Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

Table of figures

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="238"/>
              powder is made from them, one part of which added to two parts of ore
                <lb/>
              liquefies it and cleanses it of dross. </s>
              <s>But the most powerful flux is one which
                <lb/>
              has two
                <emph type="italics"/>
              drachmae
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of sulphur and as much glass-galls, and half an
                <emph type="italics"/>
              uncía
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of each of
                <lb/>
              the following,—
                <emph type="italics"/>
              stíbíum,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              salt obtained from boiled urine, melted common salt,
                <lb/>
              prepared saltpetre, litharge, vitriol, argol, salt obtained from ashes of musk ivy,
                <lb/>
              dried lees of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              aqua
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              by which gold-workers separate gold from silver,
                <lb/>
              alum reduced by fire to powder, and one
                <emph type="italics"/>
              uncía
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of camphor
                <emph type="sup"/>
              24
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              combined with
                <lb/>
              sulphur and ground into powder. </s>
              <s>A half or whole portion of this mixture,
                <lb/>
              as the necessity of the case requires, is mixed with one portion of the ore
                <lb/>
              and two portions of lead, and put in a scorifier; it is sprinkled with powder
                <lb/>
              of crushed Venetian glass, and when the mixture has been heated for an hour
                <lb/>
              and a half or two hours, a button will settle in the bottom of the scorifier, and
                <lb/>
              from it the lead is soon separated.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>There is also a flux which separates sulphur, orpiment and realgar from
                <lb/>
              metalliferous ore. </s>
              <s>This flux is composed of equal portions of iron slag,
                <lb/>
              white
                <emph type="italics"/>
              tophus,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and salt. </s>
              <s>After these juices have been secreted, the ores
                <lb/>
              themselves are melted, with argol added to them. </s>
              <s>There is one flux which
                <lb/>
              preserves
                <emph type="italics"/>
              stíbíum
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              from the fire, that the fire may not consume it, and
                <lb/>
              which preserves the metals from the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              stíbíum;
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and this is composed of equal
                <lb/>
              portions of sulphur, prepared saltpetre, melted salt, and vitriol, heated
                <lb/>
              together in lye until no odour emanates from the sulphur, which occurs after
                <lb/>
              a space of three or four hours.
                <emph type="sup"/>
              25
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>It is also worth while to substitute certain other mixtures. </s>
              <s>Take two
                <lb/>
              portions of ore properly prepared, one portion of iron filings, and likewise
                <lb/>
              one portion of salt, and mix; then put them into a scorifier and place them
                <lb/>
              in a muffle furnace; when they are reduced by the fire and run together, a
                <lb/>
              button will settle in the bottom of the scorifier. </s>
              <s>Or else take equal portions
                <lb/>
              of ore and of lead ochre, and mix with them a small quantity of iron filings,
                <lb/>
              and put them into a scorifier, then scatter iron filings over the mixture. </s>
              <s>Or
                <lb/>
              else take ore which has been ground to powder and sprinkle it in a crucible,
                <lb/>
              and then sprinkle over it an equal quantity of salt that has been three or
                <lb/>
              four times moistened with urine and dried; then, again and again alternately,
                <lb/>
              powdered ore and salt; next, after the crucible has been covered with a
                <lb/>
              lid and sealed, it is placed upon burning charcoal. </s>
              <s>Or else take one portion of
                <lb/>
              ore, one portion of minute lead granules, half a portion of Venetian glass,
                <lb/>
              and the same quantity of glass-galls. </s>
              <s>Or else take one portion of ore, one
                <lb/>
              portion of lead granules, half a portion of salt, one-fourth of a portion of argol,
                <lb/>
              and the same quantity of lees of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              aqua
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              which separates gold from silver.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Or else take equal portions of prepared ore and a powder in which there
                <lb/>
              </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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