Bélidor, Bernard Forest de, La science des ingenieurs dans la conduite des travaux de fortification et d' architecture civile

Table of Notes

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              <pb o="91" file="0421" n="455" rhead="LIVRE IV. DES EDIFICES MILITAIRES."/>
            donner au mur d’apui, l’on pourra donner le reſte de la hauteur
              <lb/>
            ſous ſolives aux croiſées: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8642" xml:space="preserve">par exemple, ſi l’étage a 13 pieds de hau-
              <lb/>
            teur ſous ſolives, en ayant pris 3 pour l’apui, il en reſtera 10 pour
              <lb/>
            la hauteur des croiſées; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8643" xml:space="preserve">ainſi à proportion des autres étages qui ſont
              <lb/>
            moins élevés.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8644" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8645" xml:space="preserve">On fera en ſorte que toutes les fenêtres répondent à plomb les
              <lb/>
            unes ſur les autres: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8646" xml:space="preserve">s’il y avoit des endroits au ſecond étage ou au
              <lb/>
            troiſiéme, où l’on n’auroit pû en faire à cauſe de la diſtribution du
              <lb/>
            dedans, qui répondiſſent à celle des étages au-deſſous, il faudroit
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            en feindre, afin que la façade du bâtiment ſoit reguliere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8647" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8648" xml:space="preserve">Pour les lucarnes des étages en galatas, elles doivent avoir un
              <lb/>
            cinquiéme moins de largeur, que les croiſées de deſſous, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8649" xml:space="preserve">leur
              <lb/>
            hauteur doit être environ une fois & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8650" xml:space="preserve">demie leur largeur.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8651" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8652" xml:space="preserve">La grandeur des cheminées doit être proportionnée à celle des
              <lb/>
            places où elles ſont ſituées: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8653" xml:space="preserve">les grandes pour les ſalles & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8654" xml:space="preserve">ſallons
              <lb/>
            auront 6 à 7 pieds d’ouverture entre leurs jambages, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8655" xml:space="preserve">4 à 5, de-
              <lb/>
            puis le deſſous de leur plattebande, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8656" xml:space="preserve">environ 2 pieds de profon-
              <lb/>
            deur d’atre; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8657" xml:space="preserve">les moyennes pour les chambres ſeront environ de 4
              <lb/>
            pieds de largeur, ſur 3 de hauteur & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8658" xml:space="preserve">de 18 à 20 pouces de pro-
              <lb/>
            fondeur; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8659" xml:space="preserve">les petites pour les cabinets peuvent avoir depuis 2
              <lb/>
            pieds juſqu’à 4 de largeur, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8660" xml:space="preserve">le reſte à proportion.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8661" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8662" xml:space="preserve">Dans les grands bâtimens, où les murs ont une épaiſſeur conſi-
              <lb/>
            derable, on peut y faire paſſer les tuyaux des cheminées; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8663" xml:space="preserve">mais,
              <lb/>
            quand cette épaiſſeur eſt mediocre, il ne convient pas d’y rien an-
              <lb/>
            ticiper, parce qu’on affoibliroit trop les murs de refends ou les
              <lb/>
            pignons. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8664" xml:space="preserve">Autrefois, les cheminées étoient adoſſées les unes devant
              <lb/>
            les autres; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8665" xml:space="preserve">mais, comme elles chargeoient les planchers, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8666" xml:space="preserve">ſail-
              <lb/>
            loient trop dans les chambres, on a corrigé ce défaut en les ren-
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0421-01" xlink:href="note-0421-01a" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Planch</emph>
              .
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              35.</note>
            geant le long du mur, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8667" xml:space="preserve">en devoyant les tuyaux; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8668" xml:space="preserve">mais, comme
              <lb/>
            ce devoyement eſt deſagréable à voir, on pratique des armoires
              <lb/>
            dans les vuides, ce qui rend la chambre reguliere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8669" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8670" xml:space="preserve">Les tuyaux peuvent avoir 3 ou 4 pieds de longueur, ſur 10 12
              <lb/>
            à 15 pouces de largeur, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8671" xml:space="preserve">leur épaiſſeur doit être de languette de
              <lb/>
            pierre ou de briques de 4 pouces: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8672" xml:space="preserve">quant à la ſituation des chemi-
              <lb/>
            nées, je crois qu’il n’eſt pas beſoin de dire, qu’il ne faut jamais les
              <lb/>
            adoſſer contre les murs de face, entre les fenêtres, pour des raiſons
              <lb/>
            qui ſe font aſſés ſentir; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8673" xml:space="preserve">ainſi leur veritable place eſt dans le milieu
              <lb/>
            des murs de refends, deſorte qu’elles ſe preſentent en entrant, ſans
              <lb/>
            pourtant ſe trouver vis-à-vis la porte, qui doit, comme on l’a déja
              <lb/>
            dit, être de côté, pour être d’enfilade avec les autres.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8674" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s8675" xml:space="preserve">Il faut que les ſouches des cheminées ne cauſent aucune diffor- </s>
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