Bélidor, Bernard Forest de, La science des ingenieurs dans la conduite des travaux de fortification et d' architecture civile

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            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6259" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="2" file="0286" n="297" rhead="LA SCIENCE DES INGENIEURS,"/>
              cés, j’ai crû que le parti le plus ſûr étoit de raporter exactement
                <lb/>
              les plans, profils, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6260" xml:space="preserve">élevations, des édifices les plus aprouvés, qui
                <lb/>
              ont été faits dans les places neuves: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6261" xml:space="preserve">car comme ceux, qui en ont
                <lb/>
              donné les projets, peuvent paſſer avec raiſon pour les maîtres de
                <lb/>
              l’art, il eſt à preſumer qu’ils ont fait ce qui ſe pouvoit de mieux,
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6262" xml:space="preserve">qu’on ne peut s’écarter en ſuivant leurs modelles; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6263" xml:space="preserve">laiſſant à la
                <lb/>
              prudence de ceux qui les feront conſtruire, de faire les change-
                <lb/>
              mens qu’ils jugeront à propos.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6264" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6265" xml:space="preserve">Comme la Maçonnerie a été expliquée aſſez amplement dans
                <lb/>
              le troiſiéme Livre, je ne m’y arrêterai guere dans celui-ci, parce
                <lb/>
              que l’on trouvera dans le ſixieme des devis, qui ne laiſſeront rien
                <lb/>
              à deſirer pour la conſtruction des ouvrages qui demandent d’être
                <lb/>
              travaillés avec ſoin; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6266" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6267" xml:space="preserve">je ferai enſorte que toutes les matieres
                <lb/>
              ſoient ſi bien liées, que, ſans faire des repetitions inutiles, l’on puiſ-
                <lb/>
              ſe trouver dans une partie ce qui ſemble manquer à l’autre: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6268" xml:space="preserve">n’a-
                <lb/>
              yant pas fait mention juſqu’ici des qualités du bois qui s’employe
                <lb/>
              dans la charpente, des précautions qu’il faut prendre pour le met-
                <lb/>
              tre en œuvre, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6269" xml:space="preserve">comme on peut en eſtimer la force ou la reſiſtan-
                <lb/>
              ce, je commencerai d’abord par examiner toutes ces choſes, en-
                <lb/>
              ſuite j’en uſerai de même pour le fer; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6270" xml:space="preserve">puiſque ces deux matieres,
                <lb/>
              après la maçonnerie, ſont ce qu’il y a de plus eſſentiel dans la conſ-
                <lb/>
              truction des édifices: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6271" xml:space="preserve">enfin, je finirai ce quatriéme Livre par les
                <lb/>
              Maximes genérales que l’on doit ſuivre dans l’Architecture civile,
                <lb/>
              pour de-là paſſer au cinquiéme, où l’on trouvera tout ce qui peut
                <lb/>
              apartenir à la decoration des mêmes édifices, afin d’être égale-
                <lb/>
              ment inſtruit du ſolide & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6272" xml:space="preserve">de l’agreable.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6273" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div303" type="section" level="2" n="101">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head244" xml:space="preserve">CHAPITRE PREMIER.</head>
            <head xml:id="echoid-head245" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Des qualités du bois qui entre dans la charpente.</head>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6274" xml:space="preserve">LE meilleur bois, qu’on puiſſe employer dans les édifices, eſt
                <lb/>
              celui de chêne; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6275" xml:space="preserve">parce qu’étant fort dur, il reſiſte mieux que
                <lb/>
              tout autre au fardeau, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6276" xml:space="preserve">ſe conſerve plus long-tems en bon état,
                <lb/>
              n’étant point ſi ſujet à ſe pourrir par l’humidité: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6277" xml:space="preserve">il ſe conſerve mê-
                <lb/>
              me dans l’eau des tems infinis, où il acquiert une ſi grande dure-
                <lb/>
              té, qu’il n’eſt preſque pas poſſible de le travailler avec les outils;
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s6278" xml:space="preserve">c’eſt ce que l’on a remarqué pluſieurs fois aux pilots que l’on </s>
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