Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572

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          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17434" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="249" file="0255" n="255" rhead="OPTICAE LIBER VII."/>
            cipit formam uiſibilium, & reddit eam omni corpori oppoſito:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17435" xml:space="preserve"> & quòd aer deferens formam cum
              <lb/>
            tetigerit uiſum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17436" xml:space="preserve"> tranſibit forma, quæ eſt in ipſo, in corpus uiſus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17437" xml:space="preserve"> & ſic uiſus comprehendit uiſibilia,
              <lb/>
            quæ aer reddit uiſui.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17438" xml:space="preserve"> Ex omnibus ergo iſtis patet, quod forma omnis corporis colorati, lucidi, exi-
              <lb/>
            ſtentis in corpore diaphano diuerſæ diaphanitatis à diaphanitate aeris, extenditur in corpore dia-
              <lb/>
            phano, in quo exiſtit, & refringitur in aere, & extenditur in aere ſecundum lineas rectas:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17439" xml:space="preserve"> & quòd
              <lb/>
            quædam lιnearum rectarum, per quas forma refringitur in aere, coniunguntur apud idem pun-
              <lb/>
            ctum aeris.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17440" xml:space="preserve"> Et cum centrum uiſus fuerit apud illud punctum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17441" xml:space="preserve"> tunc uiſus comprehendit illud ui-
              <lb/>
            ſum ſecundum refractionem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17442" xml:space="preserve"> & ſi aliquid ipſius comprehenditur rectè:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17443" xml:space="preserve"> non erit niſi unum pun-
              <lb/>
            ctum tantùm.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17444" xml:space="preserve"> Hoc ergo modo comprehendit uiſus res, quæ ſunt in aqua, & in cœlo, & omnia uiſi-
              <lb/>
            bilia, quæ ſunt ultra corpora diaphana, quę differunt à diaphanitate aeris.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17445" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div571" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head496" xml:space="preserve" style="it">14. Imago refracti uiſibilis à medio quidem denſiore, inclinat ad perpendicularem à refra-
            <lb/>
          ctionis puncto excitatam: à rariore uerò ab eadem declinat. 4 p 10.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17446" xml:space="preserve">QVòd autem hoc uerum ſit, ſic poterit experimentari.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17447" xml:space="preserve"> Accipiat ergo experimentator prędi-
              <lb/>
            ctum inſtrumentum, & ponat in uaſe, & ponat uas in loco lucido quacunque luce, ita ut
              <lb/>
            lux perueniat ad interius uaſis, & infundat in uas aquam, quouſque perueniat ad centrum
              <lb/>
            laminæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17448" xml:space="preserve"> deinde diminuat foramina cum cera, ita ut non remaneat de foraminibus, niſi modicũ in
              <lb/>
            medio eorum, & mittat in duobus foraminibus unum calamum, ita ut ſpatium, quod eſt inter duo
              <lb/>
            foramina, ſit determinatum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17449" xml:space="preserve"> deinde moueat inſtrumentum, donec diameter laminæ, ſuper cu-
              <lb/>
            ius extremitates ſunt duæ lineæ perpendiculares in ora inſtrumenti, ſit perpendicularis ſuper ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficiem aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17450" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde accipiat ſtilum ſubtilem album, & mittat eum in uas, & eius extremita-
              <lb/>
            tem ponat in puncto medij circuli, quod eſt differentia communis circumferentiæ medij circuli
              <lb/>
            & lineæ perpendiculari in ora inſtrumenti, quod eſt extremitas diametri circuli, quę tranſit per cen
              <lb/>
            tra duorum foraminum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17451" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde ponat experimentator alterum uiſum ſuper ſuperius foramen, &
              <lb/>
            claudat reliquum, & intueatur oram inſtrumenti, quæ eſt intra aquam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17452" xml:space="preserve"> tunc enim uidebit extremi-
              <lb/>
            tatem ſtili.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17453" xml:space="preserve"> Declarabitur ergo ex hac experimentatione, quòd comprehenſio eius ad extremita-
              <lb/>
            tem ſtili eſt ſecundum rectitudinem perpendicularis, egredientis ab extremitate ſtili ſuper ſuper-
              <lb/>
            ficiem aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17454" xml:space="preserve"> Nam linea, quæ tranſit per centra duorum foraminum, in qua eſt centrum uiſus, & ex-
              <lb/>
            tremitas ſtili, ex cuius uerticatione comprehendit uiſus extremitatem ſtili, ſunt perpendiculares
              <lb/>
            ſuper ſuperficiem aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17455" xml:space="preserve"> In primo autem libro [18.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17456" xml:space="preserve"> 19 n] patuit, quòd uiſus nihil comprehendit, ni-
              <lb/>
            ſi ſecundum rectitudinem linearum, quæ extenduntur per centrum uiſus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17457" xml:space="preserve"> Viſus ergo comprehen-
              <lb/>
            dit extremitatem ſtili à uerticatione lineæ, quæ tranſit per centra duorum foraminum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17458" xml:space="preserve"> Et hæc li-
              <lb/>
            nea extenditur ad extremitatem ſtili rectè:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17459" xml:space="preserve"> & eſt perpendicularis ſuper ſuperficiem aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17460" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde
              <lb/>
            oportet experimentatorem declinare inſtrumentum, donec linea, quæ tranſit per centra duorum
              <lb/>
            foraminum, ſit obliqua ſuper ſuperficiem aquæ, & mittat ſtilum in aquam, & ponat extremitatem
              <lb/>
            eius ſuper primum punctum, ſcilicet ſuper extremitatem diametri circuli medij, quę tranſit per cen
              <lb/>
            tra duorum foraminum, & ponat uiſum ſuum ſuper ſuperius foramen, & intueatur oram inſtrumen
              <lb/>
            ti, quæ eſt intra aquam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17461" xml:space="preserve"> tunc enim non uidebit extremitatem ſtili:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17462" xml:space="preserve"> deinde moueat ſtilum ad partem
              <lb/>
            contrariam illi, in qua eſt uiſus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17463" xml:space="preserve"> & moueat extremitatem ſtili per circumferentiam circuli medij ſua-
              <lb/>
            uiter, & molliter, & intueatur oram inſtrumẽti:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17464" xml:space="preserve"> tunc enim uidebit extremitatem ſtili:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17465" xml:space="preserve"> tunc figat ex-
              <lb/>
            tremitatem ſtili in ſuo loco.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17466" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde pręcipiat alij, ut mittat in uas lignum aliquod uel acum perpen
              <lb/>
            dicularem, neq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17467" xml:space="preserve"> groſſam, neq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17468" xml:space="preserve"> gracilem, & ponat illam
              <lb/>
              <figure xlink:label="fig-0255-01" xlink:href="fig-0255-01a" number="217">
                <variables xml:id="echoid-variables204" xml:space="preserve">k b d o
                  <gap/>
                f u g z r e a</variables>
              </figure>
            apud ſuperficiem aquæ in oppoſitione ſecundi fora-
              <lb/>
            minis, ut ſit apud centrum circuli medij, & intueatur
              <lb/>
            experimentator interius uaſis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17469" xml:space="preserve"> tunc non uidebit extre
              <lb/>
            mitatem ſtili:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17470" xml:space="preserve"> deinde præcipiat auferre lignum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17471" xml:space="preserve"> & tunc
              <lb/>
            uidebit extremitatem ſtili:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17472" xml:space="preserve"> deinde figat extremitatem
              <lb/>
            ſtili in ſuo loco, & leuet uiſum ſuum à foramine, & au-
              <lb/>
            ferat inſtrumentũ ſuum à uaſe, exiſtente extremitate
              <lb/>
            ſtili in ſuo loco, & intueatur locum, in quo eſt extremi
              <lb/>
            tas ſtili:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17473" xml:space="preserve"> tunc enim uidebit inter ipſum & diametrum
              <lb/>
            circuli medij diſtantiam ſenſibilem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17474" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſi miſerit regu-
              <lb/>
            lam ſubtilem in aquam in hora experimentationis, &
              <lb/>
            acumen eius fecerit tranſire per centrum laminę, & ſi-
              <lb/>
            gnauerit locum circuli medij, qui eſt apud extremita-
              <lb/>
            tem regulæ, ſigno, & abſtulerit inſtrumentum, & aſpe-
              <lb/>
            xerit locum extremitatis ſtili:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17475" xml:space="preserve"> uidebit locum extremi-
              <lb/>
            tatis ſtili etiam medium inter locum extremitatis regulæ & diametrum circuli medij.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17476" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde opor
              <lb/>
            tet eum auferre inſtrumentum, & infundere aquam in uas, & applicare uitrum laminæ, & ponere
              <lb/>
            ſuperficiem uitri ęqualem ex parte foraminum, & ponere differentiam communem, quę eſt in ipſo,
              <lb/>
            ſuper lineam ſecantem diametrum laminæ perpendiculariter.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17477" xml:space="preserve"> Sic ergo linea, quę tranſit per centra
              <lb/>
            duorum foraminũ, erit perpendicularis ſuper ſuperficiẽ uitri æqualem & ſuper ſuperficiẽ eius con-
              <lb/>
            uexã.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17478" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde ponat experimentator inſtrumentũ in aquã, & mittat ſtilũ in uas, & ponat extremita
              <lb/>
            </s>
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