Galilei, Galileo
,
Discourse concerning the natation of bodies
,
1663
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The Authors
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anſwer to the
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fourth
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ion.</
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Of Natation,
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Lib. 1. Prop. </
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>7.</
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Of Natation,
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Lib. </
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>1. Prop. </
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>4.</
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Plato
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denyeth
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Poſitive
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ty.</
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The Authors
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defence of the
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doctrine of
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Plato
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and the
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Ancients,
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who abſolutely
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deny Levity:</
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According to
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Plato
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there is no
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Principle of the
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Motion of
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ſcent in Naturall
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Bodies, ſave that
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to the Centre.</
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No cauſe of
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the motion of
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A
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cent, ſave the
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Impulſe of the
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Medium,
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ing the
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able in
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tie.</
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Bodies aſcend
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much ſwifter in
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the Water, than
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in the Air.</
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All Bodies
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cending through
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Water, loſe
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their Motion,
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comming to the
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confines of the
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Air.</
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>And, howbeit, Experience ſhewes, that the Bodies, ſucceſſively
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leſs grave, do moſt expeditiouſly aſcend in water, it cannot be
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ed, but that the Ignean Exhalations do aſcend more ſwiftly
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through the water, than doth the Air: which Air is ſeen by
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ence to aſcend more ſwiftly through the Water, than the Fiery
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lations through the Air: Therefore, we muſt of neceſſity conclude,
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that the ſaid Exhalations do much more expeditiouſly aſcend through
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the Water, than through the Air; and that, conſequently, they are
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moved by the Impulſe of the Ambient
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Medium,
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and not by an
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ſick Principle that is in them, of avoiding the Centre of the Earth;
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to which other grave Bodies tend.</
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The lighter
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Bodies alſend
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more ſwiftly
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through Water.</
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Fiery
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ons ascend
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row the Water
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more ſwiftly
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than doth the
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Air; & the Air
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aſcends more
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ſwiftly thorow
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the Water, than
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F
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ire thorow the
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Air.</
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>To that which for a finall concluſion,
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Signor Buonamico
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produceth
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of going about to reduce the deſcending or not deſcending, to the
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eaſie and uneaſie Diviſion of the
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Medium,
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and to the predominancy
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of the Elements: I anſwer, as to the firſt part, that that cannot in any
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manner be admitted as a Cauſe, being that in none of the Fluid
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Mediums,
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as the Air, the Water, and other Liquids, there is any
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Reſiſtance againſt Diviſion, but all by every the leaſt Force, are
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vided and penetrated, as I will anon demonſtrate: ſo, that of ſuch
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Reſiſtance of Diviſion there can be no Act, ſince it ſelf is not in
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ing. </
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>As to the other part, I ſay, that the predominancy of the
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ments in Moveables, is to be conſidered, as far as to the exceſſe or
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defect of Gravity, in relation to the
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Medium
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: for in that Action,
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the Elements operate not, but only, ſo far as they are grave or light:
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therefore, to ſay that the Wood of the Firre ſinks not, becauſe Air
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predominateth in it, is no more than to ſay, becauſe it is leſs grave
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than the Water. </
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<
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>Yea, even the immediate Cauſe, is its being leſs
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grave than the Water: and it being under the predominancy of the
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Air, is the Cauſe of its leſs Gravity: Therefore, he that alledgeth the
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predominancy of the Element for a Cauſe, brings the Cauſe of the
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Cauſe, and not the neereſt and immediate Cauſe. </
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<
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>Now, who knows
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not that the true Cauſe is the immediate, and not the mediate?
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Moreover, he that alledgeth Gravity, brings a Cauſe moſt perſpicuous
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to Sence: The cauſe we may very eaſily aſſertain our ſelves;
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whether Ebony, for example, and Firre, be more or leſs grave than
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water: but whether Earth or Air predominates in them, who ſhall
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make that manifeſt? </
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<
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>Certainly, no Experiment can better do it
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than to obſerve whether they ſwim or ſink. </
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<
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>So, that he who knows,
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not whether ſuch a Solid ſwims, unleſs when he knows that Air
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dominates in it, knows not whether it ſwim, unleſs he ſees it ſwim,
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for then he knows that it ſwims, when he knows that it is Air that
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predominates, but knows not that Air hath the predominance, unleſs
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he ſees it ſwim: therefore, he knows not if it ſwims, till ſuch time
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as he hath ſeen it ſwim.</
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