Alberti, Leon Battista, L' architettura

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div27" type="section" level="1" n="13">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1156" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="27" file="031" n="31" rhead="LIBRO PRIMO."/>
            fecion queſto: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1157" xml:space="preserve">per fare che il muro quaſi che aggiuntoli appoggi, a quali ſi acco-
              <lb/>
            ſti, diueniſſe piu gagliardo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1158" xml:space="preserve">Nel trattare de modi delle mura ſi debbe comin
              <lb/>
            ciare dalle coſe piu degne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1159" xml:space="preserve">Queſto luogho adũque ne auertiſce, che noi douia
              <lb/>
            mo trattare delle Colonne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1160" xml:space="preserve">di quelle coſe, che ſi aſpettano a eſſe colõne; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1161" xml:space="preserve">cõcio
              <lb/>
            ſia che che eſsi ordini di Colõne non ſono altro, che un muro aperto, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1162" xml:space="preserve">feſſo in
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-01" xlink:href="note-031-01a" xml:space="preserve">5</note>
            piu luoghi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1163" xml:space="preserve">Et giouandone di diftinire eſſa Colonna, nõ ſarà fuor di propoſito
              <lb/>
            ſe io dirò che ella ſia vna certa ferma, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1164" xml:space="preserve">perpetua parte di muro, ritta a piombo,
              <lb/>
            dal piano del terreno all’alto, atta a reggerele coperture, Oltra di queſto in tut-
              <lb/>
            ta l’arte dello edificare, non trouarai coſa alcuna, che quanto alla opera, alla ſpe-
              <lb/>
            ſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1165" xml:space="preserve">alla gratia, tu la anteponga alle colonne. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1166" xml:space="preserve">Ma hanno eſſe colõne vn certo
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-02" xlink:href="note-031-02a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            che in loro, mediante il quale, elle hãno una certa diſſomiglianza. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1167" xml:space="preserve">Noi in que
              <lb/>
            ſto luogo non pretermetteremo la loro ſimilitudine, perche ſi aſpetta alla gene
              <lb/>
            ralità: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1168" xml:space="preserve">ma della diſſomigliãza loro, appartenendoſi alla ſpecie, ne parleremo al-
              <lb/>
            troue al ſuo luogo; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1169" xml:space="preserve">ma ꝑ cominciare come ſi dice da eſſe radici, a tutte le Colon
              <lb/>
            ne ſi fanno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1170" xml:space="preserve">metton ſotto i fondamenti; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1171" xml:space="preserve">pareggiati i fondamẽti al piano dello
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-03" xlink:href="note-031-03a" xml:space="preserve">15</note>
            ſpazzo, vſarono porui ſopra vn muricciuolo, il quale noi chiamaremo zoccolo,
              <lb/>
            altri forſe lo chiameranno Dado, ſopra il zoccolo poneuano la baſa, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1172" xml:space="preserve">ſopra la
              <lb/>
            baſa la colonna, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1173" xml:space="preserve">ſopra la colonna, il capitello, la proportione loro era che dal
              <lb/>
            mezo in giu elle fuſſero alquanto piu groſſette, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1174" xml:space="preserve">dal mezo in ſu ſi andaſſero al-
              <lb/>
            quãto riſtringẽdo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1175" xml:space="preserve">che ella fuſſe ancora da piede, alquãto piu groſſa, che la piu
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-04" xlink:href="note-031-04a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            alta parte da capo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1176" xml:space="preserve">Etio mi pẽſo che da principio la colõna fuſſe trouata ꝑ ſo
              <lb/>
            ſtenere le coperture. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1177" xml:space="preserve">Dipoi gli ingegni de gli huomini, ſi come noi ueggia-
              <lb/>
            mo, ſi eccitarono a coſe degne; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1178" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1179" xml:space="preserve">ſi sforzarono che le coſe, che loro mortali edi-
              <lb/>
            ficauano, rimaneſſero quaſi eterne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1180" xml:space="preserve">immortali; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1181" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1182" xml:space="preserve">per queſto poſero colõne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1183" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            traui, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1184" xml:space="preserve">intauolature, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1185" xml:space="preserve">coperture tutte di Marmo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1186" xml:space="preserve">Et nel porre queſte coſe
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-05" xlink:href="note-031-05a" xml:space="preserve">25</note>
            gli Architettoriantichi, imitarono talmente la natura di eſſe coſe, che e’ non vol
              <lb/>
            lono parere di eſſerſi punto diſcoſtati dall’uſo cõmune degli edificij; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1187" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1188" xml:space="preserve">inſieme
              <lb/>
            poſono ogni ſtudio che le opere loro, fuſsino, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1189" xml:space="preserve">atte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1190" xml:space="preserve">ſtabili ad vſarle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1191" xml:space="preserve">gra-
              <lb/>
            tioſe alla viſta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1192" xml:space="preserve">La natura certo ne porſele Colonne da principio di legno, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1193" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            tõde; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1194" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1195" xml:space="preserve">dipoi nell’uſarle è auenuto che elleno in alcuni luoghi ſi ſiano fatte qua-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-06" xlink:href="note-031-06a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            dre. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1196" xml:space="preserve">La onde ſe io ne giudico bene, vedẽdoſi nelle Colõne di legno certi anel-
              <lb/>
            li, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1197" xml:space="preserve">cerchi di Brõzo colato, o di ferro poſti da piedi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1198" xml:space="preserve">da capo, acciò che per il
              <lb/>
            cõtinouo peſo, che elleno doueuano reggere, nõ ſi fendeſſero: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1199" xml:space="preserve">Auẽne che poi
              <lb/>
            gli Archittetori laſciarono nel piede delle colõne di Marmo, vn Collarino a ſi-
              <lb/>
            militudine d’una faſcetta; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1200" xml:space="preserve">Onde auiene che ꝑ lei ſi difendono dalle gocciole,
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-07" xlink:href="note-031-07a" xml:space="preserve">35</note>
            che riſaltano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1201" xml:space="preserve">Et da capo ancora laſciarono vna faſciuola piccola, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1202" xml:space="preserve">ſopra vi
              <lb/>
            poſono vn mazzocchio; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1203" xml:space="preserve">Con i quali aiuti ella pareſſe loro una Colonna di le-
              <lb/>
            gno afforzificata. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1204" xml:space="preserve">Ma nelle Baſe delle Colonne, oſſeruarono che nella loro
              <lb/>
            piu baſſa parte, fuſsino di linee dritte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1205" xml:space="preserve">d’Angoli a ſquadra: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1206" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1207" xml:space="preserve">nella ſuperficie
              <lb/>
            di ſopra di eſſe, vollono che eſſa baſa fuſsi della groſſezza del giro della Co-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-031-08" xlink:href="note-031-08a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            lonna; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1208" xml:space="preserve">Et oſſeruarono che queſta baſa da ogni lato fuſſe piu larga, che alta. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1209" xml:space="preserve">Et
              <lb/>
            vollono che ella fuſsi piu larga che la Colonna, vna determinata parte di ſe
              <lb/>
            ſteſſa; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1210" xml:space="preserve">Et la ſuperficie di ſotto di eſſa baſa uolſono ancora piu larga, che quella
              <lb/>
            diſopra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1211" xml:space="preserve">uollono che il zoccolo fuſſe una certa determinata parte piu </s>
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