Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
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bellows in rotation. </
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<
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>Finally we must not omit to state that this is only one
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of many such axles having cams and a water-wheel.</
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>I have arrived thus far with many words, and yet it is not unseasonable
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that I have in this place pursued the subject minutely, since the smelting of all
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the metals, to which I am about to proceed, could not be undertaken without
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it.</
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>The ores of gold, silver, copper, and lead, are smelted in a furnace by
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four different methods. </
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>The first method is for the rich ores of gold or silver,
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the second for the mediocre ores, the third for the poor ores, and the fourth
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method is for those ores which contain copper or lead, whether they contain
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precious metals or are wanting in them. </
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>The smelting of the first ores is
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performed in the furnace of which the tap-hole is intermittently closed; the
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other three ores are melted in furnaces of which the tap-holes are always
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open.</
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>First, I will speak of the manner in which the furnaces are prepared for
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the smelting of the ores, and of the first method of smelting. </
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>The powder
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from which the hearth and forehearth should be made is composed of char
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coal and earth (clay?). The charcoal is crushed by the stamps in a mortar
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box, the front of which is closed by a board at the top, while the charcoal, </
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>A—TUB. B—SIEVE. C—RODS. D—BENCH-FRAME.</
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