Castelli, Benedetto
,
Of the mensuration of running waters
,
1661
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away, the courſe ef the water notably increaſeth, it is therefore
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neceſſary that the ſaid water abate in meaſure, and become
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lower.</
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>APPENDIX. X.</
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>We having above obſerved ſome errors that are commit
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ted in diſtributing the waters of Fountains, and thoſe
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that ſerve to water fields; it ſeemeth now fit, by way of
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a cloſe to this diſcourſe, to advertiſe by what means theſe divi
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ſions may be made juſtly and without error. </
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<
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>I therefore think
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that one might two ſeveral wayes exquiſitly divide the water of
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Fountains; The firſt would be by diligently examining, Firſt,
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how much water the whole Fountain diſchargeth in a determi
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nate time, as for inſtance: How many Barrels, or Tuns it carri
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eth in a ſet time; and in caſe you are afterwards to diſtribute
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the water, diſtribute it at the rate of ſomany Barrels or Tuns, in
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that ſame time; and in this caſe the participants would have
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their punctual ſhares: Nor could it ever happen to ſend out more
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water, than is reckoned to be in the principal Fountain; as befel
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Giulio Frontino,
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and as alſo it frequently happeneth in the Mo
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dern Aqueducts, to the publick and private detriment.</
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>The other way of dividing the ſame waters of a Fountain, is
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alſo ſufficiently exact and eaſie, and may be, by having one one
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ly ſize for the Cock or Pipe, as ſuppoſe of an inch, or of half an
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inch; and when the caſe requireth to diſpence two, three, and
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more inches, take ſo many Cocks of the ſaid meaſure as do eva
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cuate the water, which is to be emitted; and if we are to make
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uſe onely of one greater Cock, we being to place one to diſ
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charge for example four inches; and having the former ſole mea
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ſure of an inch, we muſt make a Cock that is bigger, its true, than
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the Cock of one inch; but not ſimply in a quadruple propor
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tion, for that it would diſcharge more than juſt ſo much water,
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as hath been ſaid above; but we ought to examine diligently
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how much water the little Cock emitteth in an hour; and then
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enlarge, and contract the greater Cock, ſo, that it may diſ
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charge four times as much water as the leſſer in the ſame time;
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and by this means we ſhall avoid the diſorder hinted in the
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ſeventh Appendix. </
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>It would be neceſſary nevertheleſs, to ac
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commodate the Cocks of the Ciſtern ſo, that the level of the
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water in the Ciſtern may alwayes reſt at one determinate mark
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above the Cock, otherwiſe the Cocks will emit ſometimes
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greater, and ſometimes leſſe abundance of water: And becauſe
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it may be that the ſame water of the Fountain may be ſometimes
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more abundant, ſometimes leſs; in ſuch caſe it will be neceſſary </
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