Galilei, Galileo
,
The systems of the world
,
1661
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<
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pagenum
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302
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<
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>SALV. </
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>
<
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>I am ready to ſerve you. </
s
>
<
s
>You have already ſeen me
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draw the form of the
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Copernican
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Syſteme; againſt the truth of
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which
<
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Mars
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himſelf, in the firſt place, makes an hot charge; who, in
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caſe it were true, that its diſtances from the earth ſhould ſo much
<
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vary, as that from the leaſt diſtance to the greateſt, there were
<
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twice as much difference, as from the earth to the Sun; it would be
<
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neceſſary, that when it is neareſt unto us, its
<
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type
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diſcus
<
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would ſhew
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more than 60. times bigger than it ſeems, when it is fartheſt from
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us; nevertheleſs that diverſity of apparent magnitude is not to be
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ſeen, nay in its oppoſition with the Sun, when its neareſt to the
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Earth, it doth not ſhew ſo much as quadruple and quintuple in
<
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bigneſs, to what it is, when towards the conjunction it cometh to
<
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be occulted under the Suns rayes. </
s
>
<
s
>Another and greater difficulty
<
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/>
doth
<
emph
type
="
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"/>
Venus
<
emph.end
type
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"/>
exhibit; For if revolving about the Sun, as
<
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Copernicus
<
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<
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<
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affirmeth, it were one while above, & another while below the ſame,
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receding and approaching to us ſo much as the Diameter of the
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cle deſcribed would be, at ſuch time as it ſhould be below the Sun,
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and neareſt to us, its
<
emph
type
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"/>
diſcus
<
emph.end
type
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"/>
would ſhew little leſs than 40 times
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/>
ger than when it is above the Sun, near to its other conjunction; yet
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nevertheleſſe, the difference is almoſt imperceptible Let us add
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/>
<
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other difficulty, that in caſe the body of
<
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type
="
italics
"/>
Venus
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
be of it ſelf dark, and
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onely ſhineth as the Moon, by the illumination of the Sun, which
<
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ſeemeth moſt reaſonable; it would ſhew forked or horned at ſuch
<
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/>
time as it is under the Sun, as the Moon doth when ſhe is in like
<
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manner near the Sun; an accident that is not to be diſcovered in
<
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her. </
s
>
<
s
>Whereupon
<
emph
type
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"/>
Copernicus
<
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"/>
affirmeth, that either ſhe is light of
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her ſelf, or elſe that her ſubſtance is of ſuch a nature, that it can
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imbue the Solar light, and tranſmit the ſame through all its whole
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depth, ſo as to be able to appear to us alwayes ſhining; and in this
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manner
<
emph
type
="
italics
"/>
Copernicus
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
excuſeth the not changing figure in
<
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type
="
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Venus
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
: but
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of her ſmall variation of Magnitude, he maketh no mention at all;
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<
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and much leſs of
<
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"/>
Mars
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
than was needful; I believe as being
<
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ble ſo well as he deſired to ſalve a
<
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type
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"/>
Phænomenon
<
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ſo contrary to his
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Hypotheſis, and yet being convinced by ſo many other occurrences
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and reaſons he maintained, and held the ſame Hypotheſis to be true.
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</
s
>
<
s
>Beſides theſe things, to make the Planets, together with the Earth,
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to move above the Sun as the Centre of their converſions, and the
<
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/>
<
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Moon onely to break that order, and to have a motion by it ſelf
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about the earth; and to make both her, the Earth, and the whole
<
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/>
Elementary
<
emph
type
="
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"/>
Sphere,
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
to move all together about the Sun in a year,
<
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/>
this ſeemeth to pervert the order of this Syſteme, which rendreth
<
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it unlikely and falſe. </
s
>
<
s
>Theſe are thoſe difficulties that make me
<
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/>
wonder how
<
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type
="
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"/>
Aristarchus
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
and
<
emph
type
="
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"/>
Copernicus,
<
emph.end
type
="
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"/>
who muſt needs have
<
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/>
ſerved them, not having been able for all that to ſalve them, have
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yet notwithſtanding by other admirable occurrences been induced </
s
>
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