Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950
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              mortised at the lower end a short board; this has an iron key which engages
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              a chain, and this chain again a pole-bar. </s>
              <s>This machine, which draws water
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              from a shaft two hundred and forty feet deep, is worked by thirty-two horses;
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              eight of them work for four hours, and then these rest for twelve hours, and
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              the same number take their place. </s>
              <s>This kind of machine is employed at the
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              foot of the Harz
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              18
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              mountains and in the neighbourhood. </s>
              <s>Further, if
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              necessity arises, several pumps of this kind are often built for the purpose of
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              mining one vein, but arranged differently in different localities varying
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              according to the depth. </s>
              <s>At Schemnitz, in the Carpathian mountains, there
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              are three pumps, of which the lowest lifts water from the lowest sump to
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              the first drains, through which it flows into the second sump; the intermediate
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              one lifts from the second sump to the second drain, from which it flows into
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              the third sump; and the upper one lifts it to the drains of the tunnel, through
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              which it flows away. </s>
              <s>This system of three machines of this kind is turned
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              by ninety-six horses; these horses go down to the machines by an inclined </s>
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              <s>A—AXLE. B—DRUM. C—DRAWING-CHAIN. D—BALLS. E—CLAMPS.</s>
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