Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="442"/>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1491"/>
              An hair will
                <lb/>
              draw a great
                <lb/>
              Maſs thorow the
                <lb/>
              Water; which
                <lb/>
              proveth, that it
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              hath no
                <lb/>
              ance againſt
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              tranſverſall
                <lb/>
              viſion.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1492"/>
              How ſhips are
                <lb/>
              moved in the
                <lb/>
              water.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1493"/>
              Bodies moved
                <lb/>
              a certain ſpace in
                <lb/>
              a certain Time,
                <lb/>
              by a certain
                <lb/>
              power, cannot be
                <lb/>
              moved the
                <lb/>
              ſame ſpace, and
                <lb/>
              in a ſhorter time,
                <lb/>
              but by a greater
                <lb/>
              power.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              But yet for all this, any great Maſs ſwimming in a ſtanding Lake, may
                <lb/>
              be moved by any petit force; only it is true, that a leſſer force
                <lb/>
              ſlowly moves it: but if the waters Reſiſtance of Diviſion, were in any
                <lb/>
              manner ſenſible, it would follow, that the ſaid Maſs, ſhould,
                <lb/>
              ſtanding the percuſſion of ſome ſenſible force, continue immoveable, which is
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1494"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              not ſo. </s>
              <s>Yea, I will ſay farther, that ſhould we retire our ſelves into the
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              more internall contemplation of the Nature of water and other Fluids,
                <lb/>
              perhaps we ſhould diſcover the Conſtitution of their parts to be ſuch, that
                <lb/>
              they not only do not oppoſe Diviſion, but that they have not any thing in
                <lb/>
              them to be divided: ſo that the Reſiſtance that is obſerved in moving
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1495"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              through the water, is like to that which we meet with in paſſing through
                <lb/>
              a great Throng of People, wherein we find impediment, and not by
                <lb/>
              difficulty in the Diviſion, for that none of thoſe perſons are divided
                <lb/>
              whereof the Croud is compoſed, but only in moving of thoſe perſons
                <lb/>
              ways which were before divided and disjoyned: and thus we find
                <lb/>
              Reſiſtance in thruſting a Stick into an heap of Sand, not becauſe any part
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              of the Sand is to be cut in pieces, but only to be moved and raiſed. two
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1496"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              manners of Penetration, therefore, offer themſelves to us, one in
                <lb/>
              whoſe parts were continuall, and here Diviſion ſeemeth neceſſary; the
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1497"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              other in the aggregates of parts not continuall, but contiguous only, and
                <lb/>
              here there is no neceſſity of dividing but of moving only. </s>
              <s>Now, I
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              not well reſolved, whether water and other Fluids may be eſteemed to
                <lb/>
              be of parts continuall or contiguous only; yet I find my ſelf indeed incli­
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1498"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              ned to think that they are rather contiguous (if there be in Naturno
                <lb/>
              other manner of aggregating, than by the union, or by the touching of the
                <lb/>
              extreams:) and I am induced thereto by the great difference that I ſee >
                <lb/>
              between the Conjunction of the parts of an hard or Solid Body, and the
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1499"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Conjunction of the ſame parts when the ſame Body ſhall be made Liquid
                <lb/>
              and Fluid: for if, for example, I take a Maſs of Silver or other Solid
                <lb/>
              and hard Mettall, I ſhall in dividing it into two parts, find not only the
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1500"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              reſiſtance that is found in the moving of it only, but an other
                <lb/>
              greater, dependent on that vertue, whatever it be, which holds the parts
                <lb/>
              united: and ſo if we would divide again thoſe two parts into other two
                <lb/>
              and ſucceſſively into others and others, we ſhould ſtill find a like
                <lb/>
              ance, but ever leſs by how much ſmaller the parts to be divided ſhall be;
                <lb/>
              but if, laſtly, employing moſt ſubtile and acute Inſtruments, ſuch as are
                <lb/>
              the moſt tenuous parts of the Fire, we ſhall reſolve it (perhaps) into
                <lb/>
              laſt and leaſt Particles, there ſhall not be left in them any longer either
                <lb/>
              Reſiſtance of Diviſion, or ſo much as a capacity of being farther
                <lb/>
              ded, eſpecially by Inſtruments more groſſe than the acuities of Fire:
                <lb/>
              what Knife or Raſor put into well melted Silver can we finde, that will
                <lb/>
              divide a thing which ſurpaſſeth the ſeparating power of Fire? </s>
              <s>
                <lb/>
              none: becauſe either the whole ſhall be reduced to the moſt minute
                <lb/>
              ultimate Diviſions, or if there remain parts capable ſtill of other Suddi­
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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