Castelli, Benedetto
,
Of the mensuration of running waters
,
1661
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it was manifeſt that the riſing of the Lake cauſed by the rain, was
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to a hair thoſe four fingers breadth that I had judged it to be.
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<
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>Two dayes after I had another bout with the Ingeneer, and re
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lated to him the whole buſineſs, to which he knew not what to
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anſwer.</
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* A Coyn of Pope
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Julius
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worth ſix
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pence.</
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>Now the two difficulties which I thought of, able to impede
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my concluſion, were theſe following: Firſt, I conſidered that
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it might be, that the Wind blowing from the ſide where the
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Sluice ſtood, to the Lake-ward; the mole and maſs of the Wa
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ter of the Lake might be driven to the contrary ſhore; on which
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the Water riſing, it might be fallen at the mouth of the Emiſſa
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ry, and ſo the obſervation might be much obſcured. </
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<
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>But this
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difficulty wholly vaniſhed by reaſon of the Aires great tranqui
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lity; which it kept at that time, for no Wind was ſtirring on any
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ſide, neither whilſt it rained, nor afterwards.</
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>The ſecond difficulty which put the riſing in doubt, was, That
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having obſerved in
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Florence,
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and elſewhere, thoſe Ponds into
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which the rain-water, falling from the houſe, is conveyed
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through the Common-ſhores: And that they are not thereby
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ever filled, but that they ſwallow all that abundance of water,
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that runs into them by thoſe conveyances which ſerve them with
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water; inſomuch that thoſe conveyances which in time of
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drought maintain the Pond, when there comes new abundance
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of water into the Pond, they drink it up, and ſwallow it: A like
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effect might alſo fall out in the Lake, in which there being many
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veins (as it is very likely) that maintain and feed the Lake; theſe
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veins might imbibe the new addition of the Rain-water, and ſo
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by that means annuall the riſing; or elſe diminiſh it in ſuch ſort, as
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to render it inobſervable. </
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>But this difficulty was eaſily reſolved
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by conſidering my Treatiſe of the meaſure of Running-Waters;
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foraſmuch as having demonſtrated, that the abatement of a Lake
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beareth the reciprocal proportion to the velocity of the Emiſſa
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ry, which the meaſure of the Section of the Emiſſary of the Lake,
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hath to the meaſure of the ſurface of the Lake: making the
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calculation and account, though in groſs; by ſuppoſing that its
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veins were ſufficiently large, and that the velocity in them were
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notable in drinking up the water of the Lake; yet I found never
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theleſs, that many weeks and moneths would be ſpent in drink
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ing up the new-come abundance of water by the rain, ſo that
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I reſted ſure, that the riſing would enſue, as in effect it did.</
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<
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>And becauſe many of accurate judgement, have again cauſed
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me to queſtion this riſing, ſetting before me, that the Earth be
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ing parched by the great drought, that had ſo long continued, it
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might be, that that Bank of Earth which environed the brink of
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the Lake, being dry, and imbibing great abundance of Water </
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