Alberti, Leone Battista, Architecture, 1755

List of thumbnails

< >
311
311 		312
312
313
313 		314
314
315
315 		316
316
317
317 		318
318
319
319 		320
320
< >
page |< < of 320 > >|
    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="003/01/306.jpg" pagenum="226"/>
              we are told that Water which is nitrous and
                <lb/>
              bitter, by throwing Barley-flower into it may
                <lb/>
              be ſo ſweetened, as to be fit to drink in two
                <lb/>
              Hours Time. </s>
              <s>But in order to refine the Wa­
                <lb/>
              ter of your Drinking-ciſterns more effectually,
                <lb/>
              make a little Well cloſe to your Ciſtern encloſ­
                <lb/>
              ed with its own proper Wall, and its Bottom a
                <lb/>
              ſmall matter lower than the Bottom of the Ciſ­
                <lb/>
              tern. </s>
              <s>This Well on the Side next the Ciſtern
                <lb/>
              muſt have ſome ſmall Openings filled up either
                <lb/>
              with Spunge or with Pumice-ſtone, that the
                <lb/>
              Water which gets out of the Ciſtern into the
                <lb/>
              Well may be thoroughly ſtrained and leave all
                <lb/>
              its coarſe Mixture behind it. </s>
              <s>In the Territory
                <lb/>
              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tarragona
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Spain,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              is found a white Pu­
                <lb/>
              mice-ſtone very full of ſmall Pores, through
                <lb/>
              which Water is preſently ſtrained to the great­
                <lb/>
              eſt Clearneſs. </s>
              <s>It will alſo come out extreme­
                <lb/>
              ly limpid if you fill up the Aperture, through
                <lb/>
              which the Water muſt paſs, with a Pot bored
                <lb/>
              full of Holes on every Side, and filled with
                <lb/>
              River-ſand, in order for the Water to make its
                <lb/>
              Way through this fine Strainer. </s>
              <s>At
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bologna,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              they have a ſoft ſandy Stone of a yellow Colour,
                <lb/>
              through which the Water diſtills Drop by
                <lb/>
              Drop till it is wonderfully refined. </s>
              <s>Some
                <lb/>
              make Bread of Sea-water; than which nothing
                <lb/>
              can be more unwholeſome. </s>
              <s>But yet thoſe
                <lb/>
              Strainers which we have mentioned are ſo ef­
                <lb/>
              fectual that they will make even Sea-water
                <lb/>
              wholeſome and ſweet.
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Solinus
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſays, that if
                <lb/>
              Sea-water is paſſed through a white Clay it
                <lb/>
              will become ſweet; and we find by Experience
                <lb/>
              that when it has been often ſtrained through
                <lb/>
              a fine Sand, it loſes its Saltneſs. </s>
              <s>If you ſink
                <lb/>
              an earthen Pot cloſe ſtopped, into the Sea, it
                <lb/>
              will be filled with freſh Water. </s>
              <s>Nor is it fo­
                <lb/>
              reign to our Purpoſe what we are told, that
                <lb/>
              when the Water of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Nile
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              is taken up into
                <lb/>
              any Veſſel proves foul, if you rub the Veſſel
                <lb/>
              juſt about the Edge of the Water with an Al­
                <lb/>
              mond, it will preſently make it clear. </s>
              <s>When
                <lb/>
              your Conduit Pipes begin to be ſtopt with
                <lb/>
              Slime or Dirt, take a Gall-nut, or a Ball made
                <lb/>
              of the Bark of Cork, tied to a long thin Pack­
                <lb/>
              thread. </s>
              <s>When the Current of the Water has
                <lb/>
              carried this Ball to the other End of the Pipe,
                <lb/>
              tie to the Pack-thread another ſtronger Cord
                <lb/>
              with a Wiſp of Broom faſtened to it, which
                <lb/>
              being drawn backwards and forwards in the
                <lb/>
              Pipe, will clear away the Dirt that ſtopt it up.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="head">
              <s>CHAP. IX.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="head">
              <s>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Of planting a Vineyard in a Meadow, or a Wood in a Marſh; and how we
                <lb/>
              may amend a Region which is moleſted with too much Water.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>I now proceed to other Conveniencies. </s>
              <s>We
                <lb/>
              obſerved that Food and Rayment was to
                <lb/>
              provided for the Inhabitants. </s>
              <s>With theſe we
                <lb/>
              are to be ſupplied by Agriculture, an Art
                <lb/>
              which it is not our Buſineſs to treat of here.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Yet there are ſome Caſes wherein the Archi­
                <lb/>
              tect may be of Service to the Husbandman:
                <lb/>
              As particularly when a Piece of Ground being
                <lb/>
              either too dry or too wet, is not in a good
                <lb/>
              Condition for Tillage. </s>
              <s>A Vineyard may be
                <lb/>
              planted in a moiſt Meadow in the following
                <lb/>
              Manner: Dig Trenches running from Eaſt to
                <lb/>
              Weſt in ſtraight Lines, at equal Diſtances from
                <lb/>
              each other, and as deep as may be, each nine
                <lb/>
              Foot broad and fifteen Foot diſtant from one
                <lb/>
              another, and throw up the Earth which you
                <lb/>
              dig out of the Trenches on the Intervals be­
                <lb/>
              tween them, in ſuch a Manner, that the Slope
                <lb/>
              may lie open to the Mid-day Sun: and theſe lit­
                <lb/>
              tle artificial Hills will be very proper for Vines
                <lb/>
              and very fruitful. </s>
              <s>On the contrary, upon a dry
                <lb/>
              Hill you may make a Meadow by the following
                <lb/>
              Method: Dig a long ſquare Trench in the
                <lb/>
              upper Part of the Hill, with its Sides all equally
                <lb/>
              high and exactly level. </s>
              <s>Into this Trench bring
                <lb/>
              Water from the next Springs above it, which
                <lb/>
              running over on the lower Side will equally and
                <lb/>
              continually water the Ground beneath. </s>
              <s>In the
                <lb/>
              Country of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Verona,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              a Soil full of round Stones,
                <lb/>
              very naked and barren, the Inhabitants in ſome
                <lb/>
              Places, by continual watering it, have raiſed
                <lb/>
              very fine Graſs and ſo turned it into a beautiful
                <lb/>
              Meadow. </s>
              <s>If you deſire to have a Wood grow
                <lb/>
              in a Marſh, turn up the Ground with the
                <lb/>
              Plough, and entirely grub up all Brambles,
                <lb/>
              and then ſow it with Acorns about the Time
                <lb/>
              of Sun-riſe. </s>
              <s>This Plantation will grow up in­
                <lb/>
              to a thick Wood, and the Trees will draw to
                <lb/>
              themſelves moſt of the ſuperfluous Moiſture:
                <lb/>
              And the ſpreading of the Roots together with
                <lb/>
              the falling of the Leaves and Sprigs, will raiſe
                <lb/>
              the Ground higher. </s>
              <s>Afterwards if you bring </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
Impressum