Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="068/01/032.jpg" pagenum="18"/>
              ſo to be by the Signors of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bracciano
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              to the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Apoſtolick-Chamber
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              ;
                <lb/>
              and there was a meaſure thereof made at the beginning of the
                <lb/>
              Aqueduct; which meaſure proved afterwards much leſſe and
                <lb/>
              ſhort, conſidered and taken in
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Rome,
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              and thence followed diſ­
                <lb/>
              contents and great diſorders, and all becauſe this property of
                <lb/>
              Running-Waters, of increaſing in meaſure, where the velocity
                <lb/>
              decreaſed; and of diminiſhing in meaſure, where the velocity
                <lb/>
              augmented, was not lookt into.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="head">
              <s>APPENDIX III.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Alike errour, in my judgement, hath beeen committed by
                <lb/>
              all thoſe learned men, which to prevent the diverſion of
                <lb/>
              the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bologna
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              into P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              by the Channels, through
                <lb/>
              which it at preſent runneth, judged, that the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              being in its
                <lb/>
              greater excreſcence about 2000 feet, and the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              being near
                <lb/>
              1000 feet broad, they judged, I ſay, that letting the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              into
                <lb/>
              P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              it would have raiſed the Water of P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              two feet; from which
                <lb/>
              riſe, they concluded afterwards moſt exorbitant diſorders, either
                <lb/>
              of extraordinary Inundations, or elſe of immenſe and intolera­
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              ble expences to the people in raiſing the Banks of P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              and with ſuch like weakneſſes, often vainly diſturbed the minds
                <lb/>
              of the perſons concerned: But now from the things demonſtra­
                <lb/>
              ted, it is manifeſt, That the meaſure of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              would
                <lb/>
              be different from the meaſure of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ; in caſe that the
                <lb/>
              velocity of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſhould differ from the velocity
                <lb/>
              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              as is more exactly determined in the fourth Pro­
                <lb/>
              poſition.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="head">
              <s>APPENDIX IV.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>No leſs likewiſe are thoſe Ingeneers and Artiſts deceived,
                <lb/>
              that have affirmed, That letting the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              into P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              there
                <lb/>
              would be no riſe at all in the Water of P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              : For the truth
                <lb/>
              is, That letting
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              into P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              there would alwaies be a riſing; but
                <lb/>
              ſometimes greater, ſometimes leſſe, as the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſhall have a ſwifter
                <lb/>
              or ſlower Current; ſo that if the P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſhall be conſtituted in a great
                <lb/>
              velocity, the riſe will be very ſmall; and if the ſaid P
                <emph type="italics"/>
              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſhall be
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              ſlow in its courſe, then the riſe will be notable.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="head">
              <s>APPENDIX V.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>And here it will not be beſides the purpoſe to advertiſe, That
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              the meaſures, partments, and diſtributions of the Waters
                <lb/>
              of Fountains, cannot be made exactly, unleſs there be con­</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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