Bernoulli, Daniel - Hydrodynamica, sive De viribus et motibus fluidorum commentarii

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4531SECTIO TERTIA.

Solutio.

Sit canalis utcunque formatus S T (Fig. 13. & 14.) per quem aqua fluit
b c f g; aſſumitur, ſi in axe a e accipiatur punctum quodcunque n, per
11Fig. 13.
& 14. quod planum ad axem perpendiculare p m tranſeat, fore, ut omnes parti-
culæ aqueæ in illo plano exiſtentes æquali velocitate fluant, & quidem ta-
li, quæ ſit ubique reciproce proportionalis magnitudini ſectionis p m. Sit
autem velocitas aquæ in g f talis, quæ debetur altitudini verticali q s, id eſt,
ſit aſcenſus potentialis ſtrati aquei in g f æqualis lineæ q s, & quoniam hujus-
modi altitudines ſunt in ratione quadrata velocitatum, ſequitur eſſe aſcen-
ſum potentialem aquæ in p m æqualem quartæ proportionali ad quadratum
amplitudinis p m, quadratum amplitudinis g f & altitudinem q s, nempe
= {gf2/pm2} X qs. His ita præmonitis ponemus in figura decima quarta eſſe
curvam B P G, ſcalam amplitudinum canalis, ita ut poſita A N = a n, denotet
N P amplitudinem in p m: dein curvam H I K eſſe ſcalam aſcenſuum poten-
tialium, ita ut ſit N I = {EG2/NP2} X qs. fingatur nunc elementa ſingula curvæ
H I K habere pondus æquale ponderi ſtrati aquei reſpondentis, & cadere
centrum gravitatis iſtius curvæ in punctum L, & ducatur L O perpendicu-
laris ad axem A E; ſic erit L O aſcenſus potentialis totius aquæ quæſitus. Ex
mechanicis autem conſtat, fi fiat tertia curva U X Z, cujus applicata N X
ſit ubique æqualis {EG2/NP}, fore L O æqualem quartæ proportionali ad ſpa-
tium A E G B & A E Z U atque lineam q s vel E K. Patet igitur quæſitum.
Q. E. I.

§. 3. Fuerit v. gr. canalis conicus, in quo ſuperficies anterior g f
& poſterior b c diametros habeant ut m ad n, erit aſcenſus potentialis aquæ
= {3m3/n(mm + mn + nn)} X qs.

Problema.

§. 4. Datis variationibus infinite parvis tam ratione ſitus quam ve-
locitatis, quæ ſuperficiei aquæ anteriori reſpondent, invenire variationes
ad aſcenſus potentiales totius aquæ pertinentes.

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