Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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              <s>
                <pb pagenum="22"/>
              quæ fiunt ab humana voluntate; in iis verò quæ fiunt à natura ſolam rationem concedimus, quę
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg220"/>
                <lb/>
              adæquet formam: atque illam quidem tribuimus cauſsis efficientibus particularibus, non vni­
                <lb/>
              uerſalibus vt cęlo & Deo, cùm illam mentem Ariſtotelis fuiſſe cenſeamus cauſſas vniuerſales
                <lb/>
              ita ſe extuliſſe ab his inferioribus vt illorum gratia nihil agant; nec rationibus oppoſitis aliud in­
                <lb/>
              duci poſſum vt credam, quod ſuo loco tractabitur. </s>
              <s>Cęterùm detur hoc, ne ſimus moroſi
                <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Fateamur item ex ea ratione produci id quod fit, at quòd ex nihilo negamus. </s>
              <s>Etenim, ex ea ra­
                <lb/>
              tione fit id, quod fit, vt efficiente, vel conſtituente efficiens: at verò id ego dicam ab efficiente
                <lb/>
              produci, ſed ex materia. </s>
              <s>Quocirca probandum fuit efficiens per talem rationem ſine materia
                <lb/>
              poſſe producere; quę vniuerſa peruicax, & qui ſe duci patitur à ſenſu & experientiis, quod Phy­
                <lb/>
              ſici faciunt; & inficiabitur, & conuinci non poterit. </s>
              <s>Hæ non eò dicta ſunt à nob. </s>
              <s>vt creationem
                <lb/>
              euerteremus, ſed vt ab Ariſtotele & phyſicis haud approbatam fuiſſe perſpiceres, & agnoſceres
                <lb/>
              altius ſeſe extuliſſe noſtræ ſalutis initia quàm vt à phyſico. </s>
              <s>rationibus quæ ſenſu niterentur, at­
                <lb/>
              tingi poſſent; atque vt doceremus id eſſe principium in hac methodo, vnde omnia quæ in hac
                <lb/>
              philoſophia colligerentur repugnantia veritati, per eius
                <expan abbr="inficiationẽ">inficiationem</expan>
              liberrimè negarentur, quòd
                <lb/>
              oppoſitum diuino beneficio multò magis eſſet perſpicuum: neque iis vllo modo noſtra mens
                <lb/>
              adhæreſceret. </s>
              <s>Nec me latet, cùm hic nonnulla ex Peripateticorum fontibus hauſta fuiſſe, tùm
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg221"/>
                <lb/>
              etiam alia prętermiſſa, quæ ſolent in confirmationem eiuſdem theorematis afferri; de quibus
                <lb/>
              phyſico adhuc plura dicenda forent. </s>
              <s>nos omnia ſuo loco declarabimus, eo nunc contenti; quòd
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg222"/>
                <lb/>
              ex nihilo nihil fieri, pro principio philoſophiæ naturalis ab Ariſtotele conſtitutum fuerit, & ni­
                <lb/>
              hil ex hac philoſophia depromi poſsit, quod ipſum demoliatur. </s>
              <s>Tertium effatum naturale prę­
                <lb/>
              cipua naturæ munera quæ cuique ſunt euidentia continebit. </s>
              <s>ea quanquam innumerabilia ſunt,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg223"/>
                <lb/>
              in decem capita digerentur. </s>
              <s>Itaque ea quæ fiunt, aut à natura fiunt, aut à nobis, aut ab aliis cauſ­
                <lb/>
              ſis, vt puta caſu, & fortuna. </s>
              <s>A nobis ea quæ fiunt, incertos exitus habent, & à noſtra voluntate
                <lb/>
              proficiſcentia, quemadmodum facultas eſt mutabilis & inconſtans, ita & ortum & euentum
                <expan abbr="cõ-ſimiles">con­
                  <lb/>
                ſimiles</expan>
              obtinent. </s>
              <s>Eorum quæ ſemper aut frequenter eueniunt, cauſſam nemo, niſi fortè Em­
                <lb/>
              pedocleus fortunæ adſcripſerit; vt quòd ſemper hyeme pluat; aut quòd ſub cane ſit æſtus: ſed ſi
                <lb/>
              pluat, dum ſub cane ſol eſt, aut ſi media hyeme nos æſtus inuadat. </s>
              <s>Reſtat igitur, vt eorum ſit
                <lb/>
              auctor ipſa natura, quæ plurimum ſemperúe fiunt eodem modo, & ea ſecundum naturam fieri
                <lb/>
              optimo iure dicentur quæ maxima ex parte fient: hoc eſt in pluribus eiuſdem ſpeciei ſingularib.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>& frequentius, aut ſemper: naturale enim eſt caneſcere, licet in ſenectute contingat, quod om­
                <lb/>
              nis homo ferè, cùm venerit ad ſenectutem, caneſcit, & naturalis hyeme pluuia, quia ſit frequen­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg224"/>
                <lb/>
              tior in ea tempeſtate, & iis potiſsimè natura conſiſtit quæ non ſemper ſunt; horum enim maxi­
                <lb/>
              ma pars eſt. </s>
              <s>Itaque Ptolemæus
                <foreign lang="grc">ἔυλογον</foreign>
              relinquebat phyſicis, non
                <foreign lang="grc">ἀναγκαῖον</foreign>
              . </s>
              <s>Sed & illa
                <lb/>
              ſunt ſecundum naturam, quæ certis quibuſdam interuallis repetuntur, vt æſtas & hyems: quo­
                <lb/>
              niam circuitus ille perpetuitatem habeat in tali ſucceſsione poſitam: ſemper enim ſui ſimilis eſt
                <lb/>
              illa ſucceſsio. </s>
              <s>Natura quoque ſunt eclipſis ſolis & lunæ, quæ tamen neque ſemper neque fre­
                <lb/>
              quenter exiſtunt. </s>
              <s>Veruntamen, cum cauſsis illis concurrentibus neceſſario fiant, cauſſarum ve­
                <lb/>
              rò certus fit reditus, & circuitio & tempeſtates & eclipſis in perpetuis numerari queunt. </s>
              <s>At verò
                <lb/>
              ſi natura eſt eorum cauſſa quæ plurimum ſemperúe fiunt: & ea, quæ natura ſunt, plurimum
                <lb/>
              ſemperúe contingunt. </s>
              <s>igitur ea quæ non ſemper plurimumúe eueniunt, non ſunt natura. </s>
              <s>Atqui
                <lb/>
              violenta ſunt naturæ contraria; non ergo plurimum ſemperúe contingunt. </s>
              <s>Etenim ſi contraria
                <lb/>
              naturæ plurimum, aut ſemper euenirent non eſſet natura de iis quę plurimum, ſed rarò, aut nun­
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              quam exiſtunt; id verò fieri nequit. </s>
              <s>Nihil etiam fruſtra efficiunt Deus & natura cuius ſcilicet
                <lb/>
              non ſit aliquod munus, officium, vel vſus, nihil ocioſum, nihil redundans vt calceus ille fruſtra
                <lb/>
              eſſet, quo, cùm non eſſet habilis & aptus ad pedem, vti non poſſem. </s>
              <s>Natura, inquàm, illa quæ po­
                <lb/>
              ſita eſt in nexu cauſſarum, vis ſcilicet per omnia corpora penetrans, & ſine ratione ciens & exci­
                <lb/>
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                <lb/>
              piens motus in corporibus neceſſarios, & Deus omnium princeps, à quo omnes iſti motus re­
                <lb/>
              guntur & gubernantur, curſus aſtrorum, mutationes temporum, rerum viciſsitudines
                <expan abbr="ordinesq́">ordinesque</expan>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>conſeruantur. </s>
              <s>Deus igitur & natura nihil fruſtra moliuntur cunctis rebus vſum exhiben­
                <lb/>
              do, quo ſeipſa tueantur & in mundi theatrum conferant, & ad hominis vſum præcipuè; quo
                <lb/>
              ſanè vinculo mundi partes adſtrictæ, ſiquid ſeorſum detrimenti capiunt ab externo, vniuerſam
                <lb/>
              tamen naturam quæ ſingula corpora cohibet, labefactare non poſſunt. </s>
              <s>Proinde vbi vnum ſuf­
                <lb/>
              ficiat inſtrumentum,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              non ſolet ipſum natura geminare: neque fortè, ſi geminetur; officia natu­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg227"/>
                <lb/>
              ræ minus impediret, & grauitarem afferret quàm moleſtia nos afficiat ſextus digitus quem ma­
                <lb/>
              nui natura peccans affinxerit. </s>
              <s>Itaque vbi commodè id effici potuerit; ad officia complura abu­
                <lb/>
              titur vno
                <expan abbr="eodemq́">eodemque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>inſtrumento, vt lingua ad guſtatum,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              & locutionem, & ore in habentibus
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg228"/>
                <lb/>
              pulmonem ad cibi ſumptionem, & reſpirationem. </s>
              <s>vt nihil planè ſine optima ratione feciſſe vi­
                <lb/>
              deatur. </s>
              <s>Neque verò, quia natura ſit vis quæ ratione vtatur, iam enim ratione vti eſt animæ, non
                <lb/>
              naturæ. </s>
              <s>Natura porrò
                <foreign lang="grc">ὐποτατικῶς</foreign>
              & ex ſua natura & eſſentia ſine cognitione agit pro fine </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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