Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

Table of figures

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          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="570" xlink:href="016/01/217.jpg"/>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009898">
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              De motu
                <lb/>
              cordis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009899">
                <margin.target id="marg1385"/>
              Cur exco­
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              riato vmbi­
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              lico homo
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              moriatur.</s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.217.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/217/1.jpg" number="84"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009900">
                <emph type="center"/>
              LIBER TRIGESIMVSTERTIVS.
                <emph.end type="center"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009901">
                <emph type="center"/>
              De ſenſibus, ſenſibuſque ac
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              voluptate.
                <emph.end type="center"/>
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1386"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009902">
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              Demonſtra­
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              tio, quæ non
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              ſint niſi
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              quinque ſen­
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              ſus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009903">PRINCIPO igitur cùm tria
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              nobis eſſent neceſſaria, con­
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              ſeruatio hominum, beatitu­
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              do, & generis eorum ſem­
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              piternitas, conſeruationi ſen­
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              ſus, beatitudini mens, ſempiternitati gene­
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              ris vis genitalis, quæ propagatione natu­
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              ram continuaret, attributa ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.009904">horum
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              cùm tres ſint differentiæ, totidem etiam ſunt
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              excellentiæ: Mens finis nobilitate: Genita­
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              lis vis diuturnitate: Senſus commodorum
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              multitudine præcellunt. </s>
              <s id="s.009905">Etenim & ob co­
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              gnitionem ipſam propriam, & mentis ſa­
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              lutem ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.009906">Vnde quinque eſſe neceſſe eſt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.009907">Ea enim, quæ nobis occurrunt, partim pro­
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              xima ſunt, partim remota. </s>
              <s id="s.009908">Quæ autem pro­
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              xima, vel exterius occurrunt, horumque gra­
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              tia ſenſus tactus eſt conſtitutus: vel intùs
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              aſſumuntur, & ea cùm non niſi nobis vo­
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              lentibus intus aſſumantur, olfactu antea ex­
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              plorare ſatis eſt: nam iam aſſumpta, guſtus
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              depræhendit. </s>
              <s id="s.009909">Ea verò quæ non tanguntur,
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              occurrunt autem, vt fugere poſſemus, cum
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              directè obuiant, viſu præuidentur: cum au­
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              tem ex obliquo, aërem mouere coguntur
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              atque ſtrepitum facere, cui auditus præfici­
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              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.009910">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd quinque
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              ſenſibus opus nobis, & animalibus perfe­
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              ctioribus erat: ſextum autem ſi natura con­
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              ſtituiſſet, nulli vſui futurum. </s>
              <s id="s.009911">Itaque tantum
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              erunt quinque ſenſius. </s>
              <s id="s.009912">Tentauit & hoc Ari­
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              ſtoteles demonſtrare, ſed communibus aſ­
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              ſumptionibus vſus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.009913">Verum verò præter
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              hæc quinque ſenſilia nullum aliud in rebus
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              ſit, ex finis ratione, quanquam perſpicuum
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              videatur, magnam tamen habet ambigui­
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              tatem: ne non lateat aliqua qualitas no­
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              bis ignota: velut & id quo canes depræ­
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              hendunt dominos, quanquam ad odorem
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              pertinere videatur, an fortè melius eſt ali­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1387"/>
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              quid atque præſtantius quod ſentit? </s>
              <s id="s.009914">Com­
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              munia verò omnibus ſenſilia, & ipſa ſunt
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              quinque magnitudo, numerus, motus,
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              quies, & forma. </s>
              <s id="s.009915">Hæc omnia ſolus viſus
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              perfectè aſſequitur, quòd illis indigeret in
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              luce: tactus minus perfectè, quòd ei opus
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              ſit ſolum hæc diſtinguere in tenebris, dum
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              oculis non valemus: nam dum oculis vale­
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              mus, ſufficit tactui, vt propria cognoſcat
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1388"/>
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              ſenſilia. </s>
              <s id="s.009916">Sunt autem, calidum, frigidum, hu­
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              midum, ſiccum, graue, leue, molle, durum,
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              lentum, friabile, lene, aſperum.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1389"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009917">
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              Communia
