Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
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BOOK IX.
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1
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<
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>Since I have written of the varied work of pre
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paring the ores, I will now write of the various
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methods of smelting them. </
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<
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>Although those who
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burn, roast and calcine
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2
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the ore, take from it some
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thing which is mixed or combined with the metals;
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and those who crush it with stamps take away much;
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and those who wash, screen and sort it, take away
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still more; yet they cannot remove all which con
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ceals the metal from the eye and renders it crude
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and unformed. </
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>Wherefore smelting is necessary, for by this means earths,
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solidified juices, and stones are separated from the metals so that they
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obtain their proper colour and become pure, and may be of great use to
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mankind in many ways. </
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<
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>When the ore is smelted, those things which
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were mixed with the metal before it was melted are driven forth, because
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the metal is perfected by fire in this manner. </
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<
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>Since metalliferous ores
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differ greatly amongst themselves, first as to the metals which they con
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tain, then as to the quantity of the metal which is in them, and then by
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the fact that some are rapidly melted by fire and others slowly, there are,
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therefore, many methods of smelting. </
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<
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>Constant practice has taught the
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