Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

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              been kindled, this kind of ore is roasted in an enclosed pot, which is stopped
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              up with lute. </s>
              <s>A less valuable ore is even burned on a hearth, being placed
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              upon the charcoal; for we do not make a great expenditure upon metals, if
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              they are not worth it. </s>
              <s>However, I will go into fuller details as to all these
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              methods of preparing ore, both a little later, and in the following Book.</s>
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              <s>For the present, I have decided to explain those things which mining
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              people usually call fluxes
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              6
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              because they are added to ores, not only for
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              assaying, but also for smelting. </s>
              <s>Great power is discovered in all these fluxes,
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              but we do not see the same effects produced in every case; and some are of a
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              very complicated nature. </s>
              <s>For when they have been mixed with the ore
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              and are melted in either the assay or the smelting furnace, some of them,
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              because they melt easily, to some extent melt the ore; others, because they
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              either make the ore very hot or penetrate into it, greatly assist the fire in
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              separating the impurities from the metals, and they also mix the fused part
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              with the lead, or they partly protect from the fire the ore whose metal contents
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              would be either consumed in the fire, or carried up with the fumes and fly out
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              of the furnace; some fluxes absorb the metals. </s>
              <s>To the first order be­
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              longs lead, whether it be reduced to little granules or resolved into ash by
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              fire, or red-lead
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              7
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              , or ochre made from lead
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              , or litharge, or hearth-lead, or
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              </s>
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          </chap>
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