Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
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<
pb
pagenum
="
178
"/>
<
figure
number
="
100
"/>
<
p
type
="
caption
">
<
s
>A—ERECT TIMBER. B—AXLE. C—SWEEP WHICH TURNS ABOUT THE AXLE. D—PISTON
<
lb
/>
ROD. E—CROSS-BAR. F—RING WITH WHICH TWO PIPES ARE GENERALLY JOINED.
<
lb
/>
an iron axle, so fastened in the holes in the fork that it remains fixed, and
<
lb
/>
the sweep turns on this axle. </
s
>
<
s
>In one end of the sweep the upper end of a
<
lb
/>
piston-rod is fastened with an iron key; at the other end a cross-bar is also
<
lb
/>
fixed, to the extreme ends of which are handles to enable it to be held more
<
lb
/>
firmly in the hands. </
s
>
<
s
>And so when the workman pulls the cross-bar upward,
<
lb
/>
he forces the piston into the pipe; when he pushes it down again he draws
<
lb
/>
the piston out of the pipe; and thus the piston carries up the water which
<
lb
/>
has been drawn in at the openings of the disc, and the water flows away through
<
lb
/>
the spout into the drains. </
s
>
<
s
>This pump, like the next one, is identical with
<
lb
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the first in all that relates to the piston, disc, trunk, box, and valve.</
s
>
</
p
>
<
p
type
="
main
">
<
s
>The third pump is not unlike the one just described, but in place of
<
lb
/>
one upright, posts are erected with holes at the top, and in these holes the
<
lb
/>
ends of an axle revolve. </
s
>
<
s
>To the middle of this axle are fixed two wooden
<
lb
/>
bars, to the end of one of which is fixed the piston, and to the end of the
<
lb
/>
other a heavy piece of wood, but short, so that it can pass between the two
<
lb
/>
posts and may move backward and forward. </
s
>
<
s
>When the workman pushes
<
lb
/>
this piece of wood, the piston is drawn out of the pipe; when it returns by its </
s
>
</
p
>
</
chap
>
</
body
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</
text
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archimedes
>