Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.009980">
                <pb pagenum="572" xlink:href="016/01/219.jpg"/>
              negata. </s>
              <s id="s.009981">Varietas etiam & permutatio, & res
                <lb/>
              intacta è raritatis genere ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.009982">Sic & illicitis
                <lb/>
              quandóque magis angimur, quia difficilius
                <lb/>
              aſſequitur talia. </s>
              <s id="s.009983">Omnis igitur noſtra volu­
                <lb/>
              ptas eſt aut in his, quæ per ſe amabilia ſunt,
                <lb/>
              id eſt, pulchra, ſeu oculo cognita: aut in qui­
                <lb/>
              bus præſtantes nobis videmur: videmur au­
                <lb/>
              tem præſtantes in aſſequendo ea, quæ aliis
                <lb/>
              negata ſunt, aut quia nobilia, aut qui rara,
                <lb/>
              aut quia intacta, vel cuſtodia munita, vel
                <lb/>
              virtute prædita, vel illicita: in omnibus igi­
                <lb/>
              tur his aut horum parte animus delectatur,
                <lb/>
              gaudétque, acquirit etiam cum famæ, fortu­
                <lb/>
              narum, vitæque iactura. </s>
              <s id="s.009984">Hic eſt amor ille
                <lb/>
              fæuus, de quo infrà ſermonem habiturus
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1401"/>
                <lb/>
              ſum. </s>
              <s id="s.009985">Minùs igitur amant, qui acutè vident,
                <lb/>
              & non ſolùm minùs, ſed rarius, quòd dili­
                <lb/>
              genter conſideranti rara ſit facies abſoluta,
                <lb/>
              & quæ vitio careat, tum maximè quòd le­
                <lb/>
              nis cutis glabra, & roſeus color deſiderantur
                <lb/>
              ad pulchritudinem: amant igitur plerique,
                <lb/>
              quòd acie præuertatur, aut prius ament,
                <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1402"/>
                <lb/>
              inſpiciant, quod amare velint. </s>
              <s id="s.009986">Ea de cauſa
                <lb/>
              plurimi
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              ſi nolint, amant: coguntur enim
                <lb/>
              amare præſente pulchritudinis imagine non
                <lb/>
              ſecùs, ac qui vruntur dolore, neque enim vis
                <lb/>
              imaginandi ex toto voluntati paret: nec ſi
                <lb/>
              pulchrum imagineris, liberum eſt, non ama­
                <lb/>
              re. </s>
              <s id="s.009987">Igitur concepta in imaginante virtute
                <lb/>
              pulchra forma, nolentes etiam rapimur ad
                <lb/>
              amorem: ob id ſtudioſi vehementiùs amant,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1403"/>
                <lb/>
              ob imaginantis facultatis robur. </s>
              <s id="s.009988">Hoc autem
                <lb/>
              exercitatione: contingit itaque & ob ean­
                <lb/>
              dem cauſam circa Veneris actum ex nimio
                <lb/>
              amore impediri. </s>
              <s id="s.009989">Nam voluntas contrahit
                <lb/>
              ſpiritus, & ad ſuperiora reuocat, & imagi­
                <lb/>
              nantem facultatem, à qua maximè iuuatur
                <lb/>
              Venus, impedit. </s>
              <s id="s.009990">Homini enim proprium eſt,
                <lb/>
              non benè operam dare duabus rebus ſimul
                <lb/>
              Sed commiſeratio Venerem adiuuat, vnde
                <lb/>
              vim inferentibus prompta Venus
                <emph type="italics"/>
              :
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              nam ſpi­
                <lb/>
              ritum dilatat, & mouet, repugnantiáque ac­
                <lb/>
              cedit, & quòd imaginandi virtus excitetur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.009991">Imaginando enim tenditur membrum, quo­
                <lb/>
              niam vbi è cerebro iucunda effigies animæ
                <lb/>
              offertur, cor in quo illa reſidet, ſpiritum, &
                <lb/>
              calorem ad membrum tranſmittit, titilla­
                <lb/>
              tione in eo per neruos excitata. </s>
              <s id="s.009992">Ergo calor
                <lb/>
              dum ad ipſum tendit, humidum quod in via
                <lb/>
              eſt, diſſoluit, & in flatum vertit: ex quo in
                <lb/>
              pumicoſam membra carnem intruſo, ſtatim
                <lb/>
              ipſum
                <expan abbr="tẽditur">tenditur</expan>
              . </s>
              <s id="s.009993">Vnde patet primam
                <expan abbr="animã">animam</expan>
              , &
                <lb/>
              totam eſſe in corde. </s>
              <s id="s.009994">Corque
                <expan abbr="calidũ">calidum</expan>
              ad Vene­
                <lb/>
              rem
                <expan abbr="multũ">multum</expan>
              facere. </s>
              <s id="s.009995">Hinc
                <expan abbr="variarũ">variarum</expan>
              affectionum
                <lb/>
              cauſæ patent: nam quibus facilè ac diu ten­
                <lb/>
              ditur, multum eſt concocti pinguis humidi,
                <lb/>
              quibus autem facilè tenditur ac laxatur te­
                <lb/>
              nuis: quibus verò à priore coitu magis erigi­
                <lb/>
              tur, virga his frigidior pars eiecta eſt: quod
                <lb/>
              contingit in his, quibus ex mora ſemen cor­
                <lb/>
              ruptum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.009996">Senibus verò ob meatuum laxi­
                <lb/>
              tatem contingit, vt extenſa virga flatus per
                <lb/>
              ventris crepitum erumpat. </s>
              <s id="s.009997">Lachrymæ verò
                <lb/>
              vim patientibus profluunt, quòd in dolore
                <lb/>
              cum ſpe contrahatur cor, & cerebrum, in­
                <lb/>
              de à calore quicquid eſt humidi non ſolùm
                <lb/>
              in cerebro, ſed etiam in toto ſanguine
                <lb/>
              exprimitur per oculorum fontes. </s>
              <s id="s.009998">Lachry­
                <lb/>
              mantur & equi, & phaſiani, dum immi­
                <lb/>
              nens periculum cernunt. </s>
              <s id="s.009999">Sed vbi ſpes deeſt,
                <lb/>
              non fit motus, nec lachryma. </s>
              <s id="s.010000">Ob id in
                <lb/>
              extremis timoribus aut triſtitia non lachry­
                <lb/>
              mantur. </s>
              <s id="s.010001">Benè igitur Poëtæ, Nioben in mor­
                <lb/>
              te filiorum lapideam factam finxêre, non
                <lb/>
              lachrymantem. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010002">
                <margin.target id="marg1400"/>
              Vitruuij ra­
                <lb/>
              tio ſubtiliſſi­
                <lb/>
              ma explica­
                <lb/>
              tur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010003">Tria quæ­
                <lb/>
              runtur ad
                <lb/>
              Veneris vo­
                <lb/>
              luptatem.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010004">
                <margin.target id="marg1401"/>
              Minùs
                <expan abbr="amãt">amant</expan>
                <lb/>
              qui acutè
                <lb/>
              vident.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010005">
                <margin.target id="marg1402"/>
              Cur nonnul­
                <lb/>
              li vel inuiti
                <lb/>
              ament.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010006">
                <margin.target id="marg1403"/>
              Cur amantes
                <lb/>
              quandoque
                <lb/>
              prohibentur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010007">ne vti poſſint
                <lb/>
              Venere cum
                <lb/>
              amata.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010008">Quomodo
                <lb/>
              imaginando
                <lb/>
              Venus exci­
                <lb/>
              tetur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010009">Lachrymæ
                <lb/>
              cauſa.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010010">Fluunt & præ gaudio lachrymæ, quia &
                <lb/>
              in illo ſanguis extràfertur cum impetu. </s>
              <s id="s.010011">Ob
                <lb/>
              id etiam præ gaudio nonnulli mortui ſunt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010012">Omnes animi affectus, imo & mores,
                <lb/>
              oculi oſtendunt, maximè tamen lætitiam, &
                <lb/>
              triſtitiam. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010013">Aures vt oculis ſunt longè in his infe­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1404"/>
                <lb/>
              riores, ita in duobus illis præſtant ad diſ­
                <lb/>
              ciplinam tradendam, & affectus animi exci­
                <lb/>
              tandos. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010014">
                <margin.target id="marg1404"/>
              Aurium du
                <lb/>
              plex priui­
                <lb/>
              legium.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010015">Sunt ſoni differentiæ trium generum,
                <lb/>
              acutus, grauis, & medius: qui à celeri, vel
                <lb/>
              tardo, mediove, magnus, & paruus, mediuſ­
                <lb/>
              que ab impetus magnitudine procedentes.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010016">Sed mollis, & aſper ab inſtrumenti natura.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010017">Sunt & rari, & frequentes ac medij, tum
                <lb/>
              verò diſſoni, ac conſoni, mediique. </s>
              <s id="s.010018">Igitur
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1405"/>
                <lb/>
              ſonus inter omnes, quæ ſenſum mouere poſ­
                <lb/>
              ſunt, affectus mouet ſolus, maximè, quòd
                <lb/>
              ſolus cùm manifeſto ſit motu. </s>
              <s id="s.010019">Magnus igi­
                <lb/>
              tur aſper, & concitatus, nec conſonus: ad­
                <lb/>
              modum ad iram ac prælia mouet, adeò vt
                <lb/>
              faciat obliuiſci hominem ſuiipſius. </s>
              <s id="s.010020">Ob id
                <lb/>
              rectè in præliis tum maximè in initiis, tu­
                <lb/>
              bis, & tympanis obſtrepunt, & clamorem
                <lb/>
              edunt milites: etenim magna res eſt morti
                <lb/>
              ſe offerre: nec niſi gloria, qui nobiles, aut
                <lb/>
              mente perturbati, quòd maximè inconditis
                <lb/>
              ſonis ac clamoribus contingit, ſpontè id
                <lb/>
              agerent. </s>
              <s id="s.010021">Itaque Pompeium rectè Cæſar re­
                <lb/>
              darguebat, qui velut ituros ad luctam, vel
                <lb/>
              diſceptaturos de nugis Philoſophorum, mi­
                <lb/>
              lites in initio pugnæ ab impetu cohibuiſſet.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010022">Molles, rari, parui, concini, ad commiſera­
                <lb/>
              tionem hominem inducunt. </s>
              <s id="s.010023">Molles, celeres,
                <lb/>
              parui, concini, ad alacritatem. </s>
              <s id="s.010024">Graues in fi­
                <lb/>
              ne mediocres, mixtique ex aſperis, & me­
                <lb/>
              diocribus tardi ac parui, ad caſtitatem, ac
                <lb/>
              prudentiam. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010025">
                <margin.target id="marg1405"/>
              Cur ſolus ſo
                <lb/>
              nus animi
                <lb/>
              affectus mo­
                <lb/>
              ueat.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010026">Illud ſanè mirum, quod quiſque tamen
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1406"/>
                <lb/>
              poteſt experiri, lanceam ad lyram appoſi­
                <lb/>
              tam, vt tangat, vel ad hominis os, ſi quis
                <lb/>
              caput lanceæ reliquum dentibus teneat, tan­
                <lb/>
              quam in dentibus ſit auditus ſonum: voces
                <lb/>
              ac verba procul exaudiet, quorum nec ſo­
                <lb/>
              num ſecùs audire poſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.010027">Denique vide qua­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1407"/>
                <lb/>
              les motus in ſpiritibus creant affectus, tales
                <lb/>
              ſonos elige ad eoſdem affectus mouendos.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010028">Etenim in ſonos magis conueniunt homi­
                <lb/>
              nes, quàm in aliis ſenſibilibus, quòd ſonus
                <lb/>
              ſimpliciſſima res ſit, & generalibus tantùm
                <lb/>
              differentiis varietur. </s>
              <s id="s.010029">Sapores, & odores, &
                <lb/>
              colores etiam à mixtione primarum quali­
                <lb/>
              tatem prodeunt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010030">
                <margin.target id="marg1406"/>
              Lanceæ expe
                <lb/>
              rimentum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010031">
                <margin.target id="marg1407"/>
              Cur in ſonis
                <lb/>
              omnes fermè
                <lb/>
              homines con­
                <lb/>
              ueniant, non
                <lb/>
              in ſaporibus
                <lb/>
              aut colori­
                <lb/>
              bus.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010032">Tria omni­
                <lb/>
              bus ſenſibili­
                <lb/>
              bus commu­
                <lb/>
              nia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010033">Sunt porrò communes omnium ſenſibi­
                <lb/>
              lium conditiones tres. </s>
              <s id="s.010034">Prima, quòd ( vt
                <lb/>
              dixi ) proportione conſtent: nam talia no­
                <lb/>
              ta ſunt, & ob id delectant: inde fit, vt eum
                <lb/>
              diapoſon dupla conſtet, ea maximè dele­
                <lb/>
              ctet aures: inde bis diapoſon quadrupla, pòſt
                <lb/>
              diapaſon alia diapente tripla, inde diapente
                <lb/>
              ſeſquialtera, pòſt ſeſquitertia diateſſa­
                <lb/>
              ron. </s>
              <s id="s.010035">Ditonus ad ſeſquiquartam, & tris </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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