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              ſenſilia, &
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              ipſa quinque.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009918">
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              Senſus tactus
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              obiecta.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009919">
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              Ouulus ſex
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              cauſis præ­
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              ſtantior aliis
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              ſenſibus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009920">Nobiliſſimus autem viſus inter omnia,
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              quæ exterius comprehendunt: quòd procul
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              magis, quòd plura, quòd exquiſitius, quòd
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              celerius, quòd ſub pluribus differentiis,
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              quòd diuinius. </s>
              <s id="s.009921">Procul cognoſcere quis du­
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              bitat, cum ſtellas aſſequatur? </s>
              <s id="s.009922">Plura verò,
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              quòd nihil luce aut colore certo careat, quæ
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              ambo oculi ſunt obiecta prima. </s>
              <s id="s.009923">Exquiſi­
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              tiſſimè etiam, nam nullus ſenſus adeò mi­
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              nutas rerum differentias compræhendit vt
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              ille. </s>
              <s id="s.009924">Celerrimè, vt cum ſolus illicò: nam
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              auris ſoni aduentum expectat, & odoratus
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              reſpiratione indiget. </s>
              <s id="s.009925">Differentias plures
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              agnoſcit colorum, & omnia ( vt dixi) com­
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              munia ſenſilia, vel ſolus, vel maximè cum
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              ad tactum confertur. </s>
              <s id="s.009926">Diuinius, vt qui ſolus
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              nihil afficiatur ſentiendo nec laboret, ſo­
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              luſque intellectui inter ſenſus ſimillimus
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              exiſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.009927">Itaque nihil mirum eſt, ſi natura
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              nos ad timorem compulit in tenebris, vtque
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              optimo duce deſtitutos. </s>
              <s id="s.009928">Ergo non nigredo
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              non obſcuritas tenebrarum nos ad timen­
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              dum impulit, ſed quòd oculi auxilio ca­
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              rentes, imbecilles & omni iniuriæ expoſiti
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              videamur. </s>
              <s id="s.009929">Quòd autem ita ſit, oſtendit ſo­
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              cietas, quæ timorem alleuiat, cum tamen
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              nigredo, & obſcuritas maneant: vixque vl­
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              lus, ſit qui inter multos familiares etiam
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              in denſiſſimis tenebris timeat, quodque in
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              ignotis locis, & inſolitis magis timea­
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              mus, quam conſuetis. </s>
              <s id="s.009930">Igitur oculi ipſi pro
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                <lb/>
              tot amicis ac ſatellitibus ſunt præſidio. </s>
              <s id="s.009931">Ea
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              de cauſa ſolùm oculum natura muniuit pal­
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              pebris, vt ſolus tanquam rex nec inuitus la­
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              borare cogeretur, nec cum nollet ociari,
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              ſed arbitrium videret, quæ vellet, abſtine­
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              ret ſi odiſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.009932">At auris etiam, quæ nolit,
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              cogitur audire, & tactus ſentire. </s>
              <s id="s.009933">Tenuiſſi­
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              mæ autem ſubſtantiæ oculum eſſe ac ſen­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1391"/>
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              tiendi viſum, indicant tria: quòd exquiſi­
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              tiſſimè diiudicet, quòd imago rei viſæ in
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              nullo ſubiecto conſtat: nam ſi conſtaret,
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              in aere maximè haberet ſedem, atque ob
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              id flatibus ventorum velleretur, quod haud
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              contingit: denique quod Venere, proflu­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1392"/>
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              uio ſanguinis, & his, quæ ſanguinem
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              cogunt maximè lædatur: igitur optimum
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              in nobis etiam eſt, quod ſubtiliſſimum.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.009934">Hic ſenſus in aqueo collocatur, tum quia
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              lucem, & lumen in perſpicua re collocari ne­
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              ceſſe erat: at diximus aërem miſtionem non
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              ingredi, itaque in ſola aqua
                <expan abbr="cõſtitui">conſtitui</expan>
              poterat?
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              </s>
              <s id="s.009935">ſpiritus etiam in calido vel ſicco tam tenues
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              conſumpti fuiſſent. </s>
              <s id="s.009936">Nec neceſſaria fuit ſicci­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1393"/>
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              tas ad continendum ſpecies, vt iudicium ſe­
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              quatur, cum lux ac lumen maneant. </s>
              <s id="s.009937">Sonus
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              verò cùm haud maneat, ſeruari in ſenſu de­
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              buit, vt iudicium ſequeretur: ob id ſonus in
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              ſicco poſitus fuit. </s>
              <s id="s.009938">Igitur quia oculus in frigi­
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              do, & humido, odoratus facultas in calido, & </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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