Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

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              <s>
                <pb pagenum="360"/>
              thick, and nineteen feet and a palm long; these are placed three feet distant
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              from one another. </s>
              <s>As the second wall is two feet higher than the first wall,
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              recesses are cut in the back of it two feet high, one foot wide, and a palm deep,
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              and in these recesses, as it were in mortises, are placed one end of each of
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              the beams. </s>
              <s>Into these ends are mortised the bottoms of just as many posts;
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              these posts are twenty-four feet high, three palms wide and thick, and from
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              the tops of the posts the same number of rafters stretch downward to the
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              ends of the beams superimposed on the first wall; the upper ends of the
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              rafters are mortised into the posts and the lower ends are mortised into the
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              ends of the beams laid on the first wall; the rafters support the roof,
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              which consists of burnt tiles. </s>
              <s>Each separate rafter is propped up by a
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              separate timber, which is a cross-beam, and is joined to its post. </s>
              <s>Planks
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              close together are affixed to the posts above the furnaces; these planks are
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              about two digits thick and a palm wide, and they, together with the wicker
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              work interposed between the timbers, are covered with lute so that there may
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              be no risk of fire to the timbers and wicker-work. </s>
              <s>In this practical manner
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              is constructed the back part of the works, which contains the bellows, their
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              frames, the mechanism for compressing the bellows, and the instrument for
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              distending them, of all of which I will speak hereafter.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>In front of the furnaces is constructed the third long wall and likewise
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              the fourth. </s>
              <s>Both are nine feet high, but of the same length and thickness as
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              the other two, the fourth being nine feet distant from the third; the
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              third is twenty-one and a half feet from the second. </s>
              <s>At a distance of
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              twelve feet from the second wall, four posts seven and a half feet high, a cubit
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              wide and thick, are set upon rock laid underneath. </s>
              <s>Into the tops of the
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              posts the roof beam is mortised; this roof beam is two feet and as many
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              palms longer than the distance between the second and the fifth transverse
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              walls, in order that its ends may rest on the transverse walls. </s>
              <s>If there should
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              not be so long a beam at hand, two are substituted for it. </s>
              <s>As the length of
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              the long beam is as above, and as the posts are equidistant, it is necessary
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              that the posts should be a distance of nine feet, one palm, two and two-fifths
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              digits from each other, and the end ones this distance from the transverse
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              walls. </s>
              <s>On this longitudinal beam and to the third and fourth walls are fixed
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              twelve secondary beams twenty-four feet long, one foot wide, three palms
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              thick, and distant from each other three feet, one palm, and two digits. </s>
              <s>In
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              these secondary beams, where they rest on the longitudinal beams, are mortised
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              the ends of the same number of rafters as there are posts which stand on the
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              second wall. </s>
              <s>The ends of the rafters do not reach to the tops of the posts,
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              but are two feet away from them, that through this opening, which is like
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              the open part of a forge, the furnaces can emit their fumes. </s>
              <s>In order that
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              the rafters should not fall down, they are supported partly by iron rods,
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              which extend from each rafter to the opposite post, and partly supported
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              by a few tie-beams, which in the same manner extend from some rafters to
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              the posts opposite, and give them stability. </s>
              <s>To these tie-beams, as well as
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              to the rafters which face the posts, a number of boards, about two digits thick
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              and a palm wide, are fixed at a distance of a palm from each other, and are </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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    </archimedes>
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