Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
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powder is made from them, one part of which added to two parts of ore
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liquefies it and cleanses it of dross. </
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<
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>But the most powerful flux is one which
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has two
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drachmae
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of sulphur and as much glass-galls, and half an
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uncía
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of each of
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the following,—
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stíbíum,
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salt obtained from boiled urine, melted common salt,
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prepared saltpetre, litharge, vitriol, argol, salt obtained from ashes of musk ivy,
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dried lees of the
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aqua
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by which gold-workers separate gold from silver,
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alum reduced by fire to powder, and one
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uncía
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of camphor
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24
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combined with
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sulphur and ground into powder. </
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<
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>A half or whole portion of this mixture,
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as the necessity of the case requires, is mixed with one portion of the ore
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and two portions of lead, and put in a scorifier; it is sprinkled with powder
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of crushed Venetian glass, and when the mixture has been heated for an hour
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and a half or two hours, a button will settle in the bottom of the scorifier, and
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from it the lead is soon separated.</
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<
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>There is also a flux which separates sulphur, orpiment and realgar from
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metalliferous ore. </
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>This flux is composed of equal portions of iron slag,
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white
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tophus,
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and salt. </
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<
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>After these juices have been secreted, the ores
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themselves are melted, with argol added to them. </
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<
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>There is one flux which
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preserves
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stíbíum
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from the fire, that the fire may not consume it, and
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which preserves the metals from the
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stíbíum;
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and this is composed of equal
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portions of sulphur, prepared saltpetre, melted salt, and vitriol, heated
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together in lye until no odour emanates from the sulphur, which occurs after
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a space of three or four hours.
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25
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<
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>It is also worth while to substitute certain other mixtures. </
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<
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>Take two
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portions of ore properly prepared, one portion of iron filings, and likewise
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one portion of salt, and mix; then put them into a scorifier and place them
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in a muffle furnace; when they are reduced by the fire and run together, a
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button will settle in the bottom of the scorifier. </
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>
<
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>Or else take equal portions
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of ore and of lead ochre, and mix with them a small quantity of iron filings,
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and put them into a scorifier, then scatter iron filings over the mixture. </
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>
<
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>Or
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else take ore which has been ground to powder and sprinkle it in a crucible,
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and then sprinkle over it an equal quantity of salt that has been three or
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four times moistened with urine and dried; then, again and again alternately,
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powdered ore and salt; next, after the crucible has been covered with a
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lid and sealed, it is placed upon burning charcoal. </
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>
<
s
>Or else take one portion of
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ore, one portion of minute lead granules, half a portion of Venetian glass,
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and the same quantity of glass-galls. </
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>
<
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>Or else take one portion of ore, one
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portion of lead granules, half a portion of salt, one-fourth of a portion of argol,
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and the same quantity of lees of the
<
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aqua
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emph.end
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which separates gold from silver.
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</
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>
<
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>Or else take equal portions of prepared ore and a powder in which there
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</
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>
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