Alberti, Leone Battista, Architecture, 1755

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              <s>THE
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              ARCHITECTURE
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              OF
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              Leone Batiſta Alberti.
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              <s>BOOK VIII. CHAP. I.</s>
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              Of the Ornaments of the great Ways eitherwithin or without the City, and of
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              the proper Places for interring or burning the Bodies of the Dead.
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              <s>We have formerly obſerved, that the
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              Ornaments annexed to all Sorts of
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              Buildings make an eſſential Part of
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              Architecture, and it is manifeſt that
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              every Kind of Ornament is not proper for every
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              Kind of Structure. </s>
              <s>Thus we are to endeavour,
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              to the utmoſt of our Power, to make our ſacred
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              Works, eſpecially if they are of a publick Na­
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              ture, as compleatly adorned as poſſible, as be­
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              ing intended for the Honour of the Gods;
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              whereas profane Structures are deſigned en­
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              tirely for Men. </s>
              <s>The meaner therefore ought
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              to yield to the more honourable; but yet they
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              too may be embelliſhed with ſuch Ornaments
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              as are ſuitable to them. </s>
              <s>In what Manner ſacred
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              Buildings of a publick Nature are to be adorn­
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              ed, we have ſhewn in the laſt Book: We now
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              come to profane Structures, and to give an Ac­
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              count what Ornaments are proper to each diſ­
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              tinct Sort of them. </s>
              <s>And firſt I ſhall take No­
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              tice, that all Ways are publick Works, as being
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              contrived for the Uſe of the Citizens, and the
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              Convenience of Strangers: But as there are
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              Travellers by Water as well as by Land, we
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              ſhall ſay ſomething of both. </s>
              <s>And here it will
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              be proper to call to Mind what has been ſaid
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              elſewhere, that of Ways ſome are properly
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              Highways, others in a Manner but private
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              ones; as alſo, that there muſt be a Difference
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              between the Ways within the City, and thoſe
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              in the Country. </s>
              <s>Highways in the Country re­
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              ceive their greateſt Beauty from the Country
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              itſelf through which they lie, from its being
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              rich, well cultivated, full of Houſes and Villa­
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              ges, affording delightful Proſpects, now of the
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              Sea, now of a fine Hill, now a River, now a
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              Spring, now a barren Spot and a Rock, now a
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              fine Plain, Wood, or Valley; nor will it be a
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              ſmall Addition to its Beauty, that it be not
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              ſteep, broken by Precipices, or deep with Dirt;
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              but clear, ſmooth, ſpacious and open on all
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              Sides: and what Pains were not the Ancients
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              at to obtain theſe Advantages? </s>
              <s>I ſhall not
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              waſte the Reader's Time to relate how they
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              paved their Highways for above an hundred
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              Miles round their Capital with extreme hard
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              Stones, raiſing ſolid Cauſeways under them
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              with huge Stones all the Way. </s>
              <s>The
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              Appian
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              Way was paved from
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              Rome
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              quite to
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              Brunduſium.
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              In many Places along their Highways we ſee
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              Rocks demoliſhed, Mountains levelled, Vallies
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              raiſed, Hills cut through, with incredible Ex­
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              pence and miraculous Labour; Works of great
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              Uſe and Glory. </s>
              <s>Another great Embelliſhment
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              to a Highway, is its furniſhing Travellers with
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              frequent Occaſion of Diſcourſe, eſpecially upon
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              notable Subjects. </s>
              <s>A Friend or Companion that
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              is not ſparing of his Speech, ſays
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              Laberius,
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              up­
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              on a Journey is as good as a Vehicle; and
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              there is no doubt but Diſcourſe takes of much </s>
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