Galilei, Galileo
,
The systems of the world
,
1661
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each other, as in Elementary bodies; for that they depend not
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on the primary qualities, cold and heat, which are contraries; but
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on the more or leſs matter in proportion to quantity: now much
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and little, ſpeak onely a relative oppoſition, that is, the leaſt of
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oppoſitions, and which hath nothing to do with generation and
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corruption.</
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>SAGR. </
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>Therefore affirming, that denſity and rarity, which
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mongſt the Elements ſhould be the cauſe of gravity and levity,
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which may be the cauſes of contrary motions
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ſurſùm
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and
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ſùm,
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on which, again, dependeth the contrarieties for generation
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and corruption; it ſufficeth not that they be thoſe denſneſſes and
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rareneſſes which under the ſame quantity, or (if you will) maſs
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contain much or little matter, but it is neceſſary that they be
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neſſes and rareneſſes cauſed by the primary qualities, hot and
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cold, otherwiſe they would operate nothing at all: but if this be
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ſo,
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Ariſtotle
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hath deceived us, for that he ſhould have told it us at
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firſt, and ſo have left written that thoſe ſimple bodies are
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rable and corruptible, that are moveable with ſimple motions
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upwards and downwards, dependent on levity and gravity,
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ſed by rarity and denſity, made by much or little matter, by
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reaſon of heat and cold; and not to have ſtaid at the ſimple
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tion
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ſurſùm
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and
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deorſùm
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: for I aſſure you that to the making
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of bodies heavy or light, whereby they come to be moved with
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contrary motions, any kind of denſity and rarity ſufficeth,
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ther it proceed from heat and cold, or what elſe you pleaſe; for
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heat and cold have nothing to do in this affair: and you ſhall
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upon experiment find, that a red hot iron, which you muſt grant
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to have heat, weigheth as much, and moves in the ſame manner
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as when it is cold. </
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>But to overpaſs this alſo, how know you but
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that Cœleſtial rarity and denſity depend on heat and cold?</
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Ariſtotle
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defective
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in aſſigning the
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cauſes why the
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ments are
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ble & corruptible.
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<
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>SIMPL. </
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<
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>I know it, becauſe thoſe qualities are not amongſt
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Cœleſtial bodies, which are neither hot nor cold.</
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<
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>SALV. </
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>I ſee we are again going about to engulph our ſelves in
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a bottomleſs ocean, where there is no getting to ſhore; for this
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is a Navigation without Compaſs, Stars, Oars or Rudder: ſo that
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it will follow either that we be forced to paſs from Shelf to Shelf,
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or run on ground, or to ſail continually in danger of being loſt.
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<
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>Therefore, if according to your advice we ſhall proceed in our
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main deſign, we muſt of neceſſity for the preſent overpaſs this
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general conſideration, whether direct motion be neceſſary in
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ture, and agree with ſome bodies; and come to the particular
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demonſtrations, obſervations and experiments; propounding in
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the firſt place all thoſe that have been hitherto alledged by
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ſtotle, Ptolomey,
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and others, to prove the ſtability of the Earth,
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deavouring in the next place to anſwer them: and producing in </
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