Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="068/01/036.jpg" pagenum="22"/>
              away, the courſe ef the water notably increaſeth, it is therefore
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              neceſſary that the ſaid water abate in meaſure, and become
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              lower.</s>
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            <p type="head">
              <s>APPENDIX. X.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>We having above obſerved ſome errors that are commit­
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              ted in diſtributing the waters of Fountains, and thoſe
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              that ſerve to water fields; it ſeemeth now fit, by way of
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              a cloſe to this diſcourſe, to advertiſe by what means theſe divi­
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              ſions may be made juſtly and without error. </s>
              <s>I therefore think
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              that one might two ſeveral wayes exquiſitly divide the water of
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              Fountains; The firſt would be by diligently examining, Firſt,
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              how much water the whole Fountain diſchargeth in a determi­
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              nate time, as for inſtance: How many Barrels, or Tuns it carri­
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              eth in a ſet time; and in caſe you are afterwards to diſtribute
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              the water, diſtribute it at the rate of ſomany Barrels or Tuns, in
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              that ſame time; and in this caſe the participants would have
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              their punctual ſhares: Nor could it ever happen to ſend out more
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              water, than is reckoned to be in the principal Fountain; as befel
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Giulio Frontino,
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              and as alſo it frequently happeneth in the Mo­
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              dern Aqueducts, to the publick and private detriment.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>The other way of dividing the ſame waters of a Fountain, is
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              alſo ſufficiently exact and eaſie, and may be, by having one one­
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              ly ſize for the Cock or Pipe, as ſuppoſe of an inch, or of half an
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              inch; and when the caſe requireth to diſpence two, three, and
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              more inches, take ſo many Cocks of the ſaid meaſure as do eva­
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              cuate the water, which is to be emitted; and if we are to make
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              uſe onely of one greater Cock, we being to place one to diſ­
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              charge for example four inches; and having the former ſole mea­
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              ſure of an inch, we muſt make a Cock that is bigger, its true, than
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              the Cock of one inch; but not ſimply in a quadruple propor­
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              tion, for that it would diſcharge more than juſt ſo much water,
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              as hath been ſaid above; but we ought to examine diligently
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              how much water the little Cock emitteth in an hour; and then
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              enlarge, and contract the greater Cock, ſo, that it may diſ­
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              charge four times as much water as the leſſer in the ſame time;
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              and by this means we ſhall avoid the diſorder hinted in the
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              ſeventh Appendix. </s>
              <s>It would be neceſſary nevertheleſs, to ac­
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              commodate the Cocks of the Ciſtern ſo, that the level of the
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              water in the Ciſtern may alwayes reſt at one determinate mark
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              above the Cock, otherwiſe the Cocks will emit ſometimes
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              greater, and ſometimes leſſe abundance of water: And becauſe
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              it may be that the ſame water of the Fountain may be ſometimes
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              more abundant, ſometimes leſs; in ſuch caſe it will be neceſſary </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
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