Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

Table of figures

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        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="163"/>
            <figure number="90"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s>A—UPRIGHT AXLE. B—BLOCK. C—ROOF BEAM. D—WHEEL. E—TOOTHED-DRUM.
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              F—HORIZONTAL AXLE. G—DRUM COMPOSED OF RUNDLES. H—DRAWING ROPE.
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              I—POLE. K—UPRIGHT POSTS. L—CLEATS ON THE WHEEL.
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              wheel made of thick planks joined firmly together, and at its upper end a
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              toothed drum; this toothed drum turns another drum made of rundles, which
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              is on a horizontal axle. </s>
              <s>A winding-rope is wound around this latter axle,
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              which turns in iron bearings set in the beams. </s>
              <s>So that they may not fall, the
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              two workmen grasp with their hands a pole fixed to two upright posts, and
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              then pushing the cleats of the lower wheel backward with their feet, they
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              revolve the machine; as often as they have drawn up and emptied one
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              bucket full of excavated material, they turn the machine in the opposite
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              direction and draw out another.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>The fourth machine raises burdens once and a half as large again as the
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              two machines first explained. </s>
              <s>When it is made, sixteen beams are erected
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              each forty feet long, one foot thick and one foot wide, joined at the top with
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              clamps and widely separated at the bottom. </s>
              <s>The lower ends of all of
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              them are mortised into separate sills laid flat upon the ground; these sills
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              are five feet long, a foot and a half wide, and a foot thick. </s>
              <s>Each beam is also
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              connected with its sill by a post, whose upper end is mortised into the beam </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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