Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.001571">
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              delatus, poſt ſe cogitur calidos vapores re­
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              linquere: & ipſe etiam ſolus vi impetus in­
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              greditur cutis oſcula: atque ob hæc duo im­
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              pensè refrigerat, quorum neutrum accidit, ſi
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              toto ore exſuffles, ac lentè. </s>
              <s id="s.001572">Quòd ſi vel cele­
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              riter patenti ore, vel conſtricto, ac propè ad­
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              mota manu, excalefacies quidem parùm,
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              aut vix refrigerabis. </s>
              <s id="s.001573">Excalefacit etiam ſpiri­
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              tus qualiſcunque, etiam ſi vi impellatur,
                <expan abbr="cõ-cluſam">con­
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                cluſam</expan>
              manum: quia vapor calidus eſt, nec
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              poteſt exhalare. </s>
              <s id="s.001574">Calidus quidem vapor, quia
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              ab ore erit, non poteſt exhalare manu con­
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              cluſa: ſed motu in patenti loco refrigeratur,
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              & ad propriam redit naturam. </s>
              <s id="s.001575">Aër enim qui
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              auſtralibus ventis ad nos defertur, tametſi
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              calidus ſit, ob vapores eſt talis: vnde in iu­
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              gis montium ſemper refrigerat. </s>
              <s id="s.001576">Indicio ſunt
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              grandines, quæ & media æſtate, & ab au­
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              ſtro, & non altiùs montium cacuminibus de­
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              cidunt. </s>
              <s id="s.001577">Grando enim frigidiſſima eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001578">Sed vt
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              ſeruaretur aër, atque peregrinam omnem
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              qualitatem exueret, perpetuò moueri neceſ­
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              ſe fuit. </s>
              <s id="s.001579">Indicio eſt autem aërem ſemper mo­
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              ueri, quòd in anguſtis locis aura ſemper ſpi­
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              rat. </s>
              <s id="s.001580">Cùm enim altiùs ſemper moueatur, at­
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              que aſſiduè agitetur, inferiùs hic leuiter ſem­
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              per flat: qui cùm è rima exitum habuerit,
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              coacto toto impetu propter loci anguſtiam
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              vehementer imprimit, exemplo aquarum in
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg161"/>
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              fluminibus magnis, quæ cùm vix fluere vi­
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              deantur, per anguſta loca, aut vocatas con­
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              chas deductæ, conatu magno ac ſtrepitu,
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              tùm fragore immenſo coguntur erumpere.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001581">Motus enim, & cætera, quæ ſubſtantiis con­
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              tinuis adueniunt, in vnum cogunt: vbi etiam
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              ampla moles in exiguam aliquam partem
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              concluditur. </s>
              <s id="s.001582">Inde ex hoc crypto porticus fri­
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              gidiſſimas conſtruere docemur, plures atque
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              anguſtas receſſus in illas dirigendo. </s>
              <s id="s.001583">Et in
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              Ægypto aër nimio æſtu ferueat, excogitata
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              ratio turrium altiſſimarum, in quibus anfra­
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              ctus anguſtiores è ſummo vertice obliqui
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              aërem deducunt frigidiſſimum: quia à locis
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              exceptus purioribus frigidior eſt, & ob ſpa­
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              tij longitudinem fertur magno impetu, at­
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              que ideò frigidiſſimus euadit, & vehemen­
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              tiùs imprimit. </s>
              <s id="s.001584">Externus verò calor à muri
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              craſſitudine arcetur. </s>
              <s id="s.001585">Et loci obliquitas ra­
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              dios ſolis impedit, admiſſa luce, ne ingre­
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              diantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001586">His quatuor conſiliis in calidiſſima
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              quacunque regione amœniſſimos receptus
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              atque ſaluberrimos fabricare licet: ſunt
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              enim ſalubres, quia perflati. </s>
              <s id="s.001587">At dices: Vide­
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              mus in turrium cacuminibus poſitis flabel­
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              lis ex tenuiſſimis, leuiſſimiſque laminis me­
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              tallicis volubilibus, ventos ſolùm eas moue­
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              re, aliter autem quieſcunt: non igitur ſem­
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              per aër mouetur. </s>
              <s id="s.001588">Cùm enim ſcire cupimus
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              vnde ſpirent venti, flabelli aciem ad quam
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              partem reſpiciat atque confideat inſpici­
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              mus, ventumque ex aduerſa regione flare
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              cognoſcimus. </s>
              <s id="s.001589">Quòd ſi in pluribus locis acies
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              conſideat flabelli, totidem flant venti ex ad­
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              uerſis regionibus quot fuerint loci, in qui­
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              bus conſiderint: vt ſi ad Boream reſpiciat
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              flabellum, ex auſtro ventus flat: ſi ad Orien­
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              tem, ex Occidente: ſi modò ad Boream, mò­
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              dò ad Orientem, vterque ventus ſpirat. </s>
              <s id="s.001590">Ea­
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              demque ratio, & in aliis, & in pluribus ob­
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              ſeruanda. </s>
              <s id="s.001591">Vnde Tritonem illum Vitruuia­
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              num collocare docemur. </s>
              <s id="s.001592">Verùm cùm venti
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              non ſpirant, aër ad partem vnam leuiter
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              tendit, inclinaturque eò perpetuò flabel­
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              lum: ob id non agitatur, & tamen ſemper
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              ſpirat. </s>
              <s id="s.001593">Eſt autem cùm
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              viget, aëris
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              motus ex Oriente, tendunt enim flabella ad
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              Occidentem: atque hic motus naturalis eſt
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              aëris. </s>
              <s id="s.001594">Aër igitur frigidiſſimus eſt, ac ſemper
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              mouetur. </s>
              <s id="s.001595">Factus eſt etiam natura tenuiſſi­
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              mus. </s>
              <s id="s.001596">Ergo aër tenuiſſimus eſt etiam, vt ictus
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              omnes exciperet. </s>
              <s id="s.001597">Nam in terra ob ſolidita­
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              tem motus non fiunt, niſi obſcuri: in aqua
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              verò etiam lenti: ſolus aër ictibus excipien­
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              dis aptiſſimus, & ob ipſam tenuitatem eſſe
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              videtur. </s>
              <s id="s.001598">Sunt autem motus ſimplices alij
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              præter tres ſuperiùs dictos, quatuor. </s>
              <s id="s.001599">Cœle­
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              ſtis, qui maximè eſt naturalis & alius rurſus
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              naturalis, qui à quadam obedientia rerum
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              fit, vt aquæ ob Lunam, & ferri ad Hercu­
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              leum lapidem: & voluntarius, qui animali­
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              bus conuenit: quartus ex his eſt violentus,
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              de quo nunc ſermonem habere propoſitum
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              eſt: nam de aliis ſuo loco dicemus. </s>
              <s id="s.001600">Vniuerſi
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              igitur motus ſimplices ſeptem ſunt, compo­
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              ſiti verò ex his fiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.001601">Itaque cùm hæc pro­
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              poſitio à Philoſopho accepta eſſet, quòd ni­
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              hil mouetur abſque motore, & quòd illud,
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              quod mouetur motu violento, non habet
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              principium in ſe: quia motus eius eſt purè
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              violentus, quare principium eſt extrà, ſequi­
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              tur vt violenter mota ab aliquo extra mo­
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              tam rem moueantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001602">Hoc autem non po­
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              teſt eſſe niſi aër, igitur mota violenter ab
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              aëre mouentur. </s>
              <s id="s.001603">Et quia cadebat dubitatio
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              eadem in aëre, propter vnam propoſitionem,
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              quæ eſt vera: quod omne corpus mouens
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              mouetur, & ideò ſi aër mouet lapidem pro­
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              iectum, mouetur: igitur ab aliquo mouetur
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              aër: & ideò hæremus ſicut de lapide. </s>
              <s id="s.001604">Dicunt
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              quòd aër cùm ſit leuis, à ſua forma mouetur:
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              & ideò iuxta hanc ſententiam quatuor ortæ
                <lb/>
              ſunt opiniones, quas nullus expoſitorum in­
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              tellexit, & maximè Ariſtotelis ( quem adeò
                <lb/>
              iactant ) opinionem. </s>
              <s id="s.001605">Prima igitur eſt, quòd
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              motum, vtpote lapis A, moueatur vi acqui­
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              ſita à proiiciente: ſicut cùm calefactum ab
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              igne, calefacit poſtmodum caliditate acqui­
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              ſita alia, & ipſum calidum diu manet: ita
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              motum recipit vim illam à mouente, per
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              quam fertur, donec quieſcat. </s>
              <s id="s.001606">Senſibilis eſt
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              hęc opinio, quæ Antiquorum eſt argumento
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              ab Ariſtotele adducto reiecta. </s>
              <s id="s.001607">Sed & quòd
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              ab aëre moueatur inditio eſſe poteſt, quòd
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              non tangens fulmen, arbores tamen etiam
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              proſternit. </s>
              <s id="s.001608">Secunda Platonis fuit, quòd O
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              motum, gratia exempli, à mouente tranſ­
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              fertur vſque ad B: inde cum relinquitur à
                <lb/>
              mouente, aër interim qui erat in loco mobi­
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              lis, id eſt, in A, implet locum inter A & B, &
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              ita tangit A mobile cum motu, & hoc modo
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              ſemper implet locum, quem A mobile deſe­
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              rit, cum eo impetu cum quo Aiam mouetur:
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              hoc enim neceſſe eſt ob raritatis motum, ſeu
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              ne detur vacuum. </s>
              <s id="s.001609">Sic igitur Plato poteſt ar­
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              gumentari: Moto à quocunque impetu aër
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              ſubſequitur, eodem impotu implendo lo­
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              cum, & tangit A motum, igitur mouebit A
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              ipſe aër eodem impetu, quo priùs motum
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              continuum faciendo: vocatque hunc modum
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              antiperiſtaſin, id eſt, locorum ſucceſſione </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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