Alberti, Leone Battista, Architecture, 1755

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              <s>THE
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              ARCHITECTURE
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              OF
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              Leone Batiſta Alberti.
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            <p type="head">
              <s>BOOK X. CHAP. I.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>
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              Of the Defects in Buildings, whence they proceed, and their different Sorts;
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              which of them can be corrected by the Architect, and which cannot; and the
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              various Cauſes of a bad Air.
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              <s>Since in the Remainder of this
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              Work we are to treat of the correct­
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              ing the ſeveral Defects in Building,
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              it is neceſſary firſt to conſider what
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              thoſe Defects are which are capable of Emen­
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              dation by the Hand of Man: As the Phyſici­
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              ans think that the Knowledge of the Patient's
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              Diſtemper, is the greateſt Step towards his
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              Cure. </s>
              <s>Of the Defects in Buildings, as well
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              publick as private, ſome are innate and owing
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              to the Architect, and others proceed from fo­
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              reign Cauſes: And again, of theſe ſome are
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              capable of being repaired by Art and Contri­
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              vance, and others will not poſſibly admit of
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              any Remedy. </s>
              <s>What thoſe are which are owing
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              to the Architect, we have pointed out ſo plain­
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              ly in the laſt Book, that a Repetition of them
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              here is not neceſſary, having there ſhewn that
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              ſome are the Errors of the Mind, ſome of the
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              Hand; that thoſe of the Mind are an injudici­
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              ous Election, an inconvenient Compartition,
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              an improper Diſtribution, or confuſed Pro­
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              portions; whereas thoſe of the Hand are an
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              inaccurate or inconſiderate Preparation, Col­
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              lection, Working, and putting together the
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              Materials: Faults which the Negligent and
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              Unadviſed eaſily fall into. </s>
              <s>But the Defects
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              which proceed from foreign Cauſes are ſcarcely
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              to be numbered for their Multiplicity and Va­
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              riety: Of which Cauſes the firſt is that which
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              is ſaid to overcome all Things, Time, whoſe
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              Violence is no leſs deceitful than it is power­
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              ful, nor can any Sort of Bodies elude that great
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              Law of Nature, of Feeling the Decays of old
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              Age; inſomuch that ſome are of Opinion, the
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              very Heavens themſelves are corruptible only
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              for this Reaſon, becauſe they are Bodies. </s>
              <s>We
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              all know the Power of the Sun, of Damps, of
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              Froſts and of Storms. </s>
              <s>Battered by theſe En­
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              gines, we ſee the hardeſt Flints ſhiver and fall
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              to Pieces, and huge Pieces of Rock broken
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              down from the Mountains, with Parts of the
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              Hill itſelf along with them. </s>
              <s>To theſe add the
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              Violence or Negligence of Men. </s>
              <s>I call Heaven
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              to Witneſs, that I am often filled with the
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              higheſt Indignation when I ſee Buildings de­
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              moliſhed and going to Ruin by the Careleſs­
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              neſs, not to ſay abominable Avarice of the
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              Owners, Buildings whoſe Majeſty has ſaved
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              them from the Fury of the moſt barbarous and
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              enraged Enemies, and which Time himſelf,
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              that perverſe and obſtinate Deſtroyer, ſeems to
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              have deſtined to Eternity. </s>
              <s>To theſe again add
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              the ſudden Accidents of Fire, Lightening,
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              Earthquakes, Inundations, and thoſe many ſur­
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              prizing, unheard of and incredible Phænomena
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              which the miraculous Power of Nature ſo fre­
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              quently produces, and which are capable of </s>
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