Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.001255">
                <pb pagenum="385" xlink:href="016/01/034.jpg"/>
              chanto & alumine liquido, æquis partibus,
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              addita illis demum æruginis parte quarta:
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              hæc eadem arte facta, nec ipſis parcit la­
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              pidibus. </s>
              <s id="s.001256">Si tamen aliquid Oſtracitis lapi­
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              dis Smiridis vocati, quo gemmas expo­
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              liunt, addideris, copioſiorem aquam & me­
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              liorem habebis, quia non vritur. </s>
              <s id="s.001257">His igi­
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              tur experimento acceptis, videamus cur
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              aqua hæc adeò potens euadat: namque ma­
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              nifeſtum edocet experimentum, ſicciorem
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              partem vi ignis attenuatam, vim igneam ac
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg126"/>
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              erodentem ſuſcipere. </s>
              <s id="s.001258">Sed cur non ardet aqua
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              ſeparationis, vt ardens? </s>
              <s id="s.001259">quia ardens cali­
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              dior eſt ac tenuior, & etiam minus ſicca:
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              ideò ardere poteſt, & egregiè calefacere,
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              non tamen erodere. </s>
              <s id="s.001260">Illa verò erodere poteſt,
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              non ardere, parúmque calefacere. </s>
              <s id="s.001261">Simili
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              igitur ratione quod ex calchanto oleum vi
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              ignis excipitur, quum ſicciſſimam partem
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              in humorem vertat, acutiſſimum eſt, atque
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg127"/>
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              linguam vt ignis ferit. </s>
              <s id="s.001262">Conſtat igitur & hac
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              ratione aquam fieri poſſe, quæ lapidem veſi­
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              cæ per catheteram immiſſa, illicò confringet.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001263">Nam cum duo ſint neceſſaria, & quod lapi­
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              dem atterat, & quòd veſicæ ſit innoxia, pri­
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              mùm præſtabit modus ac materia: nam ex­
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              tremos vapores è ſcorpionum cinere, vel
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              Macedonici petroſilij, vel tecolitho, aut
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              lapidibus cancrorum excipiemus: ſic enim
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              aqua fiet quæ etiam porphyritem commi­
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              nuat. </s>
              <s id="s.001264">Porrò innocentiam præſtat, ſi materia
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              ex qua aqua excipitur, omnis ſalſedinis ex­
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              pers fuerit. </s>
              <s id="s.001265">Non igitur è ſalis genere aliquo,
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              aut alumine, vel calchanto, aut vini fæce,
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              ſed ex aliquo eorum, quæ nuper retulimus
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              aquam excipere oportebit. </s>
              <s id="s.001266">Opus autem ſem­
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              per eſt diligenti experientia, in confirman­
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              da ſubtili ratione, vt ea quæ adeò ſubtiliter
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              explorauimus, ſecurè per experientiam con­
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              firmata, in vſum hominum poſſimus dedu­
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              cere. </s>
              <s id="s.001267">Equidem ſcio ſtercus columbinum ac
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              parietariam, vel illud hac arte in aquam
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              deductum, lapides veſicæ duriſſimos fran­
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              gere poſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.001268">Quodnam autem illud ſit, quòd
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              id facturum ſit, & abſque noxa, experien­
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              tia declarari oportet. </s>
              <s id="s.001269">Nam & hircinus ſan­
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              guis, & leporis pellis, & vitrum, multum
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              probantur ratione: ſed tamen nihil horum
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              forſitan ſeorſum, ſed ex his aliqua ſimul
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              iuncta, atque certa menſura. </s>
              <s id="s.001270">Metallicum
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              certè ſit tale oportet, aut ad metalli naturam
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              mutatum. </s>
              <s id="s.001271">Audiui quondam inuentam à quo­
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              dam Ianuenſe, ſed denuò amiſſam morte il­
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              lius, qui eam notam nemini facere vo­
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              luit. </s>
              <s id="s.001272">Hoc certum ſanè eſt, inueniri poſſe, at­
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              que hanc eſſe illius artem. </s>
              <s id="s.001273">Dubitatur autem
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              an tenuia magis acuta ſint, & an magis
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg128"/>
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              erodant. </s>
              <s id="s.001274">Andreas Lacuna Segobienſis me­
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              dicus, medicamentum recitat Philippi Lu­
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              ſitani, quòd conſtat alumine, ærugine, au­
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              ripigmento, atque chalcitide, paribus por­
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              tionibus, quæ perfuſa aceto acerrimo per
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              dies octo, atque in ſole trita ac ſiccata, vt
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              diutiùs teruntur, perfunduntur, ſiccantur,
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              vtque ſol magis excalefacit, ita celerius car­
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              nes in collo veſicæ, & pudendo natas aufert,
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              atque minore cum dolore: ad hoc enim me­
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              dicamentum paratur. </s>
              <s id="s.001275">A ſole igitur, & ace­
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              to acri videntur, quæ craſſa ſunt commi­
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              nui, ab attritione autem in pollinem redigi.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001276">Quia verò minùs afficit dolore, id contin­
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              git, quia partes exuſtæ reſoluuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.001277">Videtur
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              igitur medicamentum fieri tenuius quanti­
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              tate, craſſius autem, & magis æquale ſub­
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              ſtantia. </s>
              <s id="s.001278">Hoc autem minùs mutat corpus ex
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              calefaciendo, aut ſiccando. </s>
              <s id="s.001279">Tenuiſſima igi­
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              tur tàm quantitate, quàm ſubſtantia cele­
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              riùs erodunt: ſed ſubſtantia moderata, minùs
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              afficiunt dolore. </s>
              <s id="s.001280">Craſſa igitur quantitate,
