <var>.o.g.</var>
                et ea, quæ eft vaporum ab
                  <var>.n.a.</var>
                ſupponatur etiam ſol in fitu.</s>
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