Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

Table of figures

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[131] a b g. concentricum. d. eius centrũ.t z. eccentricum.h. eius centrum.e z. epicyclus.g. eius centrum.d b. & g z. œquales.d z. parallelogrammum.motus {concentrici a d g. \\ epicycli e g z. \\ eccentrici t b z. uet t dg. \\ iugieccentric. a d t. anguli t b z. & e g z. œqua-les ſunt.angulus a d g. œqualis augulis. {adt. \\ adg. f n b a d o k
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[132] b k epicyclus.b. centrum eius.h. uigum.n. Antijugum epicycli.k. punctũ primœ morœ.c. mundi centrum.o. punctũ ſecundæ morœ.h l k. arcus primœ mo rœ.k n o. arcus regreſſus-o b k. arcus directio-nis. L K A H B N O C
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[133] Porfioni del cerchio che fannoſe s̃teſſe torno dlaTramòntanaTram ontanaSlmiſifudineTramonſangCarro che uoſge infomoalla Framonlana
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[134] a b c d f
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[135] A. ſectio parabole.B. vestigium. C. parabole.G. ſectio ellipſis.D. ſectio hyperbole.E. vestigium F. hyperbole. a f a f 1 f f f 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 C 5 5 6 F 7 A 6 6 8 7 8 7 7 D 8 9 8 8 9 10 11 10 10 11 11 11 11 b 12 g e d b e h d gf g b 6 7 3 1 2 4 6 8 10c g b E a 11 9 7 3 3 1 d 2 4 6 8 10 e ha f 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 a b c d 9 8 7 6 3 2 1 f b a H d g 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ff 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 g
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[136] m q 0 s k h c b s n L I p q s
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[137] Il polo.cqiunot.orizonte c e b a f
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[138] l n k mcridl. parte delverno E e h a s i 9 8 7 6 5della jtate 4 3 parte g h f x lacato manaco b r c linca del.piano t
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[139] Analemmatis figura.MERIDIAN: S. M. MLSLACITREVM.M.MERIDIAN: .S.OMVERTICAV.M..S.. O. M.ORIZON:W. A.STAB:
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[140] 11 ſ x d 11 p k 1 2 1 2 3 4 5f 6 r 11 10 9 8 7 n f m 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 1 02 3 4 1g c 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 e 11 10 9 8 7 q b o
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[141] 1 3 b x z g 2 5 f p 0 1 4 t I c e o n m r u 6 q i h 8 y d 5
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[142] 5 4 b 3 2 7 8 9 10 f 6 5 7 1 11 6 5 7 9 4 4 8 8 N 9 x 12 1 11 2 10 3 9 4 8 5 7 3 39 9 F 6 g 2 2 10 10 o a @ d 1 11 7 6 z 1 11 8 6 7 c 1 12 10 1@ 1 2 1 1 11 11 5 11 2 2 10 21 11 b f @ 8 3 3 9 9 12 1 4 5 g 6 10 8 11 1 9 10 2 2 2 10 5 7 2 z 9 c 8 4 7 5 9 3 10 4 8 8 4 3 7 2 10 7 5 9 3 1 11 12 8 4 11 1 10 2 0 @ d 7 5 9 3 I 8 4 7 5 6 c &
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[143] 5 6 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 4 8 3 9 d d 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 1 1 v n c
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[144] 12 1 1 1111 2 2 10 10 3 3 9 9 4 4 8 8 5 5 7 7 6 6 6 T 7 7 5 5 8 8 4 4 9 9 3 3 10 10 2 2 11 11 1 1 12
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[145] 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 1 2 3 10 4 5 E 6 6 7
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[146] 9 3 4 2 8 10 11 12 1 5 7 6 6 G
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[147] 8 9 10 7 6 5 11 1 8 1 11 F
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[148] 16 15 17 14 14 18 19 19 13 13 20 20 12 12 21 21 11 11 H 22 22 10 10 23 23 9 9 24 16 16 23 23 17 17 22 22 18 18 21 21 29 20
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[149] 19 20 21 18 17 22 23 17 16 18 17 9 15 14 13 11 13 20 16 12 21 17 20 22 21 11 22 10 23 9 18 L 17 18 19
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[150] 23 17 22 16 18 9 21 23 19 10 19 20 22 11 21 20 13 19 14 18 15 17 16 K
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[151] 17 18 19 20 21 22 16 23 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 21 22 10 9 23 M
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[152] Q K r n r 12 11 K 2 2 @ 4 p 8 7 e t 8 9 c P 7 4 3 10 7 @ P 5 q P 6 2 8 7 q P t t 11 1 I 1 11 7 q p 2 10 q p 3 9 @ a e b 4 8 2 7 6 5 P 10 6 f P 9 3 8 4 f P 1 f P 11 10 2 a f b e 4 9 3 11 10 2 11 1 11 1 u m 12 15 @ d 12 4 5 m 3 4 5 7 8 9 d @ 2 @ 0 10 2 11 1 a 0 s 7 1 n P p 5 6 7 10 6 6 6 3 4 8 9 7 e 5 5 7 4 5 3 10 11 12 1 2 3 8 9 3 1 e H 23 10 22 24 23 22 15 16 17 18 19 21 13 14 20
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[153] Horologia in plano meridiani.6 5 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 u l d 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 b n n n n n 5 4 3 2 1 a c e c y n n n n n p 1 2 3 4 5 n ſ ſ 4 3 2 1 r 4 3 2 1 e 4 3 2 1 B 9 10 11 12 13 14 e H 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 e E g r 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 F g d 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 c g G d f a b e g c 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 f D e 11 10 19 18
