Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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Now, let us return to take the thin Plate of Gold, or of Silver, or the
thin
Board of Ebony, and let us lay it lightly upon the water, ſo that it
ſtay
there without ſinking, and diligently obſerve its effect.
And
firſt
, ſee how falſe the aſſertion of Aristotle, and our oponents is, to wit,
that
it ſtayeth above water, through its unability to pierce and
trate
the Reſiſtance of the waters Craſſitude: for it will manifeſtly
appear
, not only that the ſaid Plates have penetrated the water, but
alſo
that they are a conſiderable matter lower than the Surface of the
ſame
, the which continueth eminent, and maketh as it were a Rampert
on
all ſides, round about the ſaid Plates, the profundity of which they
ſtay
ſwimming: and, according as the ſaid Plates ſhall be more grave
than
the water, two, four, ten or twenty times, it is neceſſary, that
their
Superficies do ſtay below the univerſall Surface of the water, ſo
much
more, than the thickneſs of thoſe Plates, as we ſhal more diſtinctly
ſhew
anon.
In the mean ſpace, for the more eaſie underſtanding of what
I
ſay, obſerve with me a little the preſent
8[Figure 8]
Scheme
: in which let us ſuppoſe the Surface
of
the water to be diſtended, according to the
Lines
F L D B, upon which if one ſhall put a
board
of matter ſpecifically more grave than
water
, but ſo lightly that it ſubmetge not, it
ſhall
not reſt any thing above, but ſhall enter with its whole thickneſs
into
the water: and, moreover, ſhall ſink alſo, as we ſee by the Board
A
I, O I, whoſe breadth is wholly ſunk into the water, the little
perts
of water L A and D O incompaſſing it, whoſe Superficies is
tably
higher than the Superficies of the Board.
See now whether it be
true
, that the ſaid Board goes not to the Bottom, as being of Figure
unapt
to penetrate the Craſſitude of the water.

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