Alberti, Leone Battista
,
Architecture
,
1755
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Anceſtors, when, having overcome their Ene
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mies, they were endeavouring with all their
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Power to enlarge the Confines of their Em
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pire, uſed to ſet up Statues and Terms to mark
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the Courſe of their Victories, and to diſtinguiſh
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the Limits of their Conqueſts. </
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<
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>This was the
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Origin of Pyramids, Obelisks, and the like
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Monuments for the Diſtinction of Limits.
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<
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>Afterwards being willing to make ſome Ac
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knowledgment to the Gods for the Victories
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which they had gained, they dedicated Part of
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their Plunder to Heaven, and conſecrated the
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publick Rejoycings to Religion. </
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<
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>This gave
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Riſe to Altars, Chapels, and other Monuments
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neceſſary for their Purpoſes. </
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<
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>They were alſo
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deſirous of eternizing their Memory to Poſte
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rity, and of making even their Perſons, as well
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as Virtues known to future Ages. </
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<
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>This pro
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duced Trophies, Spoils, Statues, Inſcriptions,
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and the like Inventions for propagating the
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Fame of great Exploits. </
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<
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>People of lower Rank
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too, tho' not eminent for any particular Ser
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vice done their Country, but only for their
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Wealth or Proſperity, were fond of imitating
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the ſame Practice, in which many different
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Methods have been taken. </
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<
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>The Terms erected
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by
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Bacchus,
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at the End of his Progreſs thro'
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India,
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were Stones ſet up at certain Diſtances,
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and great Trees with their Trunks encom
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paſſed with Ivy. </
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<
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>At
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Lyſimachia
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was a very
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large Altar, which was ſet up by the
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Argo
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nauts,
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when they paſſed by that Place in their
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Voyage.
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Pauſanias,
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on the Banks of the Ri
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ver
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Hippanis,
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near the Black Sea, fixed a huge
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Vaſe of Braſs, ſix Inches thick, which would
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contain ſix hundred * Amphoras.
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Alexander,
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near the River
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Alceſtes,
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which falls into the
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Ocean, erected twelve Altars of prodigious large
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ſquare Stones, and near the
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Tanais
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ſurrounded
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all the Space of Ground which his Army took
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up in its Encampment, with a Wall which
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was ſeven Miles and an half in Compaſs.
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Darius,
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having ſet down his Camp near
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Oth
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ryſia,
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upon the River
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Arteſroe,
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commanded
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his Soldiers to throw each of them one Stone
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in different Heaps, which being very large
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and numerous, might fill Poſterity with Aſ
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toniſhment.
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Seſoſtris,
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in his Wars, erected an
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Obelisk with handſome Inſcriptions, in Ho
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nour of thoſe who made a brave Reſiſtance
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againſt him; but thoſe who ſubmitted baſely
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he branded with Infamy, by ſetting up Obe
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lisks and Columns with the Pudenda of a Wo
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man carved upon them.
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Jaſon,
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in all the
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Countries thro' which he paſſed, erected
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Temples in his own Honour, which we are
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told were all demoliſhed by
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Parmenio,
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to the
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Intent, that no Memorial might any where
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remain but that of
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Alexander.
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<
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> Theſe were
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Monuments erected during the Expeditions
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themſelves; others, ſuch as follow, were raiſed
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after the Victory obtained, and the Conqueſt
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compleated. </
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<
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>In the Temple of
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Pallas, the
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Diligent
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hung the Shackles with which the
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Lacedemonians
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had been fettered. </
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<
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>The
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Evi
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ans
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not only preſerved in their Temple the
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Stone with which the
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Phymian
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King ſlew the
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King of
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Machienſes,
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but even worſhiped it as
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a God. </
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<
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>The
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Æginetæ
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dedicated to their
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Temple the Beaks of the Ships which they
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took from their Enemies. </
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<
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>In Imitation of
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them
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Auguſtus,
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having overcome the
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Ægyp
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tians,
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erected four Trophies of the Beaks of
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their Ships; which were afterwards removed
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to the Capitol by the Emperor
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Domitian, Ju
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lius Cæſar
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had before raiſed two of the ſame
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Sort, one upon the Roſtrum, and the other
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before the Senate, upon defeating the
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Cartha
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ginians
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in a naval Engagement. </
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<
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>Why need I
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mention that infinite Number of Towers,
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Temples, Obelisks, Pyramids, Labyrinths, and
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the like Works which we read of in Hiſtori
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ans? </
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<
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>I ſhall only obſerve, that this Deſire of
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perpetuating their Names by ſuch Structures,
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roſe to ſuch a Pitch among the Heroes of old,
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that they even built Towns for no other Pur
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poſe, calling them by their own Names to de
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liver them down to Poſterity.
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Alexander,
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not
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to mention many others, beſides thoſe Cities
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which he built in Honour of his own Name,
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went ſo far as to build one after the Name of his
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Horſe
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Bucephalus.
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<
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> But in my Opinion, what
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Pompey
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did was much more decent; when having
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defeated
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Mithridates
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in the lower
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Armenia,
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he
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built the City
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Nicopolis
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(or of Victory) in the
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very Place where he had been Conqueror. </
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<
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>But
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Seleucus
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ſeems to have far outſtript all theſe;
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ſor he built three Cities in Honour of his
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Wife, and called them
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Apamia;
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five in Ho
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nour of his Mother, by the Name of
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Laodicea;
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nine called
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Seleucia,
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in Honour of his own
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Name; and ten in Memory of his Father,
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which were called
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Antiocha.
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</
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<
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> Others have made
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themſelves famous to Poſterity, not ſo much
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by Magnificence and Expence, as by ſome par
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ticular new Invention.
<
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Cæſar,
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with the Berries
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of the Laurel which he had worn in Triumph,
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planted a Grove which he conſecrated to fu
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ture Triumphers. </
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>
<
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>Near
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Aſcalon
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in
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Syria,
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was
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