Galilei, Galileo
,
The systems of the world
,
1661
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tion, may be by us obſerved in the fixed ſtars to be of two
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kinds: The one is, that of their apparent magnitudes varied,
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cording as we, tranſported by the Earth, approach or recede
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from the ſame: The other (which likewiſe dependeth on the
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ſame acceſſion and reeeſſion) their appearing unto us in the
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ſame Meridian, one while more elevated, and another while leſſe.
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>Moreover, you tell us (and I underſtand it very well) that the
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one and other of theſe mutations are not made alike in all the
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ſtars, but in ſome greater, and in others leſſer, and in others not
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at all. </
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<
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>The acceſſion and receſſion whereby the ſame ſtar ought
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to appear, one while bigger, and another while leſſer, is
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ble, and almoſt nothing in the ſtars neer unto the pole of the
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cliptick, but is greateſt in the ſtars placed in the Ecliptick it ſelf,
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and indifferent in the intermediate: the contrary happens in the
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other difference, that is, the elevation or depreſſion of the ſtars
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placed in the Ecliptick is nothing at all, greateſt in thoſe neereſt
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to the Pole of the ſaid Ecliptick, and indifferent in the
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diate. </
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>Beſides, both theſe differences are more ſenſible in the
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Stars neereſt to us, in the more remote leſſe ſenſible, and in
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thoſe that are very far diſtant wholly diſappear. </
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<
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>This is, as to
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what concerns my ſelf; it remaineth now, as I conceive, that
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ſomething be ſaid for the ſatisfaction of
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Simplicius,
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who, as I
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believe, will not eaſily be made to over-paſſe thoſe differences,
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as inſenſible that are derived from a motion of the Earth ſo vaſt,
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and from a mutation that tranſports the Earth into places twice
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as far diſtant from us as the Sun.</
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The Epilogue of
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the
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Phænomena
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of the fixed ſtars
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cauſed by the
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nual motion of the
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Earth.
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<
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>SIMP. </
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<
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>Truth is, to ſpeak freely, I am very loth to confeſſe, that
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the diſtance of the fixed Stars ought to be ſuch, that in them the
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fore-mentioned differences ſhould be wholly imperceptible.</
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<
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>SALV. </
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>Do notthrow your ſelf into abſolute deſpair,
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cius,
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for there may perhaps yet ſome qualification be found for
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your difficulties. </
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>And firſt, that the apparent magnitude of the
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ſtars is not ſeen to make any ſenſible alteration, ought not to be
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judged by you a thing improbable, in regard you ſee the gueſſes
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of men in this particular to be ſo groſſely erroneous, eſpecially in
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looking upon ſplendid objects; and you your ſelf beholding
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v. </
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>g.
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a lighted Torch at the diſtance of 200 paces, if it
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proach nearer to you 3. or 4. yards, do you think that it will
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ſhew any whit encreaſed in magnitude? </
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>I for my part ſhould
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not perceive it certainly, although it ſhould approach 20. or
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30. yards nearer; nay it hath ſometimes happened that in ſeeing
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ſuch a light at that diſtance I know not how to reſolve whether
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it came towards me, or retreated from me, when as it did in
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reality approach nearer to me. </
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<
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>But what need I ſpeak of this?
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<
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>If the ſelf ſame acceſſion and receſſion (I ſpeak of a diſtance </
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