Galilei, Galileo
,
Mechanics
,
1665
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[Figure 29]
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Of the SCREW of
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ARCHIMEDES
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to draw Waier.
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>I Do not think it ſit in this place to paſs over with Silence the
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Invention of
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Archimedes
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to raiſe Wa er with the Screw, which
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is not only marvellous, but miraculous: for we ſhall find that
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the Water aſcendeth in the Screw continually deſcending; and in
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a given Time, with a given Force doth raiſe an unſpeakable quan
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tity therof. </
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>But before we proceed any farther, let us declare the uſe
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of the Screw in making Water to riſe: And in the enſuing Figure,
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let us conſider the Line I L O P Q
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R S H being wrapped or twined
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about the Collumn M I K H,
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which Line you are to ſuppoſe to
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be a Chanel thorow which the
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Water may run: If we ſhall put
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the end I into the Water, making
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the Screw to ſtand leaning, ſo as
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the point L may be lower than
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the firſt I, as the Diagram ſhew
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eth, and ſhall turn it round about
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on the two Axes, T and V, the Water ſhall run thorow the Cha
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nel, till that in the end it ſhall diſcharge ſorth at the mouth H.
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>Now I ſay, that the Water, in its conveyance from the point I to
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the point H, doth go all the way deſcending, although the point H
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be higher than the point I. </
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>Which that it is ſo, we will declare
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in this manner. </
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>We will deſcribe the Triangle A C B, which is
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that of which the Screw H I is generated, in ſuch ſort that the
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Chanel of the Screw is repreſented by the Line A C, whoſe
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Aſcent and Elevation is determined by the Angle C A B; that is
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to ſay, if ſo be, that that Angle ſhall be the third or fourth part of a
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Right Angle, then the Elevation of the Chanel A C ſhall be ac
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cording to 1/3, or 1/4 of a Right Angle. </
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>And it is manifeſt; that the
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Riſe of that ſame Chanel A C will be taken away debaſing the
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point C as far as to B: for then the Chanel A C ſhall have no
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Elevation. </
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>And debaſing the point C a little below B, the Water
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will naturally run along the Chanel A C downwards from the
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point A towards C. </
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>Let us therefore conclude, that the Angle A
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being 1/3 of a Right Angle, the Chanel A C ſhall no longer have any
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Riſe, debaſing it on the part
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C
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for 1/3 of a Right Angle.</
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>Theſe things underſtood, let us infold the Triangle about the
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Column, and let us make the Screw B A E F G, &c. </
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>which if it
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ſhall be placed at Right Angles with the end B in the Water, turn
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ing it about, it ſhall not this way draw up the Water, the Chanel
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about the Column being elevated, as may be ſeen by the part B A.</
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