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              & tenuia ſubſtantia, dolorem inferunt, &
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              ſeriùs erodunt: ſubſtantia craſſa, & quanti­
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              tate, ſerò & ſine dolore: vt calx, & ſapo te­
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              ner, de quo aliàs dictum eſt: ſubtilia vtro­
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              que modo, celeriter, & magno cum dolo­
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              re. </s>
              <s id="s.001281">Craſſa ſubſtantia, & tenuia quantitate,
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              erodunt celeriter, & paruo cum dolore, atque
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              ea optima ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.001282">Sed de his, quæ ad hominum
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              curationem pertinent, alio loco tracta­
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              bitur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001283">
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              Ignis an
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              æthere te­
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              nuior.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001284">
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              De differen­
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              tia calcis à
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              cinere.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001285">
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              Aqua quæ
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              aurum ab ar­
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              gento ſepa
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              rat.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001286">
                <margin.target id="marg125"/>
              Aqua poten­
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              tiſſima.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001287">
                <margin.target id="marg126"/>
              Aquarum
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              ardentis &
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              ſeparationis
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              comparatio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001288">
                <margin.target id="marg127"/>
              Aqua quæ
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              veſicæ lapi­
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              dem poteſt
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              confringere.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001289">
                <margin.target id="marg128"/>
              Tenuia an
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              craſſa magis
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              erodant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001290">Cæterùm vt ad rem redeam dubitatio
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg129"/>
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              emergit: Si magnus calor efficit has aquas,
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              ardentem puta ac ſeparationis, quomodo ta­
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              ctu frigidæ ſunt? </s>
              <s id="s.001291">aut ſi iam refrigeratæ
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              ſunt, cur metalla colliquant? </s>
              <s id="s.001292">vel ſi aliquid
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              remanſit caloris, cur vel ſine motu penitùs
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              non extinguitur? </s>
              <s id="s.001293">vel ſi motu iuuatur ali­
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              quo, cur materiam adeò paratam non accen­
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              dit? </s>
              <s id="s.001294">Horum autem nullum experientia do­
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              cet. </s>
              <s id="s.001295">Eadem verò ratio & in naturalibus mi­
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              ſtis eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001296">Nam ſulphur facillimè accenditur,
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              & tamen per ſe friget. </s>
              <s id="s.001297">Piper exurit linguam,
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              & corpus vehementer, ſi edatur, accendit,
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              & tamen tactu frigidum eſt, & igni admo­
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              tum, vix ignem concipit. </s>
              <s id="s.001298">Decebat Philo­
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              ſophos hæc quærere, quæ ſenſu conſtant, &
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              quotidie tractamus, quæque cùm inuenta
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              fuerint, magnam vtilitatem afferunt, & non
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              his relictis, quæ præ manibus (vt dici ſolet)
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              habemus, nouas nouas nominibus excogita­
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              re quæſtiones, in quibus non minùs incertum
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              habeas, quid ſit de quo quæritur, quàm quo­
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              modo id quod quærimus, ſit determinan­
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              dum: deinde, etiamſi millies rectè, quod ta­
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              men vix vnquam accidit, quæſtio diſſolua­
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              tur, nihil humano generi afferat vtilitatis.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001299">Cuius ſignum eſt manifeſtum, in tot ſecu­
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              lis hos egregios viros nihil vnquam ad vitæ
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              vſum inueniſſe, quòd falſis principiis inni­
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              tantur, & nugari ac obſtrepere ſolùm his
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              ſufficiat. </s>
              <s id="s.001300">Igitur ne illos repræhendendo eis
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              ſimilis euadam, quæſtionem hanc valdè ne­
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              ceſſariam diſſoluere aggrediar. </s>
              <s id="s.001301">Primùm igi­
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              tur illud proponendum eſt, miſta ex ele­
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              mentis credi compoſita, quòd in miſtis ele­
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              mentorum qualitates ſint manifeſtæ, atque
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              ob id etiam tot elementa credita ſunt in eis
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              eſſe, quot combinationes qualitatum, non
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              concludente argumento. </s>
              <s id="s.001302">Aliud ſyncęrius
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              indicium eſt, quòd in quibuſdam terra, vt
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              in metallicis ac lapidibus in aliis aqua, ve­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg131"/>
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              luti in herbis, manifeſtè videantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001303">Illud
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              quoque ſupponendum, quod oculis vide­
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              mus, terram & aquam ſolas eſſe miſtorum
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              materias, & quod & Philoſophus quaſi di­
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              uinando dixit, calorem verò ipſum eſſe, qui
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              hæc miſcendo concoquat. </s>
              <s id="s.001304">Si igitur terrę plu­
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              rimùm & caloris
                <expan abbr="igneũ">igneum</expan>
              efficitur, vt in aquis
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              iam prædictis. </s>
              <s id="s.001305">Si cum plurima terra modicus
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              calor extiterit, terreum dicitur. </s>
              <s id="s.001306">Primi exem­
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              plum eſt piper, ſecundi lapides. </s>
              <s id="s.001307">Si aqua </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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