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[154] Horologia in plano æquinoctialis.d b 5 6 7 4 8 9 3 g f k L @ m 2 10 l 8 1 11 a e b B L 1 f k m h @ z r s 1 n 11 A 2 1 10 12 3 9 11 1 4 8 10 1 2 5 6 7 b d 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 c 6 7 5 8 4 9 3 18 17 16 10 2 16 17 18 19 11 12 1 19 20 14 14 20 21 13 13 21 22 12 12 22 23 11 23 24 24 14 14 23 15 23 22 15 22 16 16 21 17 21 20 19 18 17 18 19 20
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[155] 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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[156] Instrumenta è regione poſita ſeruiunt fronti horologij ſequentis, illud uero inſerius eſt immobil-le ad aliud, & aliud ab artiſicio aquæ mouetur.B 270 A 360 stella.p.@ f 180 C 10 hircuſ@ 20 30 40 x cani ſminor* 50 60 70 80 90 C@nis Maior* D
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[157] 6 5 7 4 8 3 9 2 10 1 11 12 T R 12 L 11 1 A f C 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6
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[Figure 158]
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[Figure 159]
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[Figure 160]
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          <div xml:id="echoid-div831" type="section" level="2" n="154">
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26160" xml:space="preserve">
                <pb o="346" file="514.01.378" n="378" rhead="LIBER"/>
              titudinem, qua opus fuerit, conuenire poſsit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26161" xml:space="preserve">Circum extremum latus rotæ figentur modioli qua-
                <lb/>
              drati, pice & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26162" xml:space="preserve">cera ſolidati. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26163" xml:space="preserve">Ita cum rota a calcantibus uerſabitur, modioli pleni ad ſummum elati,
                <lb/>
              rurſus ad imum reuertentes, infundent in caſtellum ipſi per ſe, quod extulerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26164" xml:space="preserve">Sin autem magis
                <lb/>
              altis locis erit præbendum, in eiuſdem rotæ axe inuoluta duplex ferrea catena, demiſſaq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26165" xml:space="preserve">ad imum
                <lb/>
              libramentum collocabitur, habens ſitulos pendentes æreos congiales, ita uerſatio rotæ catenam in
                <lb/>
              axem inuoluendo, effert ſitulos in ſummum, qui cum ſuper axem peruehentur, cogentur inuerti, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26166" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              infundere in caſtellum id aquæ, quod extulerunt.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26167" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div833" type="section" level="2" n="155">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head163" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De rotis, & tympanis ad molendam farinam. # Cap. X.</head>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26168" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">FIvnt</emph>
              etiam in fluminibus rotæ eiſdem rationibus, quibus ſupraſcriptum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26169" xml:space="preserve">Circa earum
                <lb/>
              frontes aſſiguntur pinnæ, quæ cum percutiuntur ab impetu fluminis, cogune progredien
                <lb/>
              tes uerſarirotam: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26170" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26171" xml:space="preserve">ita modiolis aquam haurientes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26172" xml:space="preserve">in ſummum referentes, ſine ope-
                <lb/>
              rarum calcatura, ipſius fluminis impulſu uerſatæ, præſtant quod opus eſt, ad uſum.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26173" xml:space="preserve">Eadem ratione etiam uerſantur hydraulæ, in quibus eadem ſunt omnia, præterquam quod in uno
                <lb/>
              capite axis habent tympanum dentatum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26174" xml:space="preserve">incluſum; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26175" xml:space="preserve">id autem ad perpendiculum collocatum in
                <lb/>
              cultrum, uerſatur cum rota pariter. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26176" xml:space="preserve">Secundum id tympanum, maius item dentatum planum eſt col-
                <lb/>
              locatum, quo continetur axis, habens in ſummo capite ſubſcudem ferream, qua mola continetur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26177" xml:space="preserve">
