Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
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not easily separated, is added sulphur and sand made from stones which
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easily melt.</
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Sal artíficíosus
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19
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suitable for use in assaying ore is made in many ways.
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<
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>By the first method, equal portions of argol, lees of vinegar, and urine,
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are all boiled down together till turned into salt. </
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<
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>The second method is from
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equal portions of the ashes which wool-dyers use, of lime. </
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<
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>of argol purified,
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and of melted salt; one
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libra
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of each of these ingredients is thrown into
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twenty
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líbrae
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of urine; then all are boiled down to one-third and strained,
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and afterward there is added to what remains one
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líbra
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and four
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uncíae
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of unmelted salt, eight pounds of lye being at the same time poured into
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the pots, with litharge smeared around on the inside, and the whole is boiled
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till the salt becomes thoroughly dry. </
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<
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>The third method follows. </
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>Unmelted
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salt, and iron which is eaten with rust, are put into a vessel, and after
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urine has been poured in, it is covered with a lid and put in a warm place
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for thirty days; then the iron is washed in the urine and taken out, and
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the residue is boiled until it is turned into salt. </
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<
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>In the fourth method by
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which
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sal artíficíosus
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is prepared, the lye made from equal portions of
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lime and the ashes which wool-dyers use, together with equal portions of
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salt, soap, white argol, and saltpetre, are boiled until in the end the mix
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ture evaporates and becomes salt. </
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<
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>This salt is mixed with the concentrates
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from washing, to melt them.</
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<
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>Saltpetre is prepared in the following manner, in order that it may be
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suitable for use in assaying ore. </
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>It is placed in a pot which is smeared on
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the inside with litharge, and lye made of quicklime is repeatedly poured over
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it, and it is heated until the fire consumes it. </
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<
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>Wherefore the saltpetre
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does not kindle with the fire, since it has absorbed the lime which preserves
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it, and thus it is prepared
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20
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.</
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<
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>The following compositions
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21
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are recommended to smelt all ores which
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the heat of fire breaks up or melts only with difficulty. </
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<
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>Of these, one is made
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from stones of the third order, which easily melt when thrown into hot
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furnaces. </
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<
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>They are crushed into pure white powder, and with half an
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uncia
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