Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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        <body>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001742">
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              dum cribratur neceſſe ſit ob manuum mo­
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              tum ac brachiorum patere foramina, quan­
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              tum diduci brachia valent, eaque cauſa fa­
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              rinæ non paruam partem partem perire. </s>
              <s id="s.001743">Ac­
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              cedit, quòd lineum cribrum cum ſolum tre­
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              mat, non adeò atteritur, imò longè minus
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              qui dum farina ab hominibus cribratur:
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              nam illos concutere, vt ſolent, cribrum ve­
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              hementer eſt neceſſarium. </s>
              <s id="s.001744">Facit & ad com­
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              pendium, quòd farina exquiſitius excutitur,
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              vt furfur omninò purum ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.001745">Hæcque omnia
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              citra domus fœditatem, & hominum iactu­
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              ram atque incommoda. </s>
              <s id="s.001746">Natura etiam in­
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              ſtrumenti duplicem, aut triplicem farinam
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              diſtinguente, guod ab operariis niſi conie­
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              ctura incerta primò, deinde etiam inſtabili,
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              fieri non poteſt.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001747">
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              Aër cur non
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              ſentiatur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001748">Sed ad aëris tractationem reuertamur,
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              motuum omnium violentorum iam abſolu­
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              ta narratione. </s>
              <s id="s.001749">Itaque aërem vſque ad cœ­
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              lum extendi iam docuimus, purioremque
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              illius partem æthera vocari: ſed neque æ­
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              ther, nec aër ob ſubſtantiæ puritatem ſenti­
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              ri poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001750">Cauſa factum eſt hoc animantium,
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              nam ſi colores haberet, quæ viderentur, ta­
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              lia apparerent. </s>
              <s id="s.001751">Vt enim per viridia conſpi­
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              cilia inſpicienti omnia videntur viridia: ita
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              ſi aër coloris particeps eſſet omnia eiuſdem
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              coloris eſſe viderentur. </s>
              <s id="s.001752">Similiter ſi odorem
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              haberet, omnia eodem odore infecta vide­
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              rentur. </s>
              <s id="s.001753">Similiter ſi acrem ſaporem, aut dul­
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              cem præ ſe ferret, dulcia omnia aut acria
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              viderentur. </s>
              <s id="s.001754">Eodem modo calidus ſi quan­
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              doque euadat, vt in æſtate, omnia vt cali­
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              da videantur, efficit. </s>
              <s id="s.001755">Ea ratione nox ſonos &
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              ſtrepitus leuiſſimos etiam detegit: quoniam
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              die aër non eſt omninò expers ſoni. </s>
              <s id="s.001756">Ergo
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              omnia vt poſſet ſuſcipere, ſapores, odores,
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              ſonos, colores, & calidum ac frigidum, ea­
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              que vt decet ſenſibus repræſentare, omnium
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              natura expers factus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001757">Qualitatibus au­
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              tem cùm ſubiacet primis, alteram oppoſi­
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              tam refugit: atque hoc indicium eſt eorum
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              quæ iam diximus, qualitates ipſas per ſeip­
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              ſas agere. </s>
              <s id="s.001758">Hyeme enim aër qui efflatur cùm
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              calidus ſit, in rotundam cogitur figuram,
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              ab ipſo calore ſiquidem, non ab aëris natu­
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              ra: etiam aër frigidus non cogitur, nec ca­
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              lidus in calidum locum inſpiratus. </s>
              <s id="s.001759">Sed cur in
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              rotundam figuram? </s>
              <s id="s.001760">quòd ea cùm ſit capa­
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              ciſſima, etiam ſit robuſtiſſima, & etiam quo­
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              niam ſolo puncto læſuræ cauſæ ſe exponat:
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              ob id pugnaturi, ictumque excepturi, ac
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              pondus ſubituri, in rotundam figuram ſe
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              totos colligunt, Vibrata enim procul maio­
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              re impetu colliduntur: at quæ extra rotun­
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              ditatem ſunt, procul magis vibrantur: plus
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              enim à centro diſtant, quod hypomochlij
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              vice habetur. </s>
              <s id="s.001761">Hic intercluſus corrumpit ani­
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              mata anima carentia conſeruat: liber autem,
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              quæ anima carent, corrumpit: quæ anima­
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              ta ſunt, conſeruat. </s>
              <s id="s.001762">Exedit enim anima
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              carentia motu, ideoque perflato loco illa
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              corrumpit, animalium calorem repurgat
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg183"/>
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              ac refrigerat. </s>
              <s id="s.001763">Sed recluſus dum non moue­
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              tur, quæ à putredine abſunt illæſa conſer­
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              uat, quia motu carens non exedit. </s>
              <s id="s.001764">Sed ani­
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              malia, & quæ putreſcere poſſunt, immotus
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              manens, atque ideo putreſcens, corrum­
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              pit, occidit, putrefacit. </s>
              <s id="s.001765">Adeò verò corrum­
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              pitur aër concluſus ac immotus, vt cum M.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001766">Antonini Imperatoris milites Auidij Caſ­
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              ſij in Seleucia Babyloniæ arculam in Apol­