                <lb/>
              @ta dentes eius tympanis, quod eſtin axe incluſum, impellendo dentes tympani plani, cogunt fieri
                <lb/>
              molarum circinationem, in qua machina impendens infundibulum, ſubminiſtrat molis frumentum,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.378-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.378-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26178" xml:space="preserve">eadem uerſatione ſubigitur farina.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26179" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
          </div>
          <div xml:id="echoid-div835" type="section" level="2" n="156">
            <head xml:id="echoid-head164" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De Cochlea, quæ magnam copiam extollit aquæ, ſed non
              <lb/>
            tam alte. # Cap. XI.</head>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26180" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">ESt</emph>
              autem etiam cochleæ ratio, quæ magnam uim haurit quæ, ſed non tam alte tollit,
                <lb/>
              quàm rota. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26181" xml:space="preserve">Eius autem ratio ſic expeditur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26182" xml:space="preserve">Tignum ſumitur, cuius tigni quanta fuerit
                <lb/>
              pedum longitudo, tanta digitorum expeditur craſsitudo: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26183" xml:space="preserve">id ad circinum rotundatur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26184" xml:space="preserve">In capitibus circino diuiduntur circinationes eorum tetrantibus in partes quatuor, uel
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.378-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.378-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              octantibus in partes octo ductis lineis: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26185" xml:space="preserve">eæq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26186" xml:space="preserve">lineæ ita collocentur, ut in plano poſito tigno ad libellã,
                <lb/>
              utriuſque capitis clineæ inter ſe reſpondeant ad perpendiculum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26187" xml:space="preserve">ab his deinde a capite ad alterum ca-
                <lb/>
              put lineæ perducantur conuentientes, uti quàm magna erit pars octaua circinationis tigni, tam magnis
                <lb/>
              ſpatijs diſtent ſecundum lat
                <unsure/>
              itudinem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26188" xml:space="preserve">Sic & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26189" xml:space="preserve">in rotundatione & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26190" xml:space="preserve">in longitudine æqualia ſpatia fient.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26191" xml:space="preserve">Ita quo loci deſcribuntur lineæ, quæ ſunt in longitudine ſpectantes, faciendæ decuſſationes, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26192" xml:space="preserve">in de-
                <lb/>
              cuſſationibus finita puncta. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26193" xml:space="preserve">His ita emendate deſcrip@s, ſumitur ſalignea tenuis, aute de uitici ſecta
                <lb/>
              regula, quæ uncta liquida pice figitur in primo decuſsis puncto: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26194" xml:space="preserve">deinde traijcitur oblique ad inſequẽ-
                <lb/>
              tes longitudines, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26195" xml:space="preserve">circuitiones decuſsium: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26196" xml:space="preserve">Et ita ex ordines progrediens, ſingula puncta prætereun-
                <lb/>
              do, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26197" xml:space="preserve">circuminuoluendo, collocatur in ſingulis decuſſationibus: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26198" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26199" xml:space="preserve">ita peruenit, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26200" xml:space="preserve">figitur ad eam
                <lb/>
              lineam, recedens a primo in octauum punctum, in qua prima pars eius eſt fixa. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26201" xml:space="preserve">Eo modo quanto
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.378-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.378-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              progreditur oblique per ſpatium, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26202" xml:space="preserve">per octo puncta, tantundem in longitudine procedit ad octa=
                <lb/>
              uum punctum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26203" xml:space="preserve">Eadem ratione per omne ſpatium longitudinis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26204" xml:space="preserve">rotunditatis ſingulis decuſſationi-
                <lb/>
              bus obliquæ ſixæ regulæ, per octo craſsitudinis diuiſiones inuolutos faciũt canales, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26205" xml:space="preserve">iuſtam cochleæ
                <lb/>
              naturalemq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26206" xml:space="preserve">imitationem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26207" xml:space="preserve">Ita per id ueſtigium aliæ ſuper alias figuntur unctæ pice liquida, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26208" xml:space="preserve">exag-
                <lb/>
              gerantur ad id, ut longitudinis, octaua pars fiat ſumma craſsitudo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26209" xml:space="preserve">Supra eas circundantur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26210" xml:space="preserve">figun-
                <lb/>
              tur tabulæ, quæ pertegant eam inuolutionem: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26211" xml:space="preserve">tunc eæ tabulæ pice ſaturan@ur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26212" xml:space="preserve">laminis ferreis colli-
                <lb/>
              gantur, ut ab aquæ ui ne diſſoluantur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26213" xml:space="preserve">Capita tigni ferreis clauis, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26214" xml:space="preserve">laminis continentur, ijsq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26215" xml:space="preserve">infigun-
                <lb/>
              tur ſtyli ferrei. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26216" xml:space="preserve">Dextra autem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26217" xml:space="preserve">ſiniſtra cochleam tigna collocantur, in capitibus utraque parte ha-
                <lb/>
              bentia tranſuerſaria confixa. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26218" xml:space="preserve">In his foramina ferrea ſunt incluſa, inq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26219" xml:space="preserve">ea inducuntur ſtyli, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26220" xml:space="preserve">ita co-
                <lb/>
              chlea hominibus calcantibus facit uerſationes. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26221" xml:space="preserve">Erectio autem eius ad inclinationem ſic erit collo-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.378-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.378-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              canda. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26222" xml:space="preserve">uti quemadmodum pythagoricum trigonum orthogonium deſcribitur, ſic id habeat reſpon-
                <lb/>
              ſum, ideſt, uti diuidatur longitudo in partes quinque: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26223" xml:space="preserve">earum trium extollatur caput cochleæ, ita erit
                <lb/>
              a perpendiculo ad imas nares eius ſpatium partes quatuor. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26224" xml:space="preserve">Qua ratione autem oporteat id eſſe, in ex-
                <lb/>
              tremo libro eius forma deſcripta eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26225" xml:space="preserve">Quæ de materia fiant organa ad hauriendam aquam, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26226" xml:space="preserve">quibus
                <lb/>
              rationibus perficiantur, quibusq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26227" xml:space="preserve">rebus motus recipientia præſtent uerſationibus infinitas utilitates,
                <lb/>
              ut eſſent notiora, quàm apertiſsime potui perſcripſi?</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26228" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26229" xml:space="preserve">Ex his, quœ ſupra ſunt dicta, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26230" xml:space="preserve">ex diagrammatis facile intelligentur, quæ his tribus capitibus a Vitruuio
                <lb/>
              proponuntur intellectis quibuſdam uocabulis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26231" xml:space="preserve">Ex nono eſt tympanum, quod eſt hauſtorium organum, ut ait
                <lb/>
              Philander, quod genus baustra Lucretius libro quinto, cum ait.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26232" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26233" xml:space="preserve">Vt fluuios uerſare rotas, at que baustra uidemus.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s26234" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
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