Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              ſicco ſunt conſtituta, atque in propinquis
                <lb/>
              locis, qui benè ac procul vident, debilem
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              habent olfactum: & qui benè olfaciunt,
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              plerunque haud procul vident: lumine igi­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1394"/>
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              tur oculus ac colore vtitur. </s>
              <s id="s.009939">Sed coloris plu­
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              ra ſunt genera. </s>
              <s id="s.009940">Ariſtoteles in ſeptem diui­
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              dit, eiſque totidem coaptat ſapores, vt iu­
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              cundiſſimi iucundiſſimis, triſtiſſimi triſtiſſi­
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              mis, medij mediis reſpondeant. </s>
              <s id="s.009941">Nos poſt­
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              quam ad ſeptem redegiſſe conſpeximus,
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              cùm nullum numeris tribuat honorem, rati
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              è numero erraticarum ſumpſiſſe, erraticis
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              colores, & ſapores dicauimus.
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Albus flauus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Dulcis pinguis
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Venus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Croceus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Auſterus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Iupiter
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Puniceus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Acerbus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Luna
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Purpureus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Acidus
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              Mercurius.
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Viridis
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Acutus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Sol
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Caruleus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Salſus
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Mars
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Niger fuſcus.
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Amarus aſper
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Saturnus.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1395"/>
              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009942">
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              Cur palpe­
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              bræ.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009943">
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              Oculi ſen­
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              ſum eſſe te­
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              nuiſſimum.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009944">
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              Viſus in
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              aqueo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009945">
                <margin.target id="marg1393"/>
              Cur qui be­
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              nè vident,
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              procul malè
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              odorant, &
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              verſa vice.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009946">
                <margin.target id="marg1394"/>
              Septem ſa­
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              porum &
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              colorum ge­
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              nera.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009947">
                <margin.target id="marg1395"/>
              Cur non ſe­
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              ptem odo­
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              rum, & ſono­
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              rum, & qua­
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              litatum ſen­
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              ſibilium ge­
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              nera.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.009948">Factus qua­
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              druplex.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009949">Sed cur non in odoribus ac ſonis, & ſen­
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              ſibilibus qualitatibus totidem genera? </s>
              <s id="s.009950">In
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              ſenſibilibus quidem qualitatibus plura erant
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              ſenſuſque tactus non vnus eſt: nam ſenſus
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              tactus quadruplex videtur. </s>
              <s id="s.009951">Vnus qui cali­
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              dum, frigidum, humens, ſiccumque diiu­
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              dicat. </s>
              <s id="s.009952">Secundus, qui dolorem agnoſcit, &
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              voluptatem. </s>
              <s id="s.009953">Tertius autem, qui propriè
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              Veneris gaudia percipit, cùm nulla alia cor­
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              poris parte talem affectum, aut illi ſimilem
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              ſentiamus. </s>
              <s id="s.009954">Quartus eſt, qui graue & leue
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              diſtinguit. </s>
              <s id="s.009955">Aſperum verò, & lene percipit,
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              quòd & dolorem, & voluptatem. </s>
              <s id="s.009956">Nam aſ­
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              perum eſt, quod moleſtia afficit, lene quod
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              iucundum: friabile & lentum ratione per­
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              cipiuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.009957">Itaque quatuor ſunt tangendi
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              modi: nec conuenit tot modis ſeptem ſo­
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              lùm aſſignare differentias. </s>
              <s id="s.009958">In olfactu late­
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              bant propriæ qualitates, & earum diſcrimi­
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              na, quòd is ſenſus in nobis ſit imbecillimus
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              in ſonis verò cùm ab vno tantùm proficiſ­
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              cerentur principio, non autem à primis qua­
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              tuor qualitatibus, tot genera inuenire fuit
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              impoſſibile: igitur cur ſolùm in guſtu, & vi­
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              ſu, ſatis eſt manifeſtum.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009959">
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              Ratio com­
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              præhendendi
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              diſtantiam,
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              inde altitu­
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              dinem turris
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              cum ſpeculo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009960">Quanta verò poſſit oculus, vel his duo­
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              bus accipe ex perimentis. </s>
              <s id="s.009961">Primò quidem cùm
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              ſpeculo altitudinem, & diſtantiam turris, in­
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              de etiam profundum maris metiri poteris.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.009962">Conſtituto ſpeculo, cacumen turris ex illo
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              inſpice, diſtantiamque à pedibus tuis per vl­
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              nas metieris: inde loco diligenter ſpeculi ſi­
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              gnato, paululùm per vlnas numero cognitas
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              recedere à priore loco cum ſpeculo, tantum­
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              que teipſum remoue, vt videas rurſus cacu­
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              men turris. </s>
              <s id="s.009963">Diſtantiam igitur locorum ſpe­
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              culi, in diſtantiam ſpeculi à pedibus in ſe­
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              cundo ſitu ducito: & quòd prouenit, diuide
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              per differentiam pedum, & ſpeculi in primo
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              atque in ſecundo ſitu: & quod exit: eſt nu­
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              merus vlnarum diſtantiæ ſpeculi in ſecundo
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              ſitu ab imo turris. </s>
              <s id="s.009964">Hac inuenta altitudinem
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              oculi tui ducito in diſtantiam iam inuentam
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              ſpeculi ab imo turris, & hanc diuide per di­
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              ſtantiam ſpeculi, & pedum tuorum in ſecun­
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              do ſitu, & exiens eſt numerus vlnarum alti­
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              tudinis. </s>
              <s id="s.009965">Exemplum: Sit diſtantia pedum, ac
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              ſpeculi vlnæ duodecim, ſitus verò ſpeculi ſe­
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              cundi à primo vlnarum quatuor, tuncque
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              pedes diſtent à ſpeculo vlnis quatuordecim,
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              altitudo verò mea vlnæ ſex: ducito quatuor
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              diſtantiam locorum ſpeculi in quatuorde­
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              cim diſtantiam ſpeculi, & pedum in ſecun­
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              do ſitu, & fiunt vlnæ quinquaginta ſex,
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              quas diuide per duo, differentiam quatuor­
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              decim, & duodecim diſtantiarum pedum,
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              & ſpeculi, exeunt vlnæ viginti octo diſtan­
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              tiæ ſpeculi in ſecundo ſitu ab imo turris:
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              hanc multiplica per ſex altitudinem tuam,
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              fiunt centum ſexagintaocto: diuide per di­
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              ſtantiam ſpeculi, & pedum tuorum in ſecun­
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              do ſitu, & fuit quatuordecim: exibunt duo­
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              decim vlnæ altitudinis turris. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009966">Eodem modo maris altitudinem metie­
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              mur: Nam poſito ſpeculo ſupra oculos
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              ſic vt lapidem videamus è puppi, quem pro­
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              ræ ſubiacentem directè exiſtimamus, detra­
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              hemus duplum diſtantiæ pedum à ſpeculi
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              directo, ex ſpacio loco lapidis directè ſu­
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              perpoſito, & pedum tuorum intercepto,
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              reſidiuumque ducemus in altitudinem ſpe­
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              culi ſupra oculos tuos & quod produci­
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              tur, diuidemus per diſtantiam pedum duo­
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              rum & ſpeculi, exibitque profunditas
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              maris. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009967">
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              Quomodo
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              viſo lapide
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              in imo maris
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              altitudinem
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              illius ſcire
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              liceat.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009968">Ergo tales ſunt oculi vires, & ex infini­
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              tis hæc duo ſeligeremus faciliora exempla:
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              verùm omnis ſenſus cognitis maximè gau­
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              det cognita in auditu vocantur conſonantia:
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              in viſu pulchra. </s>
              <s id="s.009969">Quid igitur eſt pulchritu­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1398"/>
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              do? </s>
              <s id="s.009970">Res viſui perfectè cognita, incognita
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              amare non poſſumus: ea autem agnoſcit vi­
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              ſus, quæ ſimpliciter conſtant proportione
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              dupla, tripla, quadrupla, ſeſquialtera, ſeſ­
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              quitertia, vt de humana facie diximus:
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              cùm igitur columnis ea ratione diſpoſitis,
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              aut arboribus: aut faciei partibus, illicò in
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              illis æqualitatem, & ſymmetriam intelli­
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              git, delectatur. </s>
              <s id="s.009971">Eſt enim delectatio in co­
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              gnoſcendo, vt non cognoſcendo triſtitia.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.009972">Porrò obſcura, imperfectáque ob id non co­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1399"/>
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              gnoſcuntur, quòd ſint infinita, confuſa, in­
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              determinatáque: talia igitur cùm ſint infi­
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              nita cognoſci nequeunt: igitur imperfecta
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              non poſſunt delectare, nec eſſe pulchra: pul­
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              chrum igitur quicquid commenſuratum eſt,
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              delectare etiam ſolet. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009973">
                <margin.target id="marg1398"/>
              Quid ſit
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              pulchritudo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.009974">
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              Cur pulchris
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              delectemur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009975">Ea igitur cauſa nata ſunt columnarum
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              ponendarum genera: pycnoſtylum, ſyſti­
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              lum, diaſtilum, euſtylum, in areoſtylum,
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              in comparatione longitudinis, craſſitudinis
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              cum ſpatiis, & epiſtyliis. </s>
              <s id="s.009976">Quod igitur non
                <lb/>
              cognoſcit oculus, proportione numerorum
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              paruorum ſaltem caret
                <emph type="italics"/>
              :
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              & hoc totum ince­
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              ptum, turpe ac rude diiudicat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009977">Hoc fuit Virtutij conſilium in ædibus,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1400"/>
                <lb/>
              & earum partibus ab auribus ad oculos
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              traducere rationem. </s>
              <s id="s.009978">In venereis igitur pul­
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              chritudinem, nobilitatem, & varietatem
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              quærimus. </s>
              <s id="s.009979">Pulchritudo per ſe ( vt dixi ) de­
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              lectat: & in coloribus purpureum, roſeum­
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              que quærimus, qui colos ab extremis ma­
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              ximè diſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.009980">Nobilitas raritati coniungi­
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              tur: rarò verò magis amamus, quoniam
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              non tam facilè his licet potiri: nos au­
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              tem ſemper nitimur in vetitum, cupimuſque </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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