Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
Text
Text Image
Image
XML
Thumbnail overview
Document information
None
Concordance
Figures
Thumbnails
Page concordance
<
1 - 30
31 - 60
61 - 90
91 - 120
121 - 150
151 - 180
181 - 210
211 - 240
241 - 270
271 - 300
301 - 330
331 - 360
361 - 390
391 - 420
421 - 450
451 - 480
481 - 510
511 - 540
541 - 570
571 - 600
601 - 630
631 - 660
661 - 679
>
Scan
Original
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
<
1 - 30
31 - 60
61 - 90
91 - 120
121 - 150
151 - 180
181 - 210
211 - 240
241 - 270
271 - 300
301 - 330
331 - 360
361 - 390
391 - 420
421 - 450
451 - 480
481 - 510
511 - 540
541 - 570
571 - 600
601 - 630
631 - 660
661 - 679
>
page
|<
<
of 679
>
>|
<
archimedes
>
<
text
>
<
body
>
<
chap
>
<
p
type
="
caption
">
<
s
>
<
pb
pagenum
="
198
"/>
direction. </
s
>
<
s
>The axle is square and is thirty-five feet long and two feet thick
<
lb
/>
and wide. </
s
>
<
s
>Beyond the wheel, at a distance of six feet, the axle has four hubs,
<
lb
/>
one foot wide and thick, each one of which is four feet distant from the next
<
gap
/>
<
lb
/>
to these hubs are fixed by iron nails as many pieces of wood as are necessary
<
lb
/>
to cover the hubs, and, in order that the wood pieces may fit tight, they are
<
lb
/>
broader on the outside and narrower on the inside; in this way a drum is
<
lb
/>
made, around which is wound a chain to whose ends are hooked leather bags.
<
lb
/>
</
s
>
<
s
>The reason why a drum of this kind is made, is that the axle may be kept in
<
lb
/>
good condition, because this drum when it becomes worn away by use can
<
lb
/>
be repaired easily. </
s
>
<
s
>Further along the axle, not far from the end, is another
<
lb
/>
drum one foot broad, projecting two feet on all sides around the axle. </
s
>
<
s
>And
<
lb
/>
to this, when occasion demands, a brake is applied forcibly and holds back
<
lb
/>
the machine; this kind of brake I have explained before. </
s
>
<
s
>Near the axle,
<
lb
/>
in place of a hopper, there is a floor with a considerable slope, having in
<
lb
/>
front of the shaft a width of fifteen feet and the same at the back; at each
<
lb
/>
side of it there is a stout post carrying an iron chain which has a large hook.
<
lb
/>
</
s
>
<
s
>Five men operate this machine; one lets down the doors which close the
<
lb
/>
reservoir gates, or by drawing down the levers, opens the water-races; this
<
lb
/>
man, who is the director of this machine, stands in a hanging cage beside the
<
lb
/>
reservoir. </
s
>
<
s
>When one bag has been drawn out nearly as far as the sloping
<
lb
/>
floor, he closes the water gate in order that the wheel may be stopped; when
<
lb
/>
the bag has been emptied he opens the other water gate, in order that the
<
lb
/>
other set of buckets may receive the water and drive the wheel in the opposite
<
lb
/>
direction. </
s
>
<
s
>If he cannot close the water-gate quickly enough, and the water
<
lb
/>
continues to flow, he calls out to his comrade and bids him raise the brake
<
lb
/>
upon the drum and stop the wheel. </
s
>
<
s
>Two men alternately empty the bags,
<
lb
/>
one standing on that part of the floor which is in front of the shaft,
<
lb
/>
and the other on that part which is at the back. </
s
>
<
s
>When the bag has been
<
lb
/>
nearly drawn up—of which fact a certain link of the chain gives warning—the
<
lb
/>
man who stands on the one part of the floor, catches a large iron hook in one
<
lb
/>
link of the chain, and pulls out all the subsequent part of the chain toward
<
lb
/>
the floor, where the bag is emptied by the other man. </
s
>
<
s
>The object of this
<
lb
/>
hook is to prevent the chain, by its own weight, from pulling down the
<
lb
/>
other empty bag, and thus pulling the whole chain from its axle and
<
lb
/>
dropping it down the shaft. </
s
>
<
s
>His comrade in the work, seeing that the bag
<
lb
/>
filled with water has been nearly drawn out, calls to the director of the
<
lb
/>
machine and bids him close the water of the tower so that there will be time
<
lb
/>
to empty the bag; this being emptied, the director of the machine first of
<
lb
/>
all slightly opens the other water-gate of the tower to allow the end of the
<
lb
/>
chain, together with the empty bag, to be started into the shaft again, and
<
lb
/>
then opens entirely the water-gates. </
s
>
<
s
>When that part of the chain which
<
lb
/>
has been pulled on to the floor has been wound up again, and has been let
<
lb
/>
down over the shaft from the drum, he takes out the large hook which was
<
lb
/>
fastened into a link of the chain. </
s
>
<
s
>The fifth man stands in a sort of cross-cut
<
lb
/>
beside the sump, that he may not be hurt, if it should happen that a link </
s
>
</
p
>
</
chap
>
</
body
>
</
text
>
</
archimedes
>