Galilei, Galileo
,
The systems of the world
,
1661
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thoſe admirable conſequences which are derived from the Earths
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annual motion, to the other Planets, that is to ſay, of the ^{*}
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ons and retrogradations of the three uppermoſt in particular; he
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ſubjoyneth, that this apparent mutation (which is diſcerned more
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in
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Mars
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than in
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Jupiter,
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by reaſon
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Jupiter
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is more remote, and
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yet leſſe in
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Saturn,
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by reaſon it is more remote than
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Jupiter
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) in
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the fixed Stars, did remain imperceptible, by reaſon of their
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immenſe remoteneſſe from us, in compariſon of the diſtances of
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Jupiter
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or
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Saturn.
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Here the Adverſaries of this opinion riſe up,
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and ſuppoſing that fore-named imperceptibility of
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Copernicus,
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as
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if it had been taken by him, for a real and abſolute thing of
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thing, and adding, that a fixed Star of one of the leſſer
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tudes, is notwithſtanding perceptible, ſeeing that it cometh
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der the ſence of ſeeing, they go on to calculate with the
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vention of other falſe aſſumptions, and concluding that it is
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ſary by the
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Copernican
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Doctrine, to admit, that a fixed Star is much
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bigger than the whole grand Orb. </
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>Now to diſcover the vanity
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of this their whole proceeding, I ſhall ſhew that a fixed Star of the
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ſixth magnitude, being ſuppoſed to be no bigger than the Sun,
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one may thence conclude with true demonſtrations, that the
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ſtance of the ſaid fixed Stars from us, cometh to be ſo great, that
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the annual motion of the Earth, which cauſeth ſo great and
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notable variations in the Planets, appears ſcarce obſervable in
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them; and at the ſame time, I will diſtinctly ſhew the groſs
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fallacies, in the aſſumptions of
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Copernicus
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his Adverſaries.</
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Litigious Lawyers
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that are
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ed in an ill cauſe,
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keep cloſe to ſome
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expreſſion fallen
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from the adverſe
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party at unawares.
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* Or progreſſions.</
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The apparent
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diverſity of motion
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in the Planets, is
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inſenſible in the
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fixed Start.
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Suppoſing that a
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fixed Star of the
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ſixth magnitude is
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no bigger than the
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Sun,
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the diverſitie
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which is ſo great
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in the Planets, in
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the fixed Stars is
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almost inſenſible.
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>And firſt of all, I ſuppoſe with the ſaid
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Copernicus,
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and alſo
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with his oppoſers, that the Semidiameter of the grand Orb, which
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is the diſtance of the Earth from the Sun, containeth 1208
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diameters of the ſaid Earth. </
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>Secondly, I premiſe with the
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ance aforeſaid, and of truth, that the ^{*} apparent diameter of the
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Sun in its mean diſtance, to be about half a degree, that is, 30.
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min. </
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<
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which are 1800. ſeconds, that is, 108000. thirds.
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>And becauſe the apparent Diameter of a fixed Star of the firſt
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magnitude, is no more than 5. ſeconds, that is, 300. thirds, and
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the Diameter of a fixed Star of the ſixth magnitude, 50. thirds,
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(and herein is the greateſt errour of the
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Anti-Copernicans
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)
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fore the Diameter of the Sun, containeth the Diameter of a
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fixed Star of the ſixth magnitude 2160 times. </
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<
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>And therefore
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if a fixed Star of the ſixth magnitude, were ſuppoſed to be really
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equal to the Sun, and not bigger, which is the ſame as to ſay, if
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the Sun were ſo far removed, that its Diameter ſhould ſeem to
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be one of the 2160. parts of what it now appeareth, its diſtance
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ought of neceſſity to be 2160. times greater than now in effect it
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is, which is as much as to ſay, that the diſtance of the fixed Stars
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of the ſixth magnitude, is 2160. Semidiameters of the grand </
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