Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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              <s>
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              moreover confirmed with a moſt manifeſt experiment, may not
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              onely make this my conjecture to be eſteemed far from true,
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              but alſo to diſcredit with the World the reſt of this my Treatiſe:
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              Nevertheleſſe I have at laſt reſolved not to be wanting to my
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              ſelf, and to truth in a matter of it ſelf, and for other conſe­
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              quences moſt important; nor doth it ſeem to me requiſite in
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              difficult matters, ſuch as theſe we have in hand, to refigne our
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              ſelves to the common opinion, ſince it would be very ſtrange if
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              the multitude in ſuch matters ſhould hit on the truth, nor ought
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              that to be held difficult, in which even the vulgar do know the
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              truth and right; beſides that I hope morever to prove all in ſuch
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              ſort, that perſons of ſolid judgment, ſhall reſt fully perſwaded,
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              ſo that they but keep in mind the principal ground and foundation
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              of all this Treatiſe; and though that which I will propoſe, be a par­
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              ticular, as I have ſaid, pertaining onely to the intereſts of
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              Ferara
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              ;
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              yet nevertheleſſe from this particular Doctrine well underſtood,
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              good judgement may be made of other the like caſes in general.</s>
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              <s>I ſay then, for greater perſpecuity, and better underſtanding
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              of the whole, That about thirteen miles above
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              Ferara,
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              near to
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Stellata,
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              the main of P
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              o,
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              branching it ſelf into two parts, with one
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              of its Arms it cometh cloſe to
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferara,
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              retaining the name of the
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              P
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              o
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferara
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              ; and here again it divideth it ſelf into two other
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              branches, and that which continueth on the right hand, is called
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              the P
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              o
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              of
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              Argenta,
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              and of
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              Primaro
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ; and that on the left the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Volana.
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              But for that the bed of the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferara
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              being here­
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              tofore augmented and raiſed, it followeth that it reſteth wholly
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              deprived of the Water of the great P
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              o,
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              except in the time of its
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              greater ſwelling; for in that caſe, this P
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              o
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferara
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              being re­
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              ſtrained with a Bank near to
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bondeno,
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              would come alſo in the
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              overflowings of the main P
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              o,
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              to be free from its Waters: But the
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              Lords of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferara
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              are wont at ſuch time as the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
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              threateneth to
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              break out, to cut the bank; by which cutting, there diſ­
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              gorgeth ſuch a Torrent of Water, that it is obſerved, that the
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              main P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
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              in the ſpace of ſome few hours abateth near a foot, and
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              all perſons that I have ſpoken with hitherto, moved by this ex­
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              periment, think that it is of great profit and benefit to keep ready
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              this Vent, and to make uſe of it in the time of its fullneſſe. </s>
              <s>And
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              indeed, the thing conſidered ſimply, and at the firſt appearance,
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              it ſeemeth that none can think otherwiſe; the rather, for that
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              many examining the matter narrowly, meaſure that body of
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              Water which runneth by the Channel, or Bed of the P
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              o
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Fera­
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              ra,
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              and make account, that the body of the Water of the great
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              P
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              o,
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              is diminiſhed the quantity of the body of the Water which
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              runneth by the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
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              of
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              Ferara.
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              But if we well remember what
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              hath been ſaid in the beginning of the Treatiſe, and how much </s>
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