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              linis templo inuentam aperuiſſent, aurum
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              ſperantes inuenire, aër exiens adeò com­
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              putruerat, vt totam regionem peſte affece­
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              rit. </s>
              <s id="s.001767">Inde ventis delatus in Græciam, at­
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              que inde etiam Romam, peſtilentiam eam
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              excitauit, quæ humani totius generis par­
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              tem fermè tertiam abſumpſit. </s>
              <s id="s.001768">Inficitur &
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              metallicis exhalationibus, vnde in fodina­
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              rum puteis perpetuò flabellis agitatur: ali­
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              ter & lumina extingueret, & eos qui in­
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              tus ſunt ſuffocaret. </s>
              <s id="s.001769">Motu igitur aër pur­
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              gatur, & ad propriam ac puram redit na­
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              turam. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001770">
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              Cur aër hye­
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              me in rotun­
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              dam
                <expan abbr="figurã">figuram</expan>
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              cogitur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001771">
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              Aëris con­
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              trariæ vires.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001772">
                <margin.target id="marg184"/>
              Peſtis ex ar­
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              cula aperta.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001773">Simili ratione frumenta ſub terra reclu­
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              ſa, aërem vitiant, indeque viciſſim ab illo
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              vitiantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001774">Et licet ſerius in Germania, ob
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              aëris frigiditatem, attamen & ibi poſt
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              aliquot annos corrumpuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.001775">Seruantur &
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              diutiùs eadem cauſa ſub terra quam ſupra.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001776">In Gallia verò etiam in multos annos ſeptis
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              in medio ariſtis, & circumpoſitis denſata
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              congerie ſtipulis, ita vt latioris columnis
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              ſpeciem referant, inde ſuperinducto tugu­
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              riolo denſite tuta manent ab animalibus aë­
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              reque ipſo, tugurio ab aqua, geminareque
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              prohibentur ipſis ſtipulis annexis: omnia
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              enim ſemina ea parte pullulant, quæ exorta
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              ſunt, indicio ſunt fabæ. </s>
              <s id="s.001777">Sed & quædam
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              perflatis locis videntur tutiora, non quia
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              aër conſeruet, ſed quia frigidior quum
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              ſit, adeò non corrumpit. </s>
              <s id="s.001778">Pleraque enim
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              perflata, maximè edito loco, ſunt con­
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              cluſis frigidiora. </s>
              <s id="s.001779">Fiunt & aëris corruptio­
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              nes ob terræmotus. </s>
              <s id="s.001780">Reſeratus enim aër,
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              qui multis latuerat ſeculis, dum emergit,
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              peſtem magnam afferre ſolet: ob id ma­
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              gnos terræmotus, peſtilentiæ graues ſubſe­
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              qui ſolent. </s>
              <s id="s.001781">Fiunt & ob putredines, velut
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              poſt magnas clades, poſt inundationes, &
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              locuſtarum interitum. </s>
              <s id="s.001782">Hæ quidem peſtilen­
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              tiæ ab aëre. </s>
              <s id="s.001783">Quæ autem fiunt poſt famem,
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              alterius ſunt generis. </s>
              <s id="s.001784">Mira tamen peſtis va­
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              rietas: nam referunt autores fide non in­
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              digni, Conſtantinopoli ( olim Byzantium
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              dicebatur ) peſtem obortam, qui huius erat
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              generis, vt qui laborarent, aut quibus mor­
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              bus imminebat, viderentur ab alio homine
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              cædi: perturbatique hoc errore morieban­
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              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.001785">Interim nec videbant, nec audiebant,
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              ſed velut attoniti, aut lymphati ſenſibus ac
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              mente excutiebantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001786">Febreque ac tuſſi cum
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              laborarent, calor tamen & color haud mu­
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              tabatur. </s>
              <s id="s.001787">Tubercula variis in locis pro ho­
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              minum natura apparebant. </s>
              <s id="s.001788">Tandem veterno
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              alij, alij inedia conficiebantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001789">Quidam etiam
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              ob ſitim in puteos ſe præcipitabant. </s>
              <s id="s.001790">Cer­
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              tum eſt, fuiſſe genus certum abſceſſus in
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              cerebro, quandoquidem contagio non pro­
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              pagaretur. </s>
              <s id="s.001791">Certum eſt, tot fermè eſſe modos
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              peſtis, quot tempora. </s>
              <s id="s.001792">Nulla tamen peſtis vl­
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              tra triennium ſæuit. </s>
              <s id="s.001793">Cauſa multiplex eſt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001794">Prima, quia ſi tamdiu ſæuiat, non habet fer­
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              mè in quos ſæuiat. </s>
              <s id="s.001795">Deinde, aër ipſe cùm le­
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              uiſſimæ ( vt dictum eſt ) ſit ſubſtantiæ, vlte­
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              riorem putredinem pati non poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001796">Oſten­
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              ſum eſt enim ſuperius, quæ computrue­
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              tint, non amplius eſſe putrida. </s>
              <s id="s.001797">Accedit, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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