Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

Table of figures

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.014163">
                <pb pagenum="669" xlink:href="016/01/316.jpg"/>
              denſiſſimum terra, mediocre aqua rariſſi­
                <lb/>
              mum aër: omniáque frigida. </s>
              <s id="s.014164">Sed aër, quod
                <lb/>
              rarus ſit, minùs frigidus eſſe videtur? </s>
              <s id="s.014165">iuxta
                <lb/>
              cœlum autem ob perpetuum motum rareſcit
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1887"/>
                <lb/>
              mirum in modum, atque is æther vocatur,
                <lb/>
              adeò ob raritatem parùm frigidus, vt tempe­
                <lb/>
              ramento proximus ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.014166">Cœlum verò cùm ſit
                <lb/>
              æthere longè tenuius, temperatiſſimum eſt
                <lb/>
              aut ſimpliciter, aut inter omnia corpora. </s>
              <s id="s.014167">Si­
                <lb/>
              quidem ſimpliciter, æternum erit, vt Ariſto­
                <lb/>
              teles ſentit: ſi inter reliqua corpora ſolùm,
                <lb/>
              aliquando & ipſum finem habebit, vt legi
                <lb/>
              noſtræ placet, & nos de his in libris de Arca­
                <lb/>
              nis æternitatis diximus. </s>
              <s id="s.014168">Sed & lucem, & lu­
                <lb/>
              men calida eſſe, ſuperiùs docuimus. </s>
              <s id="s.014169">Subſtan­
                <lb/>
              tia igitur cœli tenuiſſima eſt: non autem tota
                <lb/>
              ſimiliter, ſed vt lux luce clarior, ita etiam
                <lb/>
              ſubſtantia tenuior. </s>
              <s id="s.014170">Propagantur autem quæ­
                <lb/>
              cunque non per ſe æterna ſunt, alia quidem
                <lb/>
              vt ſubſtantię, alia vt accidentia. </s>
              <s id="s.014171">Et rurſus, alia
                <lb/>
              verè ſimile ſibi generando atque idem, vt
                <lb/>
              equus equum: alia ſimile, ſed non idem, vt
                <lb/>
              lux lumen. </s>
              <s id="s.014172">Miſerta enim natura, quòd in ſin­
                <lb/>
              gulari perpetuum ſeruare nequit, generatio­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1888"/>
                <lb/>
              ne reparat. </s>
              <s id="s.014173">Sed poſtquam ſemel natum fue­
                <lb/>
              rit, ampliùs redire non poteſt: æternum enim
                <lb/>
              eſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.014174">Pars enim æternitatis, quæ rationem
                <lb/>
              habet, infinitum tempus continet: velut ſi in
                <lb/>
              centum annis ephemeris idem ſemper redi­
                <lb/>
              ret, par eſſet immortalibus. </s>
              <s id="s.014175">Sed tamen im­
                <lb/>
              mortalis non eſſet: æternitas enim quodlibet
                <lb/>
              tempus infinitum continet. </s>
              <s id="s.014176">Et quicquid infi­
                <lb/>
              nito multiplicatur, eſt infinitum. </s>
              <s id="s.014177">Sed & aliud
                <lb/>
              maius in his periculum, quoniam quod ge­
                <lb/>
              neratur, neceſſariò poteſt ex aliqua materia
                <lb/>
              generari:
                <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan>
              ſi non poteſt ex vlla materia ge­
                <lb/>
              nerari, aut generabitur, quod generari non
                <lb/>
              poteſt ( repugnantiam autem hoc continet
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              aut abſque materia generabitur: non erit igi­
                <lb/>
              tur compoſitum. </s>
              <s id="s.014178">Materia igitur aliqua eſt, ex
                <lb/>
              qua generabitur, quod generari debet. </s>
              <s id="s.014179">Dum
                <lb/>
              igitur genitum eſt ac manet, potentia illa
                <lb/>
              deſiit, atque in actum tranſmutata eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.014180">Vel
                <lb/>
              igitur alia in eadem materia relicta eſt po­
                <lb/>
              tentia, atque ſic dum eſt, denuò poteſt gene­
                <lb/>
              rari, quod eſſe non poteſt: quod enim gene­
                <lb/>
              ratur, in eadem materia non eſt, vel in alia
                <lb/>
              materia, aut materiæ parte potentia illa reli­
                <lb/>
              cta eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.014181">Itaque tunc generetur: quod cùm iam
                <lb/>
              ſit, erunt iam duo illa vnum ex ſuppoſito, po­
                <lb/>
              teritque vnum tamen corrumpi, & alterum
                <lb/>
              manere, atque ita eſſe, & non eſſe, corrumpi,
                <lb/>
              & non corrumpi, vnúmque corpus in duobus
                <lb/>
              locis,
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              alia innumera perabſurda. </s>
              <s id="s.014182">Abſur­
                <lb/>
              dum eſt & illud, ſi iam corrupta potentia
                <lb/>
              poſtquam genitum eſt, in eadem redeat, poſt
                <lb/>
              corruptum ſit: erit enim potentia potentiæ:
                <lb/>
              nec niſi in eadem materia illud generari po­
                <lb/>
              terit, quod eſt
                <expan abbr="abſurdiſſimũ">abſurdiſſimum</expan>
              , cùm ad minimas
                <lb/>
              partes diſpergatur, & vt continua nunquam
                <lb/>
              in idem redeat: neque enim ſi talis eſſet, vbi
                <lb/>
              diſſolui poſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.014183">Itaque quod ſemel generatur,
                <lb/>
              vt ampliùs redeat, eſt impoſſibile. </s>
              <s id="s.014184">Sed non vt
                <lb/>
              ſimile. </s>
              <s id="s.014185">Horum igitur, quæ generantur, alia
                <lb/>
              ſerò, & parùm multiplicantur, vt animalia,
                <lb/>
              & plantæ: alia celerrimè, non tamen plurima
                <lb/>
              producunt, vt ignis: ſtatim enim ignis ignem
                <lb/>
              generat, atque ille alium: eóque modo ſi ma­
                <lb/>
              teria non deſit, in immenſum creſcit. </s>
              <s id="s.014186">Corpo­
                <lb/>
              ra igitur in infinitum propagantur, quia lo­
                <lb/>
              cus in orbe finitus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.014187">Sed ſimplia celerius,
                <lb/>
              & inter compoſita quæcunque ſunt imperfe­
                <lb/>
              ctiora, vt muſcæ ac vermes: & inter ea, quæ
                <lb/>
              ſunt parentibus genita viliſſima quæque, vt
                <lb/>
              mures, & cuniculi: vnumquódque enim vt
                <lb/>
              perfectius eſt, eò minùs multiplicatur atque
                <lb/>
              ſeriùs: quod verò perfectum eſt, nequaquam.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.014188">Lux verò corpus non eſt, è corpore tamen
                <lb/>
              prodit, quare ſibi ſimile generat, non autem
                <lb/>
              ſpecie idem, nec quod producitur alia gene­
                <lb/>
              rare poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.014189">Sed infinita eſt illius propagatio,
                <lb/>
              quoniam quod generatur, ſubſtantia non eſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.014190">Cùm enim Sol exurgit, illius infinitæ ſunt
                <lb/>
              ſpecies: dico autem lucis, non Solis. </s>
              <s id="s.014191">Quicquid
                <lb/>
              autem ſic generatur, protinus etiam per ſe
                <lb/>
              corrumpitur. </s>
              <s id="s.014192">Intellectus autem cum ſubſtan­
                <lb/>
              tia quædam ſit, ſed abſque corpore, ſubitò
                <lb/>
              multiplicatur in infinitum: audientes enim
                <lb/>
              omnes intelligunt: & ſi hi proferrent, qui
                <lb/>
              audiunt, intelligerent & alij non minùs. </s>
              <s id="s.014193">Igi­
                <lb/>
              tur intellectus infinities propagatur, ſi ab
                <lb/>
              abſque impedimento ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.014194">Eadem ratio eſt
                <lb/>
              omnium, quæ intelligunt ſubſtantiarum, ſed
                <lb/>
              non eodem modo. </s>
              <s id="s.014195">Nam (vt dictum eſt) noſter
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1889"/>
                <lb/>
              intellectus eſt vmbratilis. </s>
              <s id="s.014196">Neque tamen in­
                <lb/>
              tellectus tempori ſubiacent, ſed ſpatium, quo
                <lb/>
              permanent, imaginantur, æuumque id ap­
                <lb/>
              pellant. </s>
              <s id="s.014197">Eſt autem vt in circulo centrum: vni­
                <lb/>
              cuique enim parti circuli correſpondet: & ſi
                <lb/>
              circulus moueatur, immobile manet
                <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
              vt in tempore æuum, atque in tempore ſem­
                <lb/>
              piterno. </s>
              <s id="s.014198">Æuum igitur nec extenditur, nec
                <lb/>
              fluit, ſed ſempiternum manet. </s>
              <s id="s.014199">Viſum eſt au­
                <lb/>
              tem quibuſdam, ob id tempus circulo finiri:
                <lb/>
              at de hoc libris de Arcanis æternitatis ſatis
                <lb/>
              dictum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.014200">Seu igitur tempori æuum confe­
                <lb/>
              ratur, ſeu non, diuiſionis eſt expers, Scio La­
                <lb/>
              tinos hoc nomine aliud intelligere: ſed nos
                <lb/>
              quid velimus expoſuimus: nam res, non no­
                <lb/>
              mina, hîc tractantur. </s>
              <s id="s.014201">Hoc verò æuum, in quo
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1890"/>
                <lb/>
              intellectus manent, neceſſariò aut factum,
                <lb/>
              aut æternum eſt: quia in æternis, quod eſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.014202">eſſe neceſſe eſt: quod non eſt, eſſe non poteſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.014203">Nam mortalis natura, non magis immorta­
                <lb/>
              litatis eſt capax, quàm immortalis mortali­
                <lb/>
              tatis. </s>
              <s id="s.014204">Deus autem omnibus aliquid melius,
                <lb/>
              neque in æuo, neque in tempore. </s>
              <s id="s.014205">Quod igi­
                <lb/>
              tur ſtabile per ſe, eſt æternitas: quod profluit,
                <lb/>
              & manet, eſt ęuum: quod non manet, & fluit,
                <lb/>
              tempus. </s>
              <s id="s.014206">Mundus igitur, quoniam manere vi­
                <lb/>
              detur, in æuo eſt, & in mundo tempus. </s>
              <s id="s.014207">Mun­
                <lb/>
              di optimam partem vocant paradiſum, id eſt,
                <lb/>
              hortum conſitum, ſeu locum amœniſſimum,
                <lb/>
              & voluptatum. </s>
              <s id="s.014208">Duplex hic, cœleſtis beato­
                <lb/>
              rum, & terreſtris. </s>
              <s id="s.014209">Omiſſo eo, Zeilam inſula
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1891"/>
                <lb/>
              non procul è Chalecuto paradiſus eſſe vide­
                <lb/>
              tur: eſt enim orbis locus amœniſſimus, ſalu­
                <lb/>
              britate aëris, vitæ longitudine (nam homines
                <lb/>
              ibi ad 150. annos perueniunt) fontibus, ſyl­
                <lb/>
              uis, pratis, frugibus, fructibus, feris, elephan­
                <lb/>
              tis, piſcibus, aromatibus, margaritis, gem­
                <lb/>
              mis, auro atque argento. </s>
              <s id="s.014210">Hæc igitur orbis
                <lb/>
              pars præſtantiſſima, ſed non vniuerſi. </s>
              <s id="s.014211">Opti­
                <lb/>
              mum enim in his inferioribus, peſſimum eo­
                <lb/>
              rum, quæ ſuperiùs continentur. </s>
              <s id="s.014212">Medij autem
                <lb/>
              ſunt motus quidam, quos actiones vocamus.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.014213">Tria autem ſunt actionum genera. </s>
              <s id="s.014214">Primum
                <lb/>
              quòd fit à corpore in corpus, vocatúrque
                <lb/>
              mutatio. </s>
              <s id="s.014215">Secundum influxus: hic in corpus,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1892"/>
                <lb/>
              ſed non à corpore, verùm occulta quadam </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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