Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010035">
                <pb pagenum="573" xlink:href="016/01/220.jpg"/>
              hemitonium ſeſquiquintam accedit, dedu­
                <lb/>
              cta octogeſima, vt in Arithmeticis docui.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010036">Integris etiam penè conſtant proportioni­
                <lb/>
              bus lex vocum interualla: altera ſupertripar­
                <lb/>
              tiens quintas, reliqua ſuperbipartiens ter­
                <lb/>
              tias habens. </s>
              <s id="s.010037">Secunda ratio eſt, quòd mode­
                <lb/>
              rata omnia placent: non grauis ille ac adeò
                <lb/>
              magnus in Hiſpaniæ inſulæ montibus, qui
                <lb/>
              homines exurdat, nec qui adeò paruus, vt
                <lb/>
              eum, qui audit audiendo fatiget. </s>
              <s id="s.010038">Idem de ce­
                <lb/>
              leri, & tardo, acuto, graui, molli, quódque
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1408"/>
                <lb/>
              maius eſt, aſpero. </s>
              <s id="s.010039">Tertia ratio eſt, vt in om­
                <lb/>
              nibus meliora delectent, pòſt deteriora: ver­
                <lb/>
              ſa vice verò offendant. </s>
              <s id="s.010040">Sic lux poſt tenebras
                <lb/>
              dulce poſt amarum, roſæ poſt ancethum, con­
                <lb/>
              ſonæ voces poſt diſſonas. </s>
              <s id="s.010041">Delectatio enim
                <lb/>
              ac voluptas neceſſariò in aliquo ſenſu ſunt:
                <lb/>
              ſenſus autem omnis cum mutatione eſt, mu­
                <lb/>
              tatio autem ex contrariis: igitur vel ex bono
                <lb/>
              in malum, atque hæc eſt triſtitia: delectatio
                <lb/>
              igitur mutatione mali in bonum erit, ma­
                <lb/>
              lum igitur præfuiſſe neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.010042">Quis edendo
                <lb/>
              voluptatem capit abſque fame? </s>
              <s id="s.010043">bibendo
                <lb/>
              abſque ſiti? </s>
              <s id="s.010044">Veneris vſu, non præcedente
                <lb/>
              tentigine? </s>
              <s id="s.010045">Lucrando abſque cupiditate? </s>
              <s id="s.010046">Inde
                <lb/>
              ludendi voluptas adeò magna, propter vi­
                <lb/>
              ciſſitudinem frequentem amittendi, lucran­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1409"/>
                <lb/>
              díque. </s>
              <s id="s.010047">Hinc etiam delectationis iteratio fre­
                <lb/>
              quens. </s>
              <s id="s.010048">Et in dicendo quoque voluptas eſt:
                <lb/>
              quia quæ non nouimus, diſcimus. </s>
              <s id="s.010049">Vtrum
                <lb/>
              verò in contemplatione eorum, quæ iam no­
                <lb/>
              uimus, delectatio ſit? </s>
              <s id="s.010050">Certè aut nulla, aut
                <lb/>
              minor, quàm quæ ſit, dum diſcimus. </s>
              <s id="s.010051">Conti­
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              nuata verò actione non delectamur, quia
                <lb/>
              ignorantia non præceſſit. </s>
              <s id="s.010052">Eſt autem primus
                <lb/>
              actus ignorantia quædam. </s>
              <s id="s.010053">Videntur igitur
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              pauperes, diuitibus, & principibus maiore
                <lb/>
              frui delectatione, quia maiore triſtitia affi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1410"/>
                <lb/>
              ciuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.010054">Ea quoque ratione fit, vt diapente
                <lb/>
              in acutis, diateſſaron in grauibus offendat
                <lb/>
              aurem, contrario ordine delectet: nam grauis
                <lb/>
              vox poſt acutam, ferit aurem ac manet: igi­
                <lb/>
              tur cùm fuerit grauis ſimplicior acuta dele­
                <lb/>
              ctabit: ſi contrario modo, aurem offendet. </s>
              <s id="s.010055">At
                <lb/>
              iam ſuprà oſtendimus, ſimpliciorem eſſe
                <lb/>
              conſonantiam diapente, quàm diateſſaron:
                <lb/>
              eadem ratione diateſſaron ſupra ditonum
                <lb/>
              mulcet aurem, infrà lædit: nam faciliùs perci­
                <lb/>
              pitur ſeſquiquarta, quàm ſeſquitertia, quòd
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1411"/>
                <lb/>
              ſeſquiquarta à ſeſquialtera pendeat. </s>
              <s id="s.010056">Igitur
                <lb/>
              tam in ſonis, quàm picturis, quæ effendunt,
                <lb/>
              miſcenda ſunt his, quæ delectant, ſed dupli­
                <lb/>
              ci lege obſeruata, prima, vt quæ offendunt,
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              minùs imprimant in ſenſum his, quæ dele­
                <lb/>
              ctant: altera, netam minutim diſſecentur,
                <lb/>
              quòd ſenſus non percipiat: diximus enim
                <lb/>
              conſonantiam, ſeu armoniam eſſe plurimum
                <lb/>
              vocum, perceptam auri rationem. </s>
              <s id="s.010057">Si igitur
                <lb/>
              adeò minutiſſimè concidantur, vt non per­
                <lb/>
              cipiantur à ſenſu, non ſolùm non delecta­
                <lb/>
              bunt, ſed etiam offendent. </s>
              <s id="s.010058">Ideò pictura flo­
                <lb/>
              rum minutiſſimorum, neque grata eſt, neque
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1412"/>
                <lb/>
              delectat: ſic nec literæ adeò paruæ. </s>
              <s id="s.010059">Sed in his
                <lb/>
              tum in gemmarum ſculturis minimus er­
                <lb/>
              ror, vel obliquitas deformes reddit: nam ſin­
                <lb/>
              gula ad comparationem ſenſu, diiudicat: ita
                <lb/>
              in magnis rebus magnos errores, in paruis
                <lb/>
              paruos ſentit. </s>
              <s id="s.010060">Verùm auditus minores etiam
                <lb/>
              agnoſcit differentias viſu, quare & omni
                <lb/>
              alio ſenſu. </s>
              <s id="s.010061">Siquidem in acutis vna de tri­
                <lb/>
              ginta tribus: imò ex octoginta pulcherrimè
                <lb/>
              deprehendit: ditonum enim abſque ea dimi­
                <lb/>
              nutione aſperum iudicat, ea detracta ſuauem.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.010062">In temporibus ictum vnum in ſexdecim di­
                <lb/>
              uiditur partes. </s>
              <s id="s.010063">Subtilior igitur auditus viſu,
                <lb/>
              vel quia (vt dixi) illius ſenſus ſolus fit cum
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1413"/>
                <lb/>
              motu, aut quia viſus obiecta, ſcilicet colores,
                <lb/>
              ob vehementiam contiguitate vitiant ſe mu­
                <lb/>
              tuò, aut quia viſus ſit multorum, auditus au­
                <lb/>
              tem ſimpliciſſimi atque vnici obiecti. </s>
              <s id="s.010064">Itaque
                <lb/>
              auxiſſe ictus tempus ac extendiſſe, non pa­
                <lb/>
              rum facit ad voluptatem, vt loco hemioliæ,
                <lb/>
              quam ſolam noſtri temporis Muſicinorunt
                <lb/>
              in tempore differentiam, diuiſio in quinas,
                <lb/>
              aut ſeptenas extendatur partes: hanc cùm
                <lb/>
              ſemel tantùm audiuerim, iure illud protuli,
                <lb/>
              Omne rarum precioſum: affectus enim
                <lb/>
              cùm moueat ſonus, vis in illo eſt manife­
                <lb/>
              ſtiſſima. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010065">
                <margin.target id="marg1408"/>
              Voluptas om­
                <lb/>
              nis ac dele­
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              ctatio dolo­
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              rem præſup­
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              ponit, aut
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              triſtitiam.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010066">
                <margin.target id="marg1409"/>
              Ludus cur
                <lb/>
              adeò dele­
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              ctet.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010067">
                <margin.target id="marg1410"/>
              Cur diateſ­
                <lb/>
              ſaron ſub
                <lb/>
              diapento diſ
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              ſonet.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010068">
                <margin.target id="marg1411"/>
              Præceptum
                <lb/>
              ad volupta­
                <lb/>
              tem in ſenſi­
                <lb/>
              libus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010069">
                <margin.target id="marg1412"/>
              In literis, &
                <lb/>
              gemmarum
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              ſculpturis,
                <lb/>
              errores
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
                <lb/>
              minimi ma­
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              gnam
                <expan abbr="pariũt">pariunt</expan>
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="deformitatẽ">deformitatem</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010070">
                <margin.target id="marg1413"/>
              Modus au­
                <lb/>
              gendi dela­
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              ctationem in
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              muſica.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010071">Inter multa antiquorum exempla, duo
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1414"/>
                <lb/>
              inuenio præclara, virtutis ſoni ad commo­
                <lb/>
              uendos animi affectus. </s>
              <s id="s.010072">Alterum Timothei,
                <lb/>
              qui modo mutato Alexandrum coëgit ala­
                <lb/>
              critate impulſum exilire è conuiuio. </s>
              <s id="s.010073">Reli­
                <lb/>
              quum, quòd Agamemnon diſceſſurus è pa­
                <lb/>
              tria, profecturúſque Troiam, de vxoris pu­
                <lb/>
              dicitia dubitans Clytemneſtræ
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſic enim ea
                <lb/>
              vocabatur)citharædum reliquit, qui ſono il­
                <lb/>
              lam citharæ adeò ad pudicitiam, & conti­
                <lb/>
              nentiam incitabat, vt Ægyſtus non niſi oc­
                <lb/>
              ciſo citharœdo, ea potiri potuerit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010074">
                <margin.target id="marg1414"/>
              Mira exem­
                <lb/>
              pla mouendi
                <lb/>
              affectus ſono.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010075">Qui verò maximè delectant ſoni, & ipſi
                <lb/>
              ad incontinentiam trahunt, ſtudioſos dum
                <lb/>
              nimis muſicæ reddunt: velut hydraulica or­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1415"/>
                <lb/>
              gana, quorum Nero ſuauitate mira delini­
                <lb/>
              tus, etiam inter vitæ, & imperij pericula,
                <lb/>
              exercituum, & ducum defectiones, immi­
                <lb/>
              nénſque exitium manifeſtum, curam non ne­
                <lb/>
              glexit. </s>
              <s id="s.010076">Aquam hæc continent, pluribúſque
                <lb/>
              fiſtulis aër immiſtus aquæ modulationem
                <lb/>
              cum ſuſurro miſtum emittit. </s>
              <s id="s.010077">Tradit Vitru­
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              uius horum rationem. </s>
              <s id="s.010078">ſed poſtquam Nero­
                <lb/>
              nis ætate, Vitruuij libros vulgatos conſtat,
                <lb/>
              veriſimile mihi non videtur ea fuiſſe tam
                <lb/>
              chara Neroni, quæ adeò vulgata ratione con­
                <lb/>
              ſtructa eſſent. </s>
              <s id="s.010079">Itaque Vitruuij normam pro
                <lb/>
              modulo potiùs, quàm exquiſita ratione ha­
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              bendam cenſeo. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.010080">
                <margin.target id="marg1415"/>
              Hydraulica
                <lb/>
              organa </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.010081">Sed non ſolùm nepoti Cæſari adeò pla­
                <lb/>
              cuerunt muſica inſtrumenta, ſed & Daui­
                <lb/>
              dem regem fortiſſimum, virúmque ſeuerum,
                <lb/>
              Pſalterij dulcedo detinuit, quæ & Saulem
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1416"/>
                <lb/>
              furientem lenibat. </s>
              <s id="s.010082">Neque vulgarem harmo­
                <lb/>
              niam huius inſtrumenti eſſe credendum eſt,
                <lb/>
              cuius toties ſacra pagina meminerit,
                <expan abbr="quódq.">quódque</expan>
                <lb/>
              vnum inter reliqua ad laudes diuinas cele­
                <lb/>
              brandas aptum fuiſſe iudicarint. </s>
              <s id="s.010083">Conſtat
                <lb/>
              fidibus ſeptuaginta duobus, forma triquetra
                <lb/>
              ad vnguem, cuius ſymphonia incomparabi­
                <lb/>
              lis eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.010084">Vidimus & alia inſtrumenta ſingula­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1417"/>
                <lb/>
              ris voluptatis
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              artificij, vt quæ tubarum,
                <lb/>
              tympanorum, fiſtularum, tibiæ, lyræ, cor­
                <lb/>
              nuum, teſtudinis, phormingis, ſyringæ, hep­
                <lb/>
              tachordij, organorum propriæ dictorum,
                <lb/>
              ſambucæque vocem exprimerent. </s>
              <s id="s.010085">Hydrau­
                <lb/>
              lica auium cantus, vt niſi videas, ementiun­
                <lb/>
              tur, ita autem vt dixeris: cornua humanis
                <lb/>
              vocibus ſunt proxima, additis foraminibus